Yarjejeniya
Yarjejeniya yarjejeniya ce ta hukuma, wacce ta daure bisa doka tsakanin kasashe masu iko da/ko kungiyoyin kasa da kasa wadanda dokokin kasa da kasa ke tafiyar da su.[1] [2] [3] Hakanan ana iya sanin yarjejeniya da yarjejeniya ta duniya, yarjejeniya, alkawari, yarjejeniya, yarjejeniya, ko musayar wasiƙa, tsakanin sauran sharuɗɗan; duk da haka, kawai takaddun da ke bin doka a kan bangarorin ana ɗaukar yarjejeniyoyin ƙarƙashin dokar ƙasa da ƙasa.[4] yarjejeniya na iya zama na bangarorin biyu (tsakanin kasashe biyu) ko na bangarori daban-daban (wanda ya shafi kasashe sama da biyu).
Yarjejeniyoyin suna daga cikin abubuwan farko na alakar kasa da kasa; Misali na farko da aka sani shi ne yarjejeniyar kan iyaka tsakanin jihohin Sumeria-jihohin Lagash da Umma a wajen 3100 BC.[5]. An yi amfani da yarjejeniyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa ta wani nau'i ta mafi yawan manyan wayewa kuma sun zama gama gari kuma suna daɗaɗaɗaɗawa a lokacin farkon zamani[6] A farkon karni na 19 ya ga ci gaba a harkokin diflomasiyya, manufofin kasashen waje, da dokokin kasa da kasa da aka nuna ta hanyar amfani da yarjejeniyoyin. Yarjejeniyar Vienna ta 1969 akan Dokar Yarjejeniya (VCLT) ta tsara waɗannan ayyuka tare da kafa ƙa'idodi da ƙa'idodi don ƙirƙira, gyara, fassarar, da ƙare yarjejeniyoyin, da kuma warware husuma da ƙetaren zargi.
Amfani da tsari na zamani
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar Geneva a 1949. Sa hannun wata ƙasa, ta hanyar masu iko da "cikakken iko" don cimma yarjejeniya, sau da yawa ya isa ya nuna aniyar kulla yarjejeniya. Yarjejeniyar hukuma ce, bayyananniyar yarjejeniya a rubuce wadda jihohi ke amfani da su don ɗaure kansu bisa doka.[7] Har ila yau, haƙiƙanin sakamakon wani biki ne wanda ke amincewa da ɓangarori da ƙayyadaddun dangantakarsu. Babu wani abin da ake buƙata na ƙwarewar ilimi ko ƙwarewar mahallin da ake buƙata don buga yarjejeniya. [8] Koyaya, tun daga ƙarshen karni na 19, yawancin yarjejeniyoyin sun bi daidaitaccen tsari. Yarjejeniyar yawanci tana farawa ne da gabatarwar da ke bayyana "Ƙungiyoyin Kwangiloli masu Girma" da kuma manufofinsu na aiwatar da yarjejeniyar, da kuma taƙaita duk wani abin da ya faru (kamar sakamakon yaki a yanayin yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya). A wasu lokuta ana tsara preambles na zamani azaman jimla guda ɗaya mai tsayi da aka tsara zuwa sakin layi da yawa don karantawa, wanda kowanne cikin sakin layi yana farawa da gerund (buƙata, ganewa, samun, da sauransu.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Odering, Jason. "Library Guides: Public International Law: Treaties". unimelb.libguides.com. Retrieved
- ↑ Government of Canada, Department of Justice (3 February 2012). "Definitions". www.justice.gc.ca. Retrieved 7 June
- ↑ "Treaty | Definition, Examples, & Facts | Britannica"
- ↑ In United States constitutional law, the term "treaty" has a special meaning which is more restricted than its meaning in international law; see United States law below.
- ↑ Nussbaum, Arthur (1954). A concise history of the law of nations. pp. 1–
- ↑ diplomacy - History of diplomacy | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 10
- ↑ International Law, pp. 88–92.
- ↑ Nicolson, Harold. (1934). Diplomacy, p.