Yarjejeniyar Cinikin Bautar da bayi ta Ingila da Masar

Yarjejeniyar Cinikin Bautar da bayi ta Ingila da Masar

Iri	yarjejeniya
Kwanan watan	1877
Participant (en)	United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Khedivate of Egypt (en)

Yarjejeniyar Kasuwancin Bayin Anglo-Masar, wanda kuma aka sani da Yarjejeniyar Anglo-Masar don dakile cinikin bayi ko Yarjejeniyar Anglo-Masar don kawar da bautar wata yarjejeniya ce tsakanin Burtaniya ta Burtaniya da Ireland da Khedivate na Masar daga shekarun 1877. Sigar farko ta 1877 ta biyo bayan ƙari a cikin shekarar 1884 da ƙari na biyu a cikin shekarar 1895. Ya haramta cinikin bayi zuwa Masar a hukumance. Duk da yake ba a kawar da bautar da kanta ba, an ba wa bayin da ake da su damar neman aikin noma, wanda ya yi nasarar kawar da bautar a farkon ƙarni na 20.

Tarihi

Birtaniya na da wata manufa mai gudana na matsin lamba ga daular Ottoman don hana cinikin bayi. Firman na 1857 ne ya gabace yarjejeniyar cinikin bayi na Anglo-Masar, wanda ya haramta cinikin bayin Afirka a cikin Daular Usmaniyya, wacce Ottoman Masar ta kasance a hukumance. Duk da haka Firman na 1857 ya kasance mai ƙima akan takarda kawai, kuma matsin lamba na Burtaniya ya ci gaba a cikin batun.

Babban taro

Yarjejeniyar ta shi a 1877 ta haramta cinikin bayi daga Sudan a hukumance, don haka ta kawo ƙarshen shigo da bayi daga Sudan a hukumance. Sudan a wannan lokacin ita ce babbar hanyar shigo da bayi maza zuwa Masar. Wannan haramcin ya biyo baya a shekara ta 1884 da hana shigo da mata farar fata; An ba da umarnin wannan doka a kan shigo da mata fararen fata (yafi daga Caucasus kuma yawanci Circassians ta hanyar cinikin bayi na Circassian), waɗanda su ne zaɓin da aka fi so ga ƙwaraƙwaran ƙwarƙwara a tsakanin manyan Masarawa.

Ƙarin shekarar 1895 ya haramta duk wani tsoma baki na "cikakken 'yancin yin aiki na bawa da aka ba shi izini", ta haka ne ya tabbatar musu da 'yancin yin aure da gado, wanda sau da yawa suka hana su daga masu mallakar su; Kotunan laifuffuka na cikin gida za su magance cinikin bayi a maimakon kotunan soja, wanda ya sa ya zama mai inganci, ƙarin hukunci da kuma yin taka tsantsan da ke hana safarar bayi daga cinikin bayi daga Bahar Maliya zuwa Masar.

Bayan haka

Shigo da bayi maza daga ƙasar Sudan a matsayin sojoji, ma'aikatan gwamnati da na boko, da kuma shigo da bayi mata daga Kaucasus a matsayin matan haramun ne manyan hanyoyin shigo da bayi zuwa ƙasar Masar, don haka waɗannan dokoki sun kasance akalla a kan takarda, babbar ɓarna ga bauta a Masar. Ba a hana bautar kanta ba, kawai shigo da bayi. Sai dai kuma an ɓullo da dokar hana sayar da bayi da ake da su tare da dokar da ta baiwa bayin da ke da zama ‘yancin neman aiki a ofishin jakadancin Burtaniya ko kuma a ofisoshi guda huɗu da aka kafa a sassa daban-daban na ƙasar, kuma dubban bayin sun yi amfani da damar wajen neman takardar shaidar ‘yantar da su.

Masu rushewar Burtaniya a Masar sun buɗe wani gida ga tsoffin bayi mata don taimaka musu da kuma kare su daga faɗawa cikin karuwanci, wanda ke aiki daga shekarun 1884 zuwa 1908. A cikin shekarar 1901 wani ɗan ƙasar Faransa ya bayyana ra'ayinsa cewa bauta a Masar ya ƙare "a zahiri kuma a cikin doka"; Ƙididdigar Masar ta 1907 ba ta sake lissafta kowane bayi ba, kuma a cikin shekarar 1911 an rufe Sashen Ciniki na Bayi kuma an canza su zuwa Sudan. Duk da yake an yarda cewa ba a haramta bautar da kanta ba kuma har yanzu tana wanzuwa a shekarar 1908, a lokacin ba a ganuwa sosai don zama abin zargi na ƙasashen yamma.

Duba kuma

• Tarihin Anglo-Masar Sudan
• Farashin 1854
• Taron Anglo-Ottoman na 1880
• Kanunname na 1889
• Yarjejeniyar Frere

Ginshiƙi

Birtaniya ta ƙaddamar da wata manufa mai gudana na matsin lamba ga daular Ottoman don hana cinikin bayi. Firman na 1857 ne ya jagoranci yarjejeniyar cinikin bayi na Anglo-Masar, wanda ya haramta cinikin bayin Afirka a cikin Daular Usmaniyya, wacce Ottoman Masar ta kasance a hukumance. Duk da haka Firman na 1857 ya kasance mai ƙima akan takarda kawai, kuma matsin lamba na Burtaniya ya ci gaba a kan wannan batun.

Ginshiƙi

Ƙasar Birtaniya na da wata manufa mai gudana na matsin lamba ga daular Ottoman don hana cinikin bayi. Firman na 1857 ne ya gabace yarjejeniyar cinikin bayi na Anglo-Masar, wanda ya haramta cinikin bayin Afirka a cikin Daular Usmaniyya, wacce Ottoman Masar ta kasance a hukumance. Duk da haka Firman na shekara ta alif dari takwas da hamsin da bakwai 1857 ya kasance mai ƙima akan takarda kawai, kuma matsin lamba na Burtaniya ya ci gaba a cikin batutuwan.