Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da azabtarwa

Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da azabtarwa
Asali
Mawallafi	General Assembly of the United Nations
Shekarar ƙirƙira	1984
Lokacin bugawa	1984
Asalin suna	Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
Characteristics
Harshe	Turanci
Description
Ɓangaren	Dokar 'yancin dan adam ta kasa da kasa
Muhimmin darasi	Gallazawa da Hakkokin Yan-adam

Yarjejeniyar kan azabtarwa da sauran zalunci, rashin mutunci ko rashin mutunci (wanda aka fi sani da Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan azabtar da azabtarwa (UNCAT)) yarjejeniya ce ta kasa da kasa a karkashin bita na Majalisar Dinkinobho wanda ke da niyyar hana azabtarwa le sauran ayyukan zalunci, zalunci, ko rashin mutuntaka a duniya.

Yarjejeniyar ta bukaci kasashe membobin su dauki matakai masu inganci don hana azabtarwa a kowane yankin a ƙarƙashin iko, kuma ta hana kasashe membobinsu jigilar mutane zuwa kowace ƙasa inda akwai dalilin yin imani cewa za a azabtar da su.

Babban Taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya karɓi rubutun yarjejeniyar a ranar 10 ga Disamba 1984 kuma, bayan tabbatar da jam'iyyar jihar ta 20, ya fara aiki a ranar 26 ga Yuni 1987. 26 Yuni yanzu an san shi a matsayin Ranar Kasa da Kasa don tallafawa wadanda aka azabtar, don girmama taron. Tun lokacin da aka tilasta shigarwar taron, cikakkiyar haramtacciyar haramtacciya game da azabtarwa da sauran ayyukan zalunci, rashin mutunci, ko wulakanci ko azabtarwa ya zama an yarda da shi a matsayin ka'idar dokar al'ada ta duniya. Ya zuwa watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2024, taron yana da jam'iyyun jihohi 174.

Takaitaccen Bayani

Yarjejeniyar ta bi tsarin Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan 'Yancin Bil'adama da Siyasa (ICCPR) da Yarjejeniyar Duniya kan' Yancin Tattalin Arziki, Jama'a da Al'adu (ICESCR), tare da gabatarwa da labarai 33, an raba su kashi uku:

Sashe na I (Mataki 1-16) ya ƙunshi ma'anar azabtarwa (Mataki na 1), kuma ya ba da izini ga ɓangarorin su ɗauki matakai masu tasiri don hana duk wani aikin azabtarwa a kowane yanki a ƙarƙashin ikonsu (Mataki 2). Wadannan sun hada da tabbatar da cewa azabtarwa laifi ne a karkashin Dokar birni ta jam'iyya (Mataki na 4), kafa iko kan ayyukan azabtarwa da aka aikata ko a kan 'yan kasa na jam'iyya suka aikata (Mataki ya 5), tabbatar da cewa azaba laifi ne mai ba da izini (Mataki nke 8), da kuma kafa ikon duniya don kawo shari'o'in azabtarwa zuwa shari'a inda ba za a iya ba da mai azabtarwa (Mataki ba (Mataki 5). Dole ne jam'iyyun su bincika duk wani zargi na azabtarwa (Mataki na 12 da 13), kuma wadanda aka azabtar da su, ko kuma wadanda ke dogaro da su a cikin yanayin wadanda aka azabta sun mutu sakamawa azabtarwa, dole ne su sami damar biyan diyya (Matakiyar 14). Dole ne jam'iyyun su hana amfani da shaida da aka samar ta hanyar azabtarwa a kotunsu (Mataki na 15), kuma an hana su korar mutane, fitarwa, ko sake cin zarafin mutane inda akwai dalilai masu yawa don gaskata cewa za a azabtar da su (Mataki 3). Ana buƙatar jam'iyyun su horar da kuma ilimantar da Ma'aikatan gwamnati da 'Yan ƙasa masu zaman kansu da ke da hannu a tsare, tambayoyi, ko kuma kula da duk wani mutum da aka kama, tsare, ko ɗaurin kurkuku, game da haramtacciyar azabtarwa (Mataki na 10). Har ila yau, dole ne jam'iyyun su ci gaba da bin ka'idojin tambayoyi, umarni, hanyoyin, da ayyuka a ƙarƙashin bita na tsari game da mutanen da ke ƙarƙashin kulawa ko iko a kowane yanki a ƙarƙashin ikonsu, don hana duk ayyukan azabtarwa (Mataki na 11). Hakanan ana tilasta wa bangarorin hana duk ayyukan zalunci, rashin mutunci, ko wulakanci ko azabtarwa a kowane yanki a ƙarƙashin ikonsu, da kuma bincika duk wani zargi na irin wannan bi da. (Mataki na 16).

Sashe na II (Mataki na 17-24) yana jagorantar bayar da rahoto da saka idanu game da taron da kuma matakan da jam'iyyun suka dauka don aiwatar da shi. Ya kafa Kwamitin Yaki da Torture (Mataki na 17), kuma ya ba shi damar bincika zarge-zargen azabtarwa na tsari (Mataki 20). Har ila yau, ya kafa tsarin warware rikice-rikice tsakanin bangarorin (Mataki na 21) kuma yana bawa bangarorin damar amincewa da ƙwarewar kwamitin don jin korafe-korafe daga mutane game da keta yarjejeniyar da wata jam'iyya ta yi (Mataki ta 22).

Sashe na III (Mataki 25-33) yana jagorantar tabbatarwa, shigarwa cikin aiki, da gyare-gyaren yarjejeniyar. Har ila yau, ya haɗa da hanyar sasantawa ta zaɓi don jayayya tsakanin jam'iyyun (Mataki na 30).

Babban tanadi

Ma'anar azabtarwa

Mataki na 1.1 na Yarjejeniyar ya bayyana azabtarwa kamar haka:Samfuri:International criminal lawKalmomin "wanda ya samo asali ne ko kuma ya dace da takunkumin doka" ya kasance mai zurfi kuma yana da faɗi sosai. Yana da matukar wahala a tantance abin da takunkumi ke "wanda ya dace da takunkumin doka" a cikin wani tsarin shari'a da abin da ba haka ba ne. Masu tsara Yarjejeniyar ba su ba da wata ma'auni don yin irin wannan ƙuduri ba kuma ba su bayyana sharuɗɗan ba. Yanayin binciken zai bambanta sosai daga tsarin shari'a zuwa wani wanda zai haifar da rikice-rikice masu tsanani tsakanin bangarorin da ke cikin taron. An ba da shawarar cewa ambaton irin waɗannan dokoki zai sa batun ya fi rikitarwa, domin zai ba da dokoki da kama da ƙarfin ɗaure doka. Wannan yana bawa jam'iyyun jihohi damar zartar da dokokin cikin gida waɗanda ke ba da izinin ayyukan azabtarwa waɗanda suka yi imanin suna cikin sashi na takunkumi. Koyaya, fassarar da aka fi karɓa game da sashi na takunkumi na doka ita ce tana nufin takunkumi da doka ta duniya ta ba da izini. Dangane da wannan fassarar, takunkumin da dokar kasa da kasa ta ba da izini ne kawai za su fada cikin wannan warewa. Fassarar sashi na takunkumin doka ba ta bar wani iko na aikace-aikace ba kuma marubuta, masana tarihi, da malamai suna muhawara sosai.

Hana azabtarwa

Mataki na 2 ya haramta azabtarwa, kuma yaƙi buƙatar bangarorin su dauki matakai masu inganci don hana shi a kowane yanki a ƙarƙashin ikonsu. Wannan haramcin cikakke ne kuma ba za a iya soke shi ba. "Babu wani yanayi na musamman" da za a iya kiran don tabbatar da azabtarwa, gami da yaki, barazanar yaki, Rashin kwanciyar hankali na siyasa na ciki, gaggawa ta jama'a, Ayyukan ta'addanci, aikata laifuka, ko kowane irin rikici. A wasu kalmomi, azabtarwa ba za a iya tabbatar da ita ba a matsayin hanyar kare lafiyar jama'a ko hana gaggawa. Wadanda ke ƙarƙashin su waɗanda ke yin azabtarwa ba za su iya kauce wa kansu daga alhakin shari'a ba bisa dalilin cewa suna bin umarni daga manyansu.

Hana azabtarwa ya shafi ko'ina a ƙarƙashin ikon da ya dace na jam'iyya a ciki ko a waje da iyakokinta, ko a cikin jiragenta ko jirgin sama ko a cikin Ayyukan soja, sansanonin soja, Ayyukan kiyaye zaman lafiya, masana'antun kiwon lafiya, makarantu, Cibiyoyin kula da rana, cibiyoyi, tsare-tsare, ofisoshin jakadancin, ko kowane ɗayan yankunanta, kuma yana kare duk mutanen da ke ƙarƙashin iko mai tasiri, ba tare da la'akari da asalinsa ba ko yadda ake amfani da wannan iko.

Sauran labaran ɓangaren na tsara takamaiman wajibai da aka nufa don aiwatar da wannan haramtacciyar haramtacciya ta hanyar hanawa, bincike, da kuma azabtar da ayyukan azabtarwa.

Hana hanawa

Mataki na 3 ya haramta bangarorin dawowa, fitarwa, ko sake karkatar da kowane mutum zuwa jihar "inda akwai dalilai masu yawa don gaskata cewa zai kasance cikin haɗarin azabtarwa. " Kwamitin Yaki da azabtarwa ya yanke shawarar cewa dole ne a tantance wannan haɗari ba kawai ga jihar karɓar farko ba, har ma da jihohin da za a iya fitar da mutumin daga baya, dawowa ko fitar da shi.

Hakki na gurfanar da shi ko fitar da shi

Mataki na 7 ya tilasta wa gwamnatin jihar da ake zargi da laifin ya faru ta gurfanar da wanda ake tuhuma, ko kuma ta mika su ga jihar da za ta, a karkashin ka'idar aut dedere aut judicare .

Hana zalunci, rashin mutunci, ko wulakanci ko azabtarwa

Mataki na 16 ya buƙaci bangarorin su hana "wasu ayyukan zalunci, rashin mutunci ko wulakanci ko azabtarwa wanda bai kai ga azabtarwa ba kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin Mataki na 1" a kowane yanki a ƙarƙashin ikonsu. Saboda sau da yawa yana da wahala a rarrabe tsakanin zalunci, rashin mutunci, ko wulakanci ko azabtarwa da azabtarwa, Kwamitin ya ɗauki haramcin Mataki na 16 na irin wannan aikin a matsayin cikakke kuma ba a iya soke shi ba.

Masu sanya hannu da tabbatarwa

Participant	Signature	Ratification, accession (a), succession (d)
Afghanistan	4 February 1985	1 April 1987
Albania		11 May 1994 a
Algeria	26 November 1985	12 September 1989
Angola	24 September 2013	2 October 2019
Andorra	5 August 2002	22 September 2006
Antigua and Barbuda		19 July 1993 a
Argentina	4 February 1985	24 September 1986
Armenia		13 September 1993 a
Australia	10 December 1985	8 August 1989
Austria	14 March 1985	29 July 1987
Azerbaijan		16 August 1996 a
Bahamas	16 December 2008	31 May 2018
Bahrain		6 March 1998 a
Bangladesh		5 October 1998 a
Belarus	19 December 1985	13 March 1987 (as the Samfuri:Country data Byelorussian SSR)
Belgium	4 February 1985	25 June 1999
Belize		17 March 1986 a
Benin		12 March 1992 a
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)	4 February 1985	12 April 1999
Bosnia and Herzegovina		1 September 1993 d
Botswana	8 September 2000	8 September 2000
Brazil	23 September 1985	28 September 1989
Brunei Darussalam	22 September 2015
Bulgaria	10 June 1986	16 December 1986
Burkina Faso		4 January 1999 a
Burundi		18 February 1993 a
Cabo Verde		4 June 1992 a
Cambodia		15 October 1992 a
Cameroon		19 December 1986 a
Canada	23 August 1985	24 June 1987
Central African Republic		11 October 2016 a
Chad		9 June 1995 a
Chile	23 September 1987	30 September 1988
China	12 December 1986	4 October 1988
Colombia	10 April 1985	8 December 1987
Comoros	22 September 2000
Congo		30 July 2003 a
Costa Rica	4 February 1985	11 November 1993
Côte d'Ivoire		18 December 1995 a
Croatia		12 October 1992 d
Cuba	27 January 1986	17 May 1995
Cyprus	9 October 1985	18 July 1991
Czech Republic		22 February 1993 d (previously ratified by Czechoslovakia on 7 July 1988)
Democratic Republic of the Congo		18 March 1996 a (as Zaire (en) )
Denmark	4 February 1985	27 May 1987
Djibouti		5 November 2002 a
Dominican Republic	4 February 1985	24 January 2012
Ecuador	4 February 1985	30 March 1988
Egypt		25 June 1986 a
El Salvador		17 June 1996 a
Equatorial Guinea		8 October 2002 a
Eritrea		25 September 2014 a
Estonia		21 October 1991 a
Ethiopia		14 March 1994 a
Fiji	1 March 2016	16 March 2016
Finland	4 February 1985	30 August 1989
France	4 February 1985	18 February 1986
Gabon	21 January 1986	8 September 2000
Gambia	23 October 1985	28 September 2018
{{country data Georgia}} Georgia		26 October 1994 a
Germany	13 October 1986	1 October 1990 (Signed as the West Germany. The Samfuri:Country data German Democratic Republic also ratified on 9 September 1987)
Ghana	7 September 2000	7 September 2000
Greece	4 February 1985	6 October 1988
Grenada		26 September 2019 a
Guatemala		5 January 1990 a
Guinea	30 May 1986	10 October 1989
Guinea-Bissau	12 September 2000	24 September 2013
Guyana	25 January 1988	19 May 1988
Holy See		26 June 2002 a
Honduras		5 December 1996 a
Hungary	28 November 1986	15 April 1987
Iceland	4 February 1985	23 October 1996
India	14 October 1997
Indonesia	23 October 1985	28 October 1998
Iraq		7 July 2011 a
Ireland	28 September 1992	11 April 2002
Israel	22 October 1986	3 October 1991
Italy	4 February 1985	12 January 1989, 5 July 2017 a
Japan		29 June 1999 a
Jordan		13 November 1991 a
Kazakhstan		26 August 1998 a
Kenya		21 February 1997 a
Kiribati		22 July 2019 a
Kuwait		8 March 1996 a
Kyrgyzstan		5 September 1997 a
Lao People's Democratic Republic	21 September 2010	26 September 2012
Latvia		14 April 1992 a
Lebanon		5 October 2000 a
Lesotho		12 November 2001 a
Liberia		22 September 2004 a
Libya		16 May 1989 a (then Libyan Arab Jamahiriya)
Liechtenstein	27 June 1985	2 November 1990
Lithuania		1 February 1996 a
Luxembourg	22 February 1985	29 September 1987
Madagascar	1 October 2001	13 December 2005
Malawi		11 June 1996 a
Maldives		20 April 2004 a
Mali		26 February 1999 a
Malta		13 September 1990 a
Marshall Islands		12 March 2018 a
Mauritania		17 November 2004 a
Mauritius		9 December 1992 a
Mexico	18 March 1985	23 January 1986
Monaco		6 December 1991 a
Mongolia		24 January 2002 a
Montenegro		23 October 2006 d
Morocco	8 January 1986	21 June 1993
Mozambique		14 September 1999 a
Namibia		28 November 1994 a
Nauru	12 November 2001	26 September 2012
Nepal		14 May 1991 a
Netherlands	4 February 1985	21 December 1988
New Zealand	14 January 1986	10 December 1989
Nicaragua	15 April 1985	5 July 2005
Niger		5 October 1998 a
Nigeria	28 July 1988	28 June 2001
Norway	4 February 1985	9 July 1986
Pakistan	17 April 2008	3 June 2010
Palau	20 September 2011
State of Palestine		2 April 2014 a
Oman		9 June 2020 a
Panama	22 February 1985	24 August 1987
Paraguay	23 October 1989	12 March 1990
Peru	29 May 1985	7 July 1988
Philippines		18 June 1986 a
Poland	13 January 1986	26 July 1989
Portugal	4 February 1985	9 February 1989
Qatar		11 January 2000 a
Republic of Korea [South]		9 January 1995 a
Republic of Moldova		28 November 1995 a
Romania		18 December 1990 a
Russian Federation	10 December 1985	3 March 1987 (ratified as the Kungiyar Sobiyet)
Rwanda		15 December 2008 a
Saint Kitts and Nevis		21 September 2020 a
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines		1 August 2001 a
Samoa		28 March 2019 a
San Marino	18 September 2002	27 November 2006
São Tomé and Príncipe	6 September 2000	10 January 2017
Saudi Arabia		23 September 1997 a
Senegal	4 February 1985	21 August 1986
Serbia		12 March 2001 d (ratified as the {{country data Federal Republic of Yugoslavia}}; Samfuri:Country data SFR Yugoslavia had previously ratified on 10 September 1991)
Seychelles		5 May 1992 a
Sierra Leone	18 March 1985	25 April 2001
Slovakia		28 May 1993 d (previously ratified by Czechoslovakia on 7 July 1988)
Slovenia		16 July 1993 a
Somalia		24 January 1990 a
South Africa	29 January 1993	10 December 1998
South Sudan		30 April 2015 a
Spain	4 February 1985	21 October 1987
Sri Lanka		3 January 1994 a
Sudan	4 June 1986	10 August 2021
Suriname		16 November 2021 a
Swaziland		26 March 2004 a
Sweden	4 February 1985	8 January 1986
Switzerland	4 February 1985	2 December 1986
Syrian Arab Republic		19 August 2004 a
Tajikistan		11 January 1995 a
Thailand		2 October 2007 a
North Macedonia		12 December 1994 d
Timor-Leste		16 April 2003 a
Togo	25 March 1987	18 November 1987
Tunisia	26 August 1987	23 September 1988
Turkey	25 January 1988	2 August 1988
Turkmenistan		25 June 1999 a
Tuvalu		24 March 2024 a
Uganda		3 November 1986 a
Ukraine	27 February 1986	24 February 1987 (ratified as the Samfuri:Country data Ukrainian SSR)
United Arab Emirates		19 July 2012 a
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	15 March 1985	8 December 1988 (British Indian Ocean Territory not included)
United States of America	18 April 1988	21 October 1994 (With specific reservations detailed here.)
Uruguay	4 February 1985	24 October 1986
Uzbekistan		28 September 1995 a
Vanuatu		12 July 2011 a
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)	15 February 1985	29 July 1991
Viet Nam	7 November 2013	5 February 2015
Yemen		5 November 1991 a
Zambia		7 October 1998 a

Ya zuwa 17 ga Nuwamba 2021, akwai jam'iyyun jihohi 173. Kasashe 22 na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ba su shiga cikin taron ba.

Yarjejeniyar Zaɓuɓɓuka

   

Yarjejeniyar Zaɓuɓɓuka ga Yarjejeniyar Kan Torture da Sauran zalunci, Rashin Mutum ko Rashin Hukunci (OPCAT), wanda Majalisar Dattijai ta karɓa a ranar 18 ga Disamba 2002 kuma tana aiki tun daga 22 ga Yuni 2006, ta ba da kafa "tsarin ziyarar yau da kullun da ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu na duniya da na ƙasa suka yi zuwa wuraren da aka hana mutane 'yancinsu, don hana azabtarwa da sauran zalunci, rashin mutunci ko azabtarwa, don a kula da su ta hanyar Kwamitin hana su.

Ya zuwa watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2022, Yarjejeniyar tana da masu sa hannu 76 da jam'iyyun 91.

Kwamitin Yaki da Torture

For the purpose of this Convention, the term "torture" means any act by which severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, is intentionally inflicted on a person for such purposes as obtaining from him, or a third person, information or a confession, punishing him for an act he or a third person has committed or is suspected of having committed, or intimidating or coercing him or a third person, or for any reason based on discrimination of any kind, when such pain or suffering is inflicted by or at the instigation of or with the consent or acquiescence of a public official or other person acting in an official capacity. It does not include pain or suffering arising only from, inherent in, or incidental to, lawful sanctions.

Kwamitin Yaki da Torture (CAT) kungiya ce ta masana kan kare hakkin dan adam waɗanda ke sa ido kan aiwatar da yarjejeniyar ta jam'iyyun Jiha. Kwamitin yana daya daga cikin kungiyoyi takwas na yarjejeniyar kare hakkin dan adam da ke da alaƙa da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Dukkanin jam'iyyun jihohi suna da alhakin gabatar da rahotanni na yau da kullun ga CAT kan yadda ake aiwatar da haƙƙoƙi. Bayan tabbatar da yarjejeniyar, jihohi dole ne su gabatar da rahoto a cikin shekara guda, bayan haka dole ne su bayar da rahoto kowane shekaru hudu. Kwamitin yana nazarin kowane rahoto kuma yana magance damuwarsa da shawarwari ga jam'iyyar Jiha ta hanyar "bincike na ƙarshe". A wasu yanayi, CAT na iya la'akari da korafe-korafe ko sadarwa daga mutane da ke da'awar cewa an keta hakkinsu a karkashin Yarjejeniyar.

CAT yawanci tana haɗuwa a watan Afrilu / Mayu da Nuwamba a kowace shekara a Geneva. Ana zabar mambobi zuwa wa'adin shekaru hudu ta jam'iyyun Jiha kuma ana iya sake zabar su idan an zaba su. Mambobin CAT na yanzu a watan Yunin 2023, wanda sharuɗɗan sa suka ƙare a ranar 31 ga Disamba 2025, sune:

Sunan	Jiha
Abderrazak Rouwane	Morocco
Ilvija Fuka	Latvia
Todd F. Buchwald	United States
Maeda Naoko	Japan
Claude Heller (shugaban)	Mexico
Erdogan Iscan (Mai ba da rahoto)	Turkey
Bakhtiyar Tuzmukhamedov (Mataimakin shugaban)	Russia
Ana Racu (Mataimakin Shugaban)	Moldova
Sébastien Touze (Mataimakin Shugaban)	France
Liu Huawen	China

Tasirin

Wani binciken da aka yi a shekarar 2021 a cikin American Journal of Political Science ya gano cewa kasashen da suka karɓi dokokin ƙasa waɗanda suka hana azabtarwa (suna bayyana shi daidai da ƙa'idodin da aka tsara a cikin Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da azabtarwa) daga baya suna fuskantar raguwa a azabtarwar 'yan sanda.

Dubi kuma

• Tsanani na tunani
• Yarjejeniyar Turai don Rigakafin azabtarwa da Rashin Mutum ko Rashin Girma ko Hukunci
• Ranar Kasa da Kasa don Taimako ga Wadanda aka azabtar
• Majalisar Maidowa ta Duniya don Wadanda aka azabtar
• Amfani da azabtarwa tun 1948
• Ƙungiyar Duniya da ke Kan Tsanani

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Haɗin waje

• Rubutun hukuma na Yarjejeniyar
• Jerin jam'iyyun
• Yarjejeniyar Zaɓuɓɓuka
• Kwamitin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da azabtarwa
• Yarjejeniyar da ke adawa da azabtarwa
• Human Rights Watch taƙaitaccen Yarjejeniyar
• Jerin hanyoyin haɗi zuwa wasu takardu masu alaƙa
• 'Yancin Dan Adam na Farko; Adalci mai azabtarwa: Yin amfani da Shaida mai tilasta don gurfanar da' yan ta'adda (2008) Adalci mai azabtarwa: Yin amfani da Shaida mai tsauri don gurfanar da wadanda ake zargi da ta'addanci (2008)
• 'Yancin Dan Adam na Farko; Bar Babu Alamomi: Ingantaccen Hanyar Tambaya da Hadarin Laifi
• Majalisar Kula da Harkokin Kasuwanci ta Duniya don Wadanda aka azabtar (IRCT); Menene azabtarwa? Bayyana azabtarwa
• Bayani na gabatarwa na Hans Danelius, bayanin tarihin tsari da kayan bidiyo akan Yarjejeniyar kan azabtarwa da Sauran zalunci, rashin mutunci ko wulakanci ko azabtarwa a cikin Tarihin Tarihi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Audiovisual Library of International LawTarihin Tarihi na Tarihin Tarihin Tarihon Tarihin Tarihuna na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya
• Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da azabtarwa (1984-2014) - Jagoran Bincike, Laburaren UNOG
• Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da azabtarwa (1984-2014) - Littattafai (Littattafai / Labarai), Laburaren UNOG

Shawarwarin Kwamitin Yaki da azabtarwa

• Kwamitin da ke adawa da azabtarwa - Shari'a
• OHCHR.org/EN/HRBodies/CAT/Pages/catindex.aspx" id="mwBcA" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Shawarwarin CAT akan OHCHR
• Shawarwarin Kwamitin Yaki da azabtarwa