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Yarjejeniyar Vienna kan Dokar Yarjejeniya

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Yarjejeniyar Vienna kan Dokar Yarjejeniya
Asali
Asalin suna Vídeňská úmluva o smluvním právu
Characteristics
Harshe Yaren Czech
Wuri
Place Vienna
Coordinates 48°13′N 16°22′E / 48.21°N 16.37°E / 48.21; 16.37
Map
Muhimmin darasi law of treaties (en) Fassara
Tarihi

Yarjejeniyar Vienna akan Dokar Yarjejeniya (VCLT) yarjejeniya ce ta kasa da kasa wacce ke tsara yarjejeniyoyin tsakanin kasashe masu iko.

Wanda aka sani da "yarjejeniya kan yarjejeniyoyin", VCLT ta kafa cikakkun jagororin aiki, dokoki, da hanyoyin yadda ake tsara yarjejeniyoyin, fayyace, gyara, da fassara.[1] Yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa wata yarjejeniya ce ta rubuce-rubuce tsakanin kasashen da ke karkashin dokokin kasa da kasa wadda ta bayyana amincewarsu ga kirkirowa, ko gyara, ko soke hakkokinsu da wajibai, kamar yadda yarjejeniyar ta tanada.[2]

An karɓi Yarjejeniyar Vienna akan Dokar Yarjejeniya kuma an buɗe shi don sanya hannu akan 23 ga Mayu 1969, ,[3] [4] ya fara aiki a ranar 27 ga Janairu 1980, [5] kuma ƙasashe masu iko 116 sun amince da shi tun daga Janairu 2018.[6] Ƙungiyoyin da ba su amince da su ba, irin su Amurka, sun amince da sassan VCLT a matsayin sake bayyana dokokin duniya na al'ada.[7] A cikin dokar yarjejeniya, VCLT ita ce ikon warware takaddama game da fassarar yarjejeniya.[8]

Tarihi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Kwamitin shari'a na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (ILC) na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ne ya tsara yarjejeniyar Vienna kan Dokar Yarjejeniya (VCLT), wacce ta fara aiki kan yarjejeniyar a 1949.[9]. A cikin shekaru 20 na shirye-shiryen, wakilai na musamman na ILC sun shirya daftarin juzu'in taron da sharhi, waɗanda suka haɗa da fitattun malaman dokokin duniya James Brierly, Hersch Lauterpacht, Gerald Fitzmaurice, da Humphrey Waldock.[10]

A cikin 1966, ILC ta karɓi daftarin labarai 75, waɗanda suka kafa tushen aikinta na ƙarshe.[11] sama da zama biyu a 1968 da 1969, taron Vienna ya kammala taron, wanda aka amince da shi a ranar 22 ga Mayu, 1969 kuma aka buɗe don sanya hannu a rana mai zuwa.

Abun ciki da tasiri

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A cikin ayyukan dokokin kasa da kasa, Yarjejeniyar Vienna kan Dokokin Yarjejeniya ita ce ikon doka game da kulla yarjejeniya da tasirinta[12]. Ƙasashen da ba sa hannu ba, kamar Amurka da Indiya sun amince da matsayin doka na VCLT, kamar yadda doka ta ta'allaka kan duk ƙasashe masu iko[13] ] waɗanda suka amince da matsayin dokokin al'ada na Yarjejeniyar Vienna.

VCLT ta bayyana yarjejeniya a matsayin "yarjejeniya ta kasa da kasa da aka kulla tsakanin kasashe [sarauta] a rubuce kuma dokokin kasa da kasa ke tafiyar da su", kuma ta tabbatar da cewa "kowace kasa tana da ikon kulla yarjejeniya." Mataki na 1 na VCLT ya takaita aiwatar da yarjejeniyar zuwa rubutattun yarjejeniyoyin tsakanin jihohi, ban da yarjejeniyoyin da aka kulla tsakanin jihohi da kungiyoyin kasa da kasa ko tsakanin kungiyoyin kasa da kasa

Manazarta

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  1. ↑ Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law
  2. ↑ capt. Enchev, V. (2012), Fundamentals of Maritime Law ISBN 978-954-8991-69-8
  3. ↑ untreaty.un.org, Law of treaties Archived 17 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine, International Law Commission, last update: 30 June 2005. Consulted on 7 December 2008
  4. ↑ Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
  5. ↑ Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
  6. ↑ "Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties"
  7. ↑ "Is the United States a party to the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties?"
  8. ↑ "50 Years Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties". juridicum.univie.ac.at (in German). Retrieved 12 November 2019.
  9. ↑ untreaty.un.org, Law of treaties Archived 17 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine, International Law Commission, last update: 30 June 2005. Consulted on 7 December 2008
  10. ↑ untreaty.un.org, Law of treaties Archived 17 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine, International Law Commission, last update: 30 June 2005. Consulted on 7 December 2008
  11. ↑ Brownlie, Ian (1998). Principles of Public International Law (5th ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 607–08. ISBN 978-0-19-876299
  12. ↑ Aust, Anthony (2006). "Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (1969)". Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (1969). Max Planck Encyclopedias of Public International Law. doi:10.1093/law:epil/9780199231690/e1498. ISBN 9780199231690.
  13. ↑ "Is the United States a party to the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties?",
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