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Yarjejeniyar kan kawar da dukkan nau'o'in nuna bambanci ga mata

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Yarjejeniyar kan kawar da dukkan nau'o'in nuna bambanci ga mata
Asali
Mawallafi General Assembly of the United Nations
Shekarar ƙirƙira 2010
Lokacin bugawa 1979
Characteristics
Harshe Turanci, Rashanci, Faransanci, Yaren Sifen, Sinanci da Larabci
Description
Ɓangaren Dokar 'yancin dan adam ta kasa da kasa
Wuri
Place New York
Muhimmin darasi Haƙƙoƙin Mata
Tarihi

  

Yarjejeniyar kawar da duk wani nau'i na nuna wariya ga mata (CEDAW) yarjejeniya ce ta ƙasa da ƙasa da ta ƙunshi preamble da labarai 30 waɗanda galibi aka sani da dokar haƙƙin mata. [1] Yarjejeniyar ta bayyana nau'ikan wariya ga mata tare da samar da ajanda don kawo karshen wannan wariya. [2] Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta amince da shi a cikin 1979 kuma an kafa shi a ranar 3 ga Satumba 1981, tun lokacin da jihohi 189 suka amince da shi. [3] Yarda da Yarjejeniyar na buƙatar Jihohi da su himmatu wajen kawo ƙarshen wariya ga mata ta kowace fuska ta hanyar ɗaukar matakai kamar: 1) haɗa ƙa'idar daidaito tsakanin maza da mata a cikin tsarin shari'a da soke dokokin wariya da suka rigaya, 2) kafa kotunan shari'a da cibiyoyin jama'a don tabbatar da ingantaccen kariya ga mata daga wariya, kawar da duk wani wariya na dindindin, 3) korar mace ta dindindin. kungiyoyi, ko kamfanoni. [4]

Sama da kasashe 50 da suka amince da yarjejeniyar sun yi hakan ne bisa wasu furucin, dagewa, da ƙin yarda. [5] Misali, 38 na wadancan kasashe sun ki amincewa da aiwatar da Mataki na ashirin da tara, wanda ke magana kan hanyoyin sasanta rigingimun da suka shafi fassarar ko aiwatar da yarjejeniyar. [6] Sanarwar Ostiraliya ta lura da iyakancewar ikon gwamnatin tsakiya sakamakon tsarin tsarin mulkin tarayya. [7]

Amurka da Palau sun rattaba hannu kan CEDAW, amma ba su amince da yarjejeniyar ba. [8] Mai Tsarki, Iran, Somalia, Sudan, da Tonga ba su sanya hannu kan CEDAW ba. [9]

A halin yanzu Ana Pelaez Narvaez yana riƙe da matsayin Shugaban Kwamitin CEDAW. [10]

Babban taron

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Takaitawa

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Yarjejeniyar tana da irin wannan tsari ga Yarjejeniyar kawar da duk wani nau'i na nuna wariyar launin fata, "dukansu dangane da iyakokin muhimman ayyukanta da hanyoyin sa ido na kasa da kasa". An tsara taron a sassa shida tare da jimillar labarai 30. [11]

  • Sashe na I (Labarai na 1-6) yana mai da hankali kan rashin nuna bambanci, ra'ayin jima'i, da fataucin jima'i.
  • Sashi na II (Mataki na 7-9) ya zayyana yancin mata a fagen jama'a tare da mai da hankali kan rayuwar siyasa, wakilci, da haƙƙin ɗan ƙasa.
  • Sashe na uku (Mataki na 10-14) ya bayyana haƙƙoƙin tattalin arziki da zamantakewar mata, musamman mai da hankali kan ilimi, aiki, da lafiya. Kashi na uku kuma ya kunshi kariya ta musamman ga matan karkara da matsalolin da suke fuskanta.
  • Sashe na hudu (Mataki na 15 da 16) ya bayyana ‘yancin mata na samun daidaito a cikin aure da rayuwar iyali tare da ‘yancin daidaito a gaban doka.
  • Sashi na V (Mataki na 17-22) ya kafa kwamitin kawar da wariya ga mata da kuma tsarin bayar da rahoton jam’iyyu na jihohi.
  • Sashe na VI (Mataki na 23 – 30) ya bayyana illolin da taron zai yi kan wasu yarjejeniyoyin, da jajircewar jam’iyyun jihohi da gudanar da taron.

CEDAW tare da UNSCR 1325 da 1820

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Taswirar duniya da ke nuna ƙasashe ta hanyar aiwatar da CEDAW, 2010

Sharuɗɗa 1325 Abubuwan da suka faru na cika shekaru 10 suna nuna amfani da hanyoyin CEDAW [12]

Bikin cika shekaru 10 na ƙudiri mai lamba 1325 a watan Oktoban 2010 ya nuna ƙarin buƙatu na yin lissafin kudiri mai lamba 1325 kan Mata, Zaman Lafiya da Tsaro. Mutane da yawa sun nuna damuwa game da yadda kasashe 22 Membobi ne kawai daga cikin 192 suka amince da tsare-tsaren ayyukan kasa. Har yanzu mata ba su da wakilci, idan ba a nan gaba ɗaya ba, a yawancin shawarwarin zaman lafiya na hukuma da cin zarafin mata a lokacin zaman lafiya da rikice-rikice na ci gaba da ƙaruwa.

Waɗannan haƙiƙanin sun jaddada buƙatar amfani da hanyoyin doka na waje don ƙarfafa aiwatar da SCR 1325, musamman CEDAW. Ingantattun ingantattun hanyoyin CEDAW - rahoton yarda da Jihohin Membobi da tsarin ba da rahoton inuwar ƙungiyoyin jama'a an kawo su azaman kayan aiki mai yuwuwa don tabbatar da alhaki.

Yadda Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Ta Zama Dokar Amurka

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Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta amince da wannan yarjejeniya. [13]

Shugaban Amurka ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar, wanda ke nuni da aniyar Amurka na amincewa da yarjejeniyar. Ma'aikatar Jiha tana shirya rahoton doka tare da shawarwarin tanadi, fahimta, da sanarwa (RUDs). Shugaban kasa ya aika da yarjejeniyar zuwa majalisar dattawa don neman shawara da amincewarta. [14]

Rahotanni

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Hedikwatar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya

A doka ta 18 ta CEDAW dole ne jihohin su kai rahoto ga kwamitin kan ci gaban da suka samu wajen aiwatar da CEDAW a cikin jiharsu. [15] Kamar yadda yawancin bayanan da kwamitin ke aiki da su ke fitowa daga waɗannan rahotanni, an samar da jagororin da za su taimaka wa jihohi shirya sahihan rahotanni masu amfani. [16] Ana buƙatar rahotanni na farko da ke magana game da halin yanzu na nuna wariya ga mata a cikin jihohin da aka ba da rahoto don magance kowane labarin na CEDAW, kuma ya ƙunshi fiye da shafuka ɗari. [15] Ana buƙatar jihohi su shirya da gabatar da waɗannan rahotannin farko a cikin shekara ɗaya na tabbatar da CEDAW. [17] Rahotanni na lokaci-lokaci da ke bayyana ci gaban da jihar ke samu wajen bin kasidun CEDAW bai kamata su wuce shafuka saba'in da biyar ba kuma ya kamata su mai da hankali kan takamaiman lokacin tun daga rahoton karshe na jihar. [15] Jam'iyyar CEDAW yawanci ana buƙatar su ba da rahotanni na lokaci-lokaci a kowace shekara huɗu, amma idan kwamitin ya damu da halin da ake ciki a wannan jihar za su iya neman rahoto a kowane lokaci. [17]

Manazarta

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  1. ↑ "CEDAW: Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women". UN Women. Retrieved 6 August 2025.
  2. ↑ "CEDAW: Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women". UN Women. Retrieved 6 August 2025.
  3. ↑ "CEDAW Ratifications and Obligations". UN Women. Retrieved 6 August 2025.
  4. ↑ "International Treaties". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 6 August 2025.
  5. ↑ "CEDAW Reservations by Country". UN Women via Wayback Machine. Archived from the original on 22 December 2011. Retrieved 6 August 2025.CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
  6. ↑ "CEDAW Reservations by Country". UN Women via Wayback Machine. Archived from the original on 22 December 2011. Retrieved 6 August 2025.CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
  7. ↑ "About". California Commission on the Status of Women and Girls. Retrieved 6 August 2025.
  8. ↑ "CEDAW Ratifications and Obligations". UN Women. Retrieved 6 August 2025.
  9. ↑ "Member States". United Nations. Retrieved 6 August 2025.
  10. ↑ "Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women Opens 2025 Session". UN Geneva. Retrieved 6 August 2025.
  11. ↑ "Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women". ohchr.org. Archived from the original on 7 May 2015. Retrieved 2015-05-08.
  12. ↑ "Ensuring Accountability to UNSCR 1325 and 1820 using CEDAW reporting mechanisms" (PDF). gnwp.org. Global Network of Women Peacebuilders. November 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-05-01. Retrieved 5 July 2014.
  13. ↑ "International Treaties". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 6 August 2025.
  14. ↑ "International Treaties". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 6 August 2025.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 U.N. Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. "Rules of Procedure of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women" (PDF). United Nations. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 July 2012. Retrieved 18 October 2012.
  16. ↑ United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women. "Overview of the current working methods of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women" (PDF). United Nations. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 October 2013. Retrieved 18 October 2012.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 U.N. Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. "Fact Sheet No. 22, Discrimination Against Women: The Convention and the Committee". United Nations. Archived from the original on 7 April 2020. Retrieved 18 October 2012.
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