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Yin farautar Rhino a Assam

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.

Farautar karkanda a Assam haramun ne na kai hari kan karkanda a yankin Assam na Indiya. Farautar karkanda na ɗaya daga cikin manyan lamuran muhalli a Indiya wanda ke ci gaba a yankin Kaziranga National Park, Manas National Park, da kuma wasu ciyayi na Assam. Rhinos na Indiya sun mamaye mafi yawan filayen ambaliya na kogin Indogangetic da Brahmaputra da tsaunin makwabta.

Tarihi

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Sarkin sarakuna na Moghul Babur a kan farautar rhino, karni na 16

Yin farautar wasanni ya zama ruwan dare a ƙarshen 1800s da farkon 1900s. An farautar rhinos na Indiya ba tare da jinkiri ba kuma suna ci gaba. Rahotanni daga tsakiyar karni na 19 sun yi iƙirarin cewa wasu jami'an soja a Assam da kansu sun harbe fiye da 200 rhinos. A shekara ta 1908, yawan jama'a a Kaziranga ya ragu zuwa kusan mutane 12.[1] A farkon shekarun 1900, jinsin sun ƙi zuwa kusan halaka.[2]

Farautar ƙahon karkanda ya zama dalili ɗaya mafi mahimmanci na raguwar karkanda na Indiya bayan da aka aiwatar da matakan kiyayewa daga farkon ƙarni na 20, lokacin da aka kawo ƙarshen farautar doka. Daga 1980 zuwa 1993, an fara farautar karkanda 692 a Indiya. A yankin Laochowa na kasar Indiya an kashe karkanda 41 a shekarar 1983, kusan daukacin mazauna wurin. A tsakiyar shekarun 1990s, farauta ta sa jinsin ya ƙare a can.[3]

Hanyoyin farauta

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An rubuta hanyoyi biyar na kashe rhinos:

  • Yin harbi shine hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita; 'yan kasuwa na ƙaho na rhino suna hayar masu harbi kuma galibi suna ba su bindigogi da takobi.
  • Yin kamawa a cikin rami ya dogara da ƙasa da kuma kasancewar ciyawa don rufe shi; ana tono ramuka ta hanyar da dabba da ta fadi ba ta da damar yin aiki tare da kansa dan kadan sama da rami, don haka yana da sauƙin cirewa daga ƙaho.
  • Ana amfani da wutar lantarki inda manyan layin wutar lantarki suka wuce ta ko kusa da wani yanki mai kariya, wanda masu farauta ke ratsa sandar da aka haɗa da waya, wanda aka dakatar da shi sama da hanyar rhino.
  • Guba ta hanyar shafa guba ta zinc phosphide ko Magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta a kan gishiri da rhinos ke amfani da shi akai-akai.
  • Tare da igiya, wanda ke yanke cikin fata na rhino kuma ya kashe shi ta hanyar maƙurewa.

Dalilan da suka sa

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Sana'ar kahon karkanda ba bisa ka'ida ba ita ce babbar matsalar da manajojin yankunan da ke yankin Assam ke karewa. Bisa ga binciken da Traffic (shirin kiyayewa) da Asusun Duniya na Duniya ya nuna, wasu masu siyan Vietnamese sun yi imanin ƙaho zai zama maganin ciwon daji idan aka niƙa shi da foda mai kyau. A cewar wani bincike da Asusun Duniya na Duniya ya gudanar a Afirka ta Kudu, masu hannu da shuni a Vietnam sun ajiye shi a matsayin maganin "kwantar da hankali".

A cikin 1993, an cire ƙahon karkanda daga jerin sunayen magungunan gargajiya na kasar Sin. Yanzu ana sayar da shi ne kawai a Vietnam sakamakon jita-jita da ba ta da tabbas cewa ƙaho ya warkar da wani babban jami'i a Vietnam daga cutar kansa.[4]

Kididdiga

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Tebur mai zuwa yana nuna lambobin rhino da aka kama a Assam tun 1962:

Shekara Kaziranga Manas Oranges Pobitora Laokhowa Sauran yankuna a Assam Shekara-shekara Jimillar
1962 1 - - - - - 1
1963 1 - - - - - 1
1964 0 - - - - - 0
1965 18 1 - - - - 19
1966 6 0 - - - - 6
1967 12 0 - - - - 12
1968 9 0 - - - - 9
1969 8 0 - - - - 8
1970 2 0 - - - - 2
1971 8 1 - - - - 9
1972 0 0 - - - - 0
1973 3 0 - - - - 3
1974 3 0 - - - - 3
1975 5 0 - - - - 5
1976 1 4 - - - - 5
1977 0 0 - - - - 0
1978 5 1 - - - - 6
1979 2 5 2 0 6 0 15
1980 11 0 3 0 1 3 18
1981 24 2 2 0 6 4 38
1982 25 1 5 0 5 8 44
1983 37 3 4 0 41 7 92
1984 28 4 3 4 0 6 45
1985 44 1 8 2 0 1 56
1986 45 1 3 0 0 4 52
1987 23 7 4 2 0 7 43
1988 24 1 5 4 1 9 44
1989 44 6 3 3 3 8 64
1990 35 2 0 2 0 6 45
1991 23 3 1 1 0 1 29
1992 49 11 2 3 0 2 67
1993 40 22 1 4 0 3 68
1994 ? ? ? 4 ? ? 14
1995 ? ? ? 2 ? ? 27
1996 ? ? ? 5 ? ? 26
1997 ? ? ? 3 ? ? 12
1998 8 ? ? 4 ? ? 12
1999 4 ? ? 6 ? ? 10
2000 14 ? ? 2 ? ? 15
2001 9 ? ? ? ? ? 10
2002 5 ? ? ? ? ? 6
2003 6 ? ? ? ? ? 8
2004 5 ? ? ? ? ? 5
2005 12 ? ? ? ? ? 15
2006 6 ? ? ? ? ? 9
2007 ? ? ? ? ? ? 20
2008 ? ? ? ? ? ? 16
2009 ? ? ? ? ? ? 14
2010 ? ? ? ? ? ? 18
2011 ? ? ? ? ? ? 8
2012 ? ? ? ? ? ? 26
2013 ? ? ? ? ? ? 28
2014 35 3 ? ? ? ? 38
2015 3 ? ? ? ? ? 3
2016 19 1 ? ? ? ? 20

Matakan rigakafi da Gwamnati ta dauka

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Rhinos da ke fitar da su

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Ma'aikatar gandun daji ta Assam ta dauki shawarar cire rhinoceres don ceton shi daga masu farauta a watan Fabrairun 2014. [5]Gwamnatin Assam ta kuma yi kira ga ra'ayin jama'a da wani kwamiti karkashin jagorancin Babban Babban Jami'in kula da gandun daji (Namun daji) zai iya yanke shawara. Yawancin masana muhalli da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu sun yi adawa da shawarar. Shirin bai yi nasara ba.

Dubi kuma

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Bayanan da aka ambata

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  1. ↑ Laurie, W.A.; Lang, E. M.; Groves, C.P. (1983). "Rhinoceros unicornis" (PDF). Mammalian Species. American Society of Mammalogists (211): 1–6. doi:10.2307/3504002. JSTOR 3504002. S2CID 253915386 Check |s2cid= value (help). Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 April 2016. Retrieved 1 June 2013.
  2. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named iucn
  3. ↑ amp. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  4. ↑ Pederson, Stephanie. "Continued Poaching Will Result in the Degradation of Fragile Ecosystems". The International. Archived from the original on 2013-01-28. Retrieved 2013-01-31.
  5. ↑ "Assam to dehorn rhinos to save them". Archived from the original on 9 May 2015. Retrieved 11 June 2014.
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