Yungas na Peru
 Yungas na Peru | |||||
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Yankin Yungas na Peru sun ƙunshi yankin gandun daji mai laushi a cikin Peru.
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A lokacin Daular Inca, kalmar Yunga tana nufin gangaren yamma da gabashin Andes da mazaunansu. A zamanin mulkin mallaka na Mutanen Espanya, ya zama da alaƙa da tuddai na yamma kusa da bakin tekun hamada da Indiyawa na gida. A yau, yunga na iya komawa ga ƙananan gangara a bangarorin biyu na Andes, kodayake yungas galibi suna nuna tuddai na gabas tsakanin Andes da kwarin Amazon, tare da duka biyun sun rasa yawancin kabilansu.
Saitawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ana samun Yungas a kan gangaren gabas da kwari na Andes na Peruvian. Sun samar da yanki na sauyawa tsakanin gandun daji na Kudu maso Yammacin Amazon da gandun daji mai laushi na Ucayali a ƙananan tsaunuka zuwa gabas da Central Andean puna da rigar puna a mafi girman tsaunuka a yamma.[1]
Yanayi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Yanayin yanayi wannan yankin ya bambanta daga Yanayin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi a arewa zuwa Yanayin tsaunuka masu zafi a kudu. Ruwan sama ya kasance daga 500 zuwa 2,000 millimeters (19.7 zuwa 78.7 in) a kowace shekara.[2]
Tsire-tsire
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wannan yankin ya ƙunshi fiye da nau'in shuke-shuke 3,000, gami da nau'ikan orchid 200. Orchid jinsuna sun hada da Epidendrum da Maxillaria . Ferns na itace (Cyathea) da bamboo (Chusquea) sun zama ruwan dare. A ƙasa da mita 2,700 (8,900 , gandun daji ya haɗa da nau'o'in kamar su itacen al'ul (Cedrela), itacen ƙaho (Tabebuia), da dangi na papaya (Carica). Sama da mita 3,500 (11,500 , akwai wuraren da ke da tsaunuka da duwatsu masu laushi tare da shrubs da orchid na ƙasa da kuma gandun daji na Podocarpus conifers.[3]
Dabbobi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wannan yankin ya ƙunshi fiye da nau'in dabbobi 200. Galle na dutse (Rupicola peruviana) ya zama ruwan dare.
Shahararrun dabbobi masu shayarwa sun haɗa da shrew opossums (Caenolestes) da Kalinowski's Agouti (Dasyprocta kalinowskii), da kuma pudú na arewa (Pudu mephistophiles) da kuma gashi mai dogon hanci armadillo (Dasypus pilosus).
Shahararrun nau'o'in da aka samu a nan sun hada da curassow mai ƙaho (Pauxi unicornis), hummingbirds (Metallura theresiae, Heliangelus regalis), owlet mai dogon gemu (Xenoglaux loweryi) da Marañón poison frog (Dendrobates mysteriosus).
Dabbobi masu haɗari da barazana sun haɗa da biri mai launin rawaya (Oreonax flavicauda), jaguar (Panthera onca), ocelot (Leopardus pardalis), beyar kallo (Tremarctos ornatus), otter neotropical (Lontra longicaudis), colocolo (Oncifelis colocolo), zakara na Andean (Rupicola peruviana) da Cinchona sp.).
Wannan yankuna kuma suna da nau'ikan malam buɗe ido daga jinsunan Dismopha, Callithea, Paridos, da Morpho.