Yunkurin kiyaye muhallin ruwa
 Yunkurin kiyaye muhallin ruwa |
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Yunkurin kiyaye ruwa shine kokarin kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da mutane don kawo canjin zamantakewa da muhalli , siyasa a yankin kiyaye ruwa. Ana tunanin kiyaye teku yadda ya kamata a matsayin tsarin dabarun gudanarwa don kariya da adana yanayin halittu a cikin teku da teku. Masu fafutuka suna wayar da kan jama'a da goyon baya ga kiyayewa, yayin da suke tura gwamnatoci da kamfanoni don yin aiki mai kyau na gudanar da teku, ƙirƙirar manufofin kiyayewa, da aiwatar da dokokin da ke akwai da manufofi ta hanyar ingantaccen tsari. Akwai kungiyoyi da hukumomi daban-daban da ke aiki don cimma burin daya. Dukansu suna cikin ɓangaren motsi mai girma wanda shine kiyaye teku. Wadannan kungiyoyi suna gwagwarmaya don dalilai da yawa ciki har da dakatar da gurɓataccen ruwa, Yawan kamun kifi, kifi da kamawa, da tallafawa wuraren da aka kare a cikin ruwa.
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Amurka
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kodayake Yunkurin muhalli ya fara ne a Amurka a cikin shekarun 1960, ra'ayin kiyaye ruwa da gaske bai tashi a cikin ƙasar ba har sai Dokar Kare, Bincike, da Wuri Mai Tsarki (MPRSA) ta 1972 ta wuce, ta fara motsi. Dokar ta ba da izinin ka'idojin da Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Amurka (EPA) ta yi game da zubar da ruwa a cikin teku. Kodayake daga baya aka yi wa aikin gyare-gyare, yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da suka faru don kawo batutuwan ruwa zuwa gaban batutuwan muhalli a Amurka.
Shahararrun mutane
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Jacques Cousteau: Mai bincike, Mai kiyayewa, Mai Bincike & Mawallafi
- Sylvia Earle: Masanin ilimin halittu na ruwa, mai bincike, & marubuci
- Steve Irwin: Mai ilimin halitta, mai kiyayewa, masanin ilimin dabbobi, masanin herpetologist, & Mutumin Talabijin
Ric O'Barry
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ric O'Barry marubucin littattafan Behind the Dolphin Smile da To Free a Dolphin: A Dramatic Case for Keeping Dolphins in their Natural Environment, by the Trainer of "Flipper", dukansu suna mai da hankali kan adana dolphin. O'Barry kuma ta kasance tauraruwar kyautar Oscar, The Cove, wanda ke da niyyar tada tallafin jama'a don hana farautar dolphin.[1][2] A ranar 22 ga Afrilu, 1970, ya kafa Dolphin Project, wata kungiya mai kula da muhalli ta ruwa mai zaman kanta da ke mai da hankali kan jin daɗin dolphins.[3]
Paolo Bray
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wanda ya kafa kuma Darakta na manyan shirye-shiryen takaddun shaida na dorewa: Dolphin-Safe, Abokin Tekun da Abokin Duniya. Mai kula da muhalli da mai gabatar da ayyukan kiyayewa da kamfen.
Tun daga 1990, Daraktan Shirye-shiryen Kasa da Kasa don aikin DOLPHIN-SAFE na Cibiyar Tsibirin Duniya. Aikin ya ceci miliyoyin dolphins daga tarun kamun kifi. Kashi 95% na masana'antar tuna ta duniya sun bi aikin.
A shekara ta 2008 ya kafa Abokin Tekun, babban takardar shaidar kasa da kasa don abincin teku mai ɗorewa kuma wanda kawai ke rufe kamun kifi da kiwon kifi. Takardar shaidar abincin teku kawai da hukumomin ba da izini na kasa suka amince da ita. Kamfanoni sama da 800 a cikin ƙasashe 70 suna da samfuran da aka tabbatar da Abokin Tekun. Tabbatar da jigilar kaya mai ɗorewa, kallon whale, aquaria, kifi mai ban sha'awa. Abokin Duniya yana tallafawa ayyukan kiyayewa
Batutuwan kasa da kasa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Rushewa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
An bayyana tarkace na ruwa a matsayin "duk wani abu mai ƙarfi wanda aka ƙera ko sarrafa shi kuma kai tsaye ko a kaikaice, da gangan ko ba da gangan ba, an zubar da shi ko an watsar da shi cikin yanayin ruwa ko Great Lakes". Wannan tarkace na iya raunata ko ma kashe kwayoyin ruwa; yana iya tsoma baki da aminci na kewayawa kuma yana iya haifar da barazana ga lafiyar ɗan adam. Rushewar ruwa na iya kasancewa daga gwangwani na soda zuwa jaka na filastik kuma yana iya haɗawa da tasoshin da aka watsar ko kayan kamun kifi da aka yi watsi da su.[4]
Ocean Conservancy kungiya ce mai zaman kanta wacce ke gwagwarmaya don ingantawa da kiyaye yanayin halittu na ruwa da Rayuwar ruwa. Suna aiki don neman mafita ta kimiyya don kare tekun duniya daga kalubalen duniya da suke fuskanta a yau.[5] Ɗaya daga cikin batutuwan da suke aiki tare don dakatar da shi shine kwararar shara da ke shiga cikin teku. Tsabtace Tekun Kasa da Kasa (ICC) yana daya daga cikin hanyoyin da Ocean Conservancy ke amfani da su don hana tarkace na ruwa. ICC ita ce babbar kokarin sa kai don tsaftace tekuna da sauran hanyoyin ruwa a duniya; a cikin shekaru 25 da suka gabata ICC ta tsaftace kusan fam 144,606,491 na sharar gida daga rairayin bakin teku a duk duniya.[6]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Ebert, Roger; Shoji, Kaori. "The Cove" (PDF). www.winchesterfilmsociety.co.uk. Winchester Film Society. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
- ↑ Meisner, Mark. "Documentary exploits: this year's Oscar winner, The Cove, is part of Flipper-trainer Ric O'Barry's effort to expose the underbelly of animal stardom". Gale Academic OneFile. Alternatives, Inc. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ↑ "OUR HISTORY". www.dolphinproject.com. Ric O'Barry's Dolphin Project. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
- ↑ Administration, US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric. "What is marine debris?". oceanservice.noaa.gov (in Turanci). Retrieved 2016-12-08.
- ↑ "Ocean Conservancy: What We Do". www.oceanconservancy.org. Retrieved 2016-12-08.
- ↑ "Ocean Conservancy: Fighting for Trash Free Seas". www.oceanconservancy.org. Retrieved 2016-12-08.