Zanga-zangar Iran game da tilas na hijab
 | |
| Iri | Zanga-zanga |
|---|---|
| Kwanan watan | 27 Disamba 2017 – |
| Wuri | Iran, Iran |
| Ƙasa | Iran |
Participant (en)  | |
| Yanar gizo | dokhtaraneenghelab.com |
| # (mul) | #دختر_خیابان_انقلاب_کجاست, #دختر_خیابان_انقلاب, #ویدا_موحد, #VidaMovahed, #دختر_میدان_فردوسی da #دختران_خیابان_انقلاب |
Zanga-zangar 'yan mata na Enghelab Zanga-zanga ne game da hijabi na tilas a Iran, wani ɓangare na motsawar siyasar Dimokuradiyya a Iran. Vida Movahed, wata mace 'yar Iran da aka fi sani da Yarinyar hanyar Enghelab (Persian), wacce ta tsaya a cikin a bainar jama'a kan akwatin Yau da kullum a Enghelab (Titin juyin juya hali) a garinTehran a ranar 27 ga Disamba 2017 a lokacin zanga-zangar Iran ta shekarar 2017 zuwa 2018 wacce ta ɗaure farin hijabi ga sanda kuma ta yigirgiza shi a matsayin tutar.
An kama ta a wannan rana kuma an sako ta na wucin gadi kan beli wata daya bayan wannan a ranar 28 ga Janairun shekarar 2018. Wasu mutanen sun fassara abin da Movahed tayi kamar yanada alaƙa ne akan kiran Masih Alinejad na Hirar farar Laraba, yunkurin zanga-zangar da mai gabatarwa a VOA Persian Television ya fara a farkon 2017. Sauran mata daga baya sun sake nuna zanga-zangar ta kuma sun sanya hotuna na ayyukansu a kafofin sada zumunta. Wadannan mata an bayyana su a matsayin "yan matan titin Enghelab " da kuma "yan matan titin juyin juya hali" [1] Wasu daga cikin masu zanga-zangar duk da haka sun yi iƙirarin cewa ba mabiya kiran Masih Alinejad bane. zanga-zangar ta kara tsanani a shekarar 2022 saboda mutuwar Mahsa Amini.
Alamomi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Alamar Tsaro ga 'yan mata dake juyin juya hali akan titi
Dokar Shari'a ta Jamhuriyar Musulunci
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A karkashin tsarin shari'a na Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran da aka ɗora jim kadan bayan Juyin Juya Halin Iran na 1979, Maƙala ta 638 na littafi na 5 na Dokar Shari'ar Musulunci, wanda ake kira "hukuncin takunkumi da tsarewa ", ya bayyana cewa mata da ba su saka hijabi ba za a iya kulle su gidan gyaran hali daga kwanaki goma zuwa watanni biyu kuma / ko kuma su biya tarar daga Rls.50,000 zuwa Rls.500,000. Tarar ana sake lissafin ta a kotuna don yin la'akari da hau-hawar farashi. Cibiyar Bayanai ta Shari'a ta Makarantar Shari'a ce ta fassara kuma ta buga wannan.[2]
Sashi na 639 na irin wannan littafin yana cewa, za a yanke wa mutane iri biyu hukuncin shekara guda zuwa shekaru goma a kurkuku; na farko mutumin da ya kafa ko ya jagoranci wurin ko karuwanci, na biyu, mutumin da ke taimakawa ko ƙarfafa mutane su aikata ko karuwanci.
Waɗannan su ne wasu daga cikin dokokin da aka tuhumi wasu masu zanga-zangar. A lokacin juyin juya halin Iran a 1979, an yi amfani da hukunci a matsayin hanyar nuna rashin amincewa da gwamnatin Pahlavi.
Kafin juyin juya halin Iran, a lokacin mulkin Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, hijabi ba tilas ba ne, kodayake wasu matan Iran a wannan lokacin suna saka kallabi ko Chador domin rufe kai
Bayan gwagwarmayar kafa Gwamnatin Musulunci a shekarar 1979, hijabi a hankali ya fara zama tilas. A shekara ta 1979, Ruhollah Khomeini ya ba da sanarwar cewa ya kamata mata su kiyaye dokokin saka tufafin Musulunci; Sanarwarshi ta haifar yiwuwar zanga-zangar na Ranar Mata ta Duniya ta 1979 a Tehran, wanda tabbacin gwamnati ya bayyana cewa sanarwar shawarwari ne kawai. A hankali daga baya aka sanya Hijab a matsayin tilas a ga ma aikatan Gwamnati da ofisoshi a cikin 1980, kuma a cikin 1983 ya zama tilas ga dukkan mata.
A shekarar 2018, Gwamnati ta fitar da wani binciken da gwamnati ta gudanar tun daga shekarar 2014, wanda ya nuna cewa kashi 49.8% na 'yan Iran suna sukar dokar saka hijabi na tilas ko na wajibi rahoton ya fito ne daga Cibiyar Nazarin Dabarun bincike, ofishin Shugaban Iran, ce ta fitar da rahoton, kuma an kira shi "Rahoton taron na musamman na hijabi na farko" a watan Yulin 2014 a cikin tsarin PDF.
A ranar 2 ga Fabrairu na shekarar 2018, wani zabe da Cibiyar Nazarin Kasa da Kasa da Tsaro a Maryland (CISSM) ta gudanar ya nuna cewa wasu 'yan Iran sun amince da "canja tsarin siyasa na Iran ko kuma sassauta dokar Islama masu tsauri".[3]
Wani bincike mai zaman kansa da GAMAAN ya gudanar a shekarar 2020 ya nuna cewa kashi 58% na 'yan Iran ba su yi imani da hijab gaba ɗaya ba, kuma kashi 72% sun saba wa dokokin hijab. Kashi 15% ne kawai suka nace kan wajibin doka na sa shi a fili.[4]
Iran ita ce kadai kasar a duniya da ke buƙatar matan da ba Musulmai ba su sa hijabi. A watan Janairun 2018, wata mawaƙiya ta kasar Sin tana sanya da baƙin kallabi a kan kanta bayan hijabi ta fadi a tsakiyar gudanar da wasan kwaikwayon ta. An bayyana taron a matsayin "Abin mamaki", "Tozartawa", da kuma "kunyatarwa".[5]
Jerin lokaci
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]27 ga Disamba
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A ranar 27 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2017, hotunan Movahed tana girgiza Hijabinta sun bazu ta hanyar i koyar "tana ina ?" Tare da kalmomi makamantansu (#__yue____yue____yan____yue__ Yaren____yueze_کجاست, "Ina yarinyar titin Enghelab take " da yaren fasha) a kafofin sada zumunta. Duk da yake da farko ba a san ta ba sosai, bayan kwanaki, Nasrin Sotoudeh, mai fafutakar kare hakkin dan adam kuma lauya wanda aka kama shi, ya gano cewa matar tana da shekaru 31 kuma an kama ta tare da jaririn ta da ke da watanni 19 da haihuwa.
Janairu 2018
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]28 ga Janairu
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ranar 28 ga watan Janairun na shekarar 2018, a cewar Nasrin Sotoudeh, lauyan da ke binciken shari'ar, yace an saki Vida Movahed; na ɗan lokaci a matsayin beli.
A ranar 29 na Janairun shekarar 2018, an sake kama wata mata a Tehran bayan ƙoƙarin ƙarfafa zanga-zangar Movahed ta hanyar tsayawa a kan wannan akwatin na titin Enqelab, ta cire farin Hijab din ta ta sakashi shi akan sanda ta ɗauki hotunan da aka sanya a kafofin sada zumunta domin nuna cewa akalla wasu mata uku sun sake nuna zanga-zangar Movahed a Tehran ta ranar 29 ga Janairu, tare da wata kusa da filin wasa na Ferdowsi Square.
A cewar Nasrin Sotoudeh mace ta biyu da aka kama a ranar 30 ga watan Janairun 2018, sunan ta Narges Hosseini me shekaru 32 .
A ranar 30 ga watan Janairun shekarar 2018, mata da yawa, har da maza, sunyi zanga-zanga rashin yarda da dokar wajibcin hijabi ta hanyar sake bin sawun Movahed. Wannan ya faru ne a garin Tehran, da sauran biranen da suka hada da Esfahan da Shiraz.
A ranar 1 ga watan Fabrairu na shekarar 2018 sashen jami'an 'yan sanda na Iran sun bayyana cewar sun kama mata 29 sakamakon laifin cire hijabin su akan titi.
A bayanan da aka samu daga Nasrin Sotoudeh, lauyan Iran, Narges Hosseini wacce akafi sani da yarinya ta biyu ta titin Enghelab, me shekaru 32 ta gaza biyan kudin belin Dalar Amurka $ 135,000 da alƙali da ke jagorantar shari'ar ya kafa mata , zata fuskanci yiwuwar shekaru goma kurkuku da bulala 74 a kan tuhumar da ake mata da haɗa da yin zunubi a bainar jama'a.
A Ranar 15 ga Fabrairu na shekarar 2018 An sake yaɗa Sababbin hotuna da bidiyoyi a kafafen sada zumunta suna nuna wata mata tana sake yin zanga-zangar Movahed a wannan titin na Enghelab Street (Titin juyin juya hali) me suna Azam Jangravi, bidiyon ya nuna cewa 'yan sanda sun sauko ta da ita cikin fushi. A sabon hotonta na Instagram da ta ɗora ta ce tanacikin ɓangaren farfaɗo da martabar matan Iran masu Shugabanni kuma ba ta karɓi umarni daga wani a ciki ko a waje da ƙasar ba, ta ce tana yin hakan ne don nuna rashin yarda da wajibcin hijabi.
Halin da aka yi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
zanga-zangar 'yan mata na Enghelab zanga-zanga ne game da hijabi na tilas a Iran, wani ɓangare na motsawar siyasar Dimokuradiyya a Iran. Vida Movahed, wata mace 'yar Iran da aka fi sani da Yarinyar hanyar Enghelab (Persian), wacce ta tsaya a cikin a bainar jama'a kan akwatin Yau da kullum a Enghelab (Titin juyin juya hali) a garinTehran a ranar 27 ga Disamba 2017 a lokacin zanga-zangar Iran ta shekarar 2017 zuwa 2018 wacce ta ɗaure farin hijabi ga sanda kuma ta yigirgiza shi a matsayin tutar.
An kama ta a wannan rana kuma an sako ta na wucin gadi kan beli wata daya bayan wannan a ranar 28 ga Janairun shekarar 2018. Wasu mutanen sun fassara abin da Movahed tayi kamar yanada alaƙa ne akan kiran Masih Alinejad na Hirar farar Laraba, yunkurin zanga-zangar da mai gabatarwa a VOA Persian Television ya fara a farkon 2017. Sauran mata daga baya sun sake nuna zanga-zangar ta kuma sun sanya hotuna na ayyukansu a kafofin sada zumunta. Wadannan mata an bayyana su a matsayin "yan matan titin Enghelab " da kuma "yan matan titin juyin juya hali" [6] Wasu daga cikin masu zanga-zangar duk da haka sun yi iƙirarin cewa ba mabiya kiran Masih Alinejad bane. zanga-zangar ta kara tsanani a shekarar 2022 saboda mutuwar Mahsa Amini.
Alamomi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Alamar Tsaro ga 'yan mata dake juyin juya hali akan titi
Dokar Shari'a ta Jamhuriyar Musulunci
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A karkashin tsarin shari'a na Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran da aka ɗora jim kadan bayan Juyin Juya Halin Iran na 1979, Maƙala ta 638 na littafi na 5 na Dokar Shari'ar Musulunci, wanda ake kira "hukuncin takunkumi da tsarewa ", ya bayyana cewa mata da ba su saka hijabi ba za a iya kulle su gidan gyaran hali daga kwanaki goma zuwa watanni biyu kuma / ko kuma su biya tarar daga Rls.50,000 zuwa Rls.500,000. Tarar ana sake lissafin ta a kotuna don yin la'akari da hau-hawar farashi. Cibiyar Bayanai ta Shari'a ta Makarantar Shari'a ce ta fassara kuma ta buga wannan.[7]
Sashi na 639 na irin wannan littafin yana cewa, za a yanke wa mutane iri biyu hukuncin shekara guda zuwa shekaru goma a kurkuku; na farko mutumin da ya kafa ko ya jagoranci wurin ko karuwanci, na biyu, mutumin da ke taimakawa ko ƙarfafa mutane su aikata ko karuwanci.
Waɗannan su ne wasu daga cikin dokokin da aka tuhumi wasu masu zanga-zangar. A lokacin juyin juya halin Iran a 1979, an yi amfani da hukunci a matsayin hanyar nuna rashin amincewa da gwamnatin Pahlavi.
Kafin juyin juya halin Iran, a lokacin mulkin Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, hijabi ba tilas ba ne, kodayake wasu matan Iran a wannan lokacin suna sanye da sutura ko Chador.
Bayan gwagwarmayar kafa Gwamnatin Musulunci a shekarar 1979, hijabi a hankali ya fara zama tilas. A shekara ta 1979, Ruhollah Khomeini ya ba da sanarwar cewa ya kamata mata su kiyaye dokokin saka tufafin Musulunci; Sanarwarshi ta haifar yiwuwar zanga-zangar na Ranar Mata ta Duniya ta 1979 a Tehran, wanda tabbacin gwamnati ya bayyana cewa sanarwar shawarwari ne kawai. A hankali daga baya aka sanya Hijab a matsayin tilas a ga ma aikatan Gwamnati da ofisoshi a cikin 1980, kuma a cikin 1983 ya zama tilas ga dukkan mata.
A shekarar 2018, Gwamnati ta fitar da wani binciken da gwamnati ta gudanar tun daga shekarar 2014, wanda ya nuna cewa kashi 49.8% na 'yan Iran suna sukar dokar saka hijabi na tilas ko na wajibi rahoton ya fito ne daga Cibiyar Nazarin Dabarun bincike, ofishin Shugaban Iran, ce ta fitar da rahoton, kuma an kira shi "Rahoton taron na musamman na hijabi na farko" a watan Yulin 2014 a cikin tsarin PDF.
A ranar 2 ga Fabrairu na shekarar 2018, wani zabe da Cibiyar Nazarin Kasa da Kasa da Tsaro a Maryland (CISSM) ta gudanar ya nuna cewa wasu 'yan Iran sun amince da "canja tsarin siyasa na Iran ko kuma sassauta dokar Islama masu tsauri".[3]
Wani bincike mai zaman kansa da GAMAAN ya gudanar a shekarar 2020 ya nuna cewa kashi 58% na 'yan Iran ba su yi imani da hijab gaba ɗaya ba, kuma kashi 72% sun saba wa dokokin hijab. Kashi 15% ne kawai suka nace kan wajibin doka na sa shi a fili.[8]
Iran ita ce kadai kasar a duniya da ke buƙatar matan da ba Musulmai ba su sa hijabi. A watan Janairun 2018, wata mawaƙiya ta kasar Sin tana sanya da baƙin kallabi a kan kanta bayan hijabi ta fadi a tsakiyar gudanar da wasan kwaikwayon ta. An bayyana taron a matsayin "Abin mamaki", "Tozartawa", da kuma "kunyatarwa".[9]
Jerin lokaci
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]27 ga Disamba
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A ranar 27 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2017, hotunan Movahed tana girgiza Hijabinta sun bazu ta hanyar i koyar "tana ina ?" Tare da kalmomi makamantansu (#__yue____yue____yan____yue__ Yaren____yueze_کجاست, "Ina yarinyar titin Enghelab take " da yaren fasha) a kafofin sada zumunta. Duk da yake da farko ba a san ta ba sosai, bayan kwanaki, Nasrin Sotoudeh, mai fafutakar kare hakkin dan adam kuma lauya wanda aka kama shi, ya gano cewa matar tana da shekaru 31 kuma an kama ta tare da jaririn ta da ke da watanni 19 da haihuwa.
Janairu 2018
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]28 ga Janairu
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ranar 28 ga watan Janairun na shekarar 2018, a cewar Nasrin Sotoudeh, lauyan da ke binciken shari'ar, yace an saki Vida Movahed; na ɗan lokaci a matsayin beli.
A ranar 29 na Janairun shekarar 2018, an sake kama wata mata a Tehran bayan ƙoƙarin ƙarfafa zanga-zangar Movahed ta hanyar tsayawa a kan wannan akwatin na titin Enqelab, ta cire farin Hijab din ta ta sakashi shi akan sanda ta ɗauki hotunan da aka sanya a kafofin sada zumunta domin nuna cewa akalla wasu mata uku sun sake nuna zanga-zangar Movahed a Tehran ta ranar 29 ga Janairu, tare da wata kusa da filin wasa na Ferdowsi Square.
A cewar Nasrin Sotoudeh mace ta biyu da aka kama a ranar 30 ga watan Janairun 2018, sunan ta Narges Hosseini me shekaru 32 .
A ranar 30 ga watan Janairun shekarar 2018, mata da yawa, har da maza, sunyi zanga-zanga rashin yarda da dokar wajibcin hijabi ta hanyar sake bin sawun Movahed. Wannan ya faru ne a garin Tehran, da sauran biranen da suka hada da Esfahan da Shiraz.
A ranar 1 ga watan Fabrairu na shekarar 2018 sashen jami'an 'yan sanda na Iran sun bayyana cewar sun kama mata 29 sakamakon laifin cire hijabin su akan titi.
A bayanan da aka samu daga Nasrin Sotoudeh, lauyan Iran, Narges Hosseini wacce akafi sani da yarinya ta biyu ta titin Enghelab, me shekaru 32 ta gaza biyan kudin belin Dalar Amurka $ 135,000 da alƙali da ke jagorantar shari'ar ya kafa mata , zata fuskanci yiwuwar shekaru goma kurkuku da bulala 74 a kan tuhumar da ake mata da haɗa da yin zunubi a bainar jama'a.
A Ranar 15 ga Fabrairu na shekarar 2018 An sake yaɗa Sababbin hotuna da bidiyoyi a kafafen sada zumunta suna nuna wata mata tana sake yin zanga-zangar Movahed a wannan titin na Enghelab Street (Titin juyin juya hali) me suna Azam Jangravi, bidiyon ya nuna cewa 'yan sanda sun sauko ta da ita cikin fushi. A sabon hotonta na Instagram da ta ɗora ta ce tanacikin ɓangaren farfaɗo da martabar matan Iran masu Shugabanni kuma ba ta karɓi umarni daga wani a ciki ko a waje da ƙasar ba, ta ce tana yin hakan ne don nuna rashin yarda da wajibcin hijabi.
Kasar kasa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Babban mai gabatar da kara na Iran, Mohammad Jafar Montazeri ya mayar da martani ga zanga-zangar a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun 2018 ta hanyar kiran su "marasa muhimmanci" da "yara" motsi da baƙi suka zuga.[10]
- Mataimakin kakakin majalisa, Ali Motahari, ya ce a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun 2018 cewa babu wani hijabi na tilas a Iran, tunda mata za su nuna suna sanye da duk abin da suke so.
- Wani memba na majalisar dokokin Iran, Soheila Jolodarzadeh ya ce a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun 2018 cewa zanga-zangar ta samo asali ne daga ƙuntata mata ba dole ba.
- Mai magana da yawun Shari'a Iran, Gholam-Hossein Mohseni-Eje'i a ranar 4 ga Fabrairu 2018 ya ce wasu daga cikin matan da aka kama suna kan "magunguna masu guba"; ya kuma bayyana cewa idan an tabbatar da cewa an shirya zanga-zangarsu, laifin su zai fi tsanani.
- Shugaba Hassan Rouhani ya ce a ranar 11 ga Fabrairu, ranar cika shekaru 39 na juyin juya halin Musulunci, cewa a karkashin Mataki na 59 na kundin tsarin mulki, duk wani rikici a cikin al'ummar Iran za a iya warware shi ta hanyar raba gardama ta kundin tsarin mulki.
- Babban 'yar wasan kwaikwayo da kuma darektan Iran Marzieh Boroumand ta bayyana a ranar 14 ga Fabrairu 2018 cewa tana adawa da hijabi na tilas amma ba ta goyi bayan jagorancin Masih Alinejad a kan motsi ba. Ta yi imanin cewa Alinejad tana ƙoƙarin haɗa duk zanga-zangar da ke cikin ƙasar da nata ta hanyar gaya wa gwamnati cewa masu zanga-zambe suna karɓar umarni daga gare ta.
- Nahid Khodakarami, wata uwargidan Iran kuma memba na Majalisar Birnin Tehran ta ce zabar tufafinsu shine mafi sauki da mata za su iya samu. Halin da ta yi game da bidiyon kama Azam Jangravi shine "Wane ne ke da zunubi, gashin Azam Jangavi ko hannun mutumin?"
- Wani masanin kimiyya - "Wane ne kuma bisa ga wane sashi na doka ya ba 'yan sanda damar fitar da wannan mace kamar haka?", ya tambayi Abdollah Ramezanzadeh a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu 2018.
- Seyyed Mehdi Tabatabaei, wani malamin Shia na Iran ya mayar da martani ga kamawar a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu 2018 ta hanyar cewa hijab abin da ake buƙata ne a cikin Islama, yayin da yake tambayar aikin tilasta shi a kan mutane.
- 'Yan sanda na Iran sun yi gargadi a hukumance a ranar 23 ga Fabrairu 2018 cewa hukuncin cire hijabi ya kai shekaru 10 a kurkuku, bisa ga Mataki na 639 na doka.
- Jaridar Ghanoon (Dokar) ta buga babban labarin shafi a ranar 24 ga Fabrairu 2018 wanda Mehrshad Imani ya rubuta, mai taken "Kada ku kira mutane marasa galihu masu karuwanci," bisa ga Mataki na 639 na dokar.
- A cikin jawabi a Jami'ar Isfahan a cikin 2018, Farhad Meysamy ya kira kungiyar Girls of Enghelab Street misali ne na ƙungiyoyin farar hula marasa tashin hankali.
Kasashen Duniya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Amnesty International a ranar 24 ga watan Janairun 2018 ta yi kira ga gwamnatin Iran da ta saki matar da aka kama ba tare da wani sharadi ba. A ranar 2 ga Fabrairu 2018 Amnesty International ta sake maimaita sanarwarsu don sakin masu kare hakkin dan adam shida ciki har da mai zanga-zangar Shima Babaei, wanda aka kama a ranar 1 ga Fabrairun 2018 .
- Heather Nauert, mai magana da yawun Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka, ta fitar da wata sanarwa a ranar 2 ga Fabrairu 2018 inda ta yi Allah wadai da "kayan da aka ruwaito na akalla mutane 29 saboda yin amfani da hakkinsu na ɗan adam da 'yanci na asali ta hanyar tsayawa a kan hijabi na tilas".
- A ranar 6 ga watan Fabrairun 2018, wani kamfen a kan kafofin sada zumunta tare da hashtag #NoHijabDay ya kasance, tare da mata daga ko'ina cikin duniya suna ƙone hijabs din su don nuna hadin kai ga matan Iran da aka tilasta su sa hijab.
- Darakta na Shirin Gabas ta Tsakiya a Cibiyar Wilson, Haleh Esfandiari wani Ba'amurke da aka haifa a Iran da ke zaune a Washington ya bayyana a wata hira da aka yi da Axios a watan Fabrairun 2018 cewa ra'ayinta shi ne cewa zanga-zangar tana haifar da tashin hankali amma ba motsi ba ne tukuna.
- Sarah Leah Whitson, tsohon darakta na sashen Gabas ta Tsakiya na Human Rights Watch, ya nemi a ranar 24 ga Fabrairu 2018 don gwamnatin Iran ta sauke tuhumar da ake yi wa masu zanga-zangar.
- Mambobin Majalisar Tarayyar Turai 45 a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu 2018 sun yi kira ga Shugaba na Manufofin Harkokin Waje na Tarayyar Tarayyar EU Federica Mogherini don tallafawa zanga-zangar Mata ta Iran ta Anti-Tiligatory-Hijab.
Background
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
zanga-zangar 'yan mata na Enghelab zanga-zanga ne game da hijabi na tilas a Iran, wani ɓangare na motsawar siyasar Dimokuradiyya a Iran. Vida Movahed, wata mace 'yar Iran da aka fi sani da Yarinyar hanyar Enghelab (Persian), wacce ta tsaya a cikin a bainar jama'a kan akwatin Yau da kullum a Enghelab (Titin juyin juya hali) a garinTehran a ranar 27 ga Disamba 2017 a lokacin zanga-zangar Iran ta shekarar 2017 zuwa 2018 wacce ta ɗaure farin hijabi ga sanda kuma ta yigirgiza shi a matsayin tutar.
An kama ta a wannan rana kuma an sako ta na wucin gadi kan beli wata daya bayan wannan a ranar 28 ga Janairun shekarar 2018. Wasu mutanen sun fassara abin da Movahed tayi kamar yanada alaƙa ne akan kiran Masih Alinejad na Hirar farar Laraba, yunkurin zanga-zangar da mai gabatarwa a VOA Persian Television ya fara a farkon 2017. Sauran mata daga baya sun sake nuna zanga-zangar ta kuma sun sanya hotuna na ayyukansu a kafofin sada zumunta. Wadannan mata an bayyana su a matsayin "yan matan titin Enghelab " da kuma "yan matan titin juyin juya hali" [11] Wasu daga cikin masu zanga-zangar duk da haka sun yi iƙirarin cewa ba mabiya kiran Masih Alinejad bane. zanga-zangar ta kara tsanani a shekarar 2022 saboda mutuwar Mahsa Amini.
Alamomi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Alamar Tsaro ga 'yan mata dake juyin juya hali akan titi
Dokar Shari'a ta Jamhuriyar Musulunci
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A karkashin tsarin shari'a na Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran da aka ɗora jim kadan bayan Juyin Juya Halin Iran na 1979, Maƙala ta 638 na littafi na 5 na Dokar Shari'ar Musulunci, wanda ake kira "hukuncin takunkumi da tsarewa ", ya bayyana cewa mata da ba su saka hijabi ba za a iya kulle su gidan gyaran hali daga kwanaki goma zuwa watanni biyu kuma / ko kuma su biya tarar daga Rls.50,000 zuwa Rls.500,000. Tarar ana sake lissafin ta a kotuna don yin la'akari da hau-hawar farashi. Cibiyar Bayanai ta Shari'a ta Makarantar Shari'a ce ta fassara kuma ta buga wannan.[12]
Sashi na 639 na irin wannan littafin yana cewa, za a yanke wa mutane iri biyu hukuncin shekara guda zuwa shekaru goma a kurkuku; na farko mutumin da ya kafa ko ya jagoranci wurin ko karuwanci, na biyu, mutumin da ke taimakawa ko ƙarfafa mutane su aikata ko karuwanci.
Waɗannan su ne wasu daga cikin dokokin da aka tuhumi wasu masu zanga-zangar. A lokacin juyin juya halin Iran a 1979, an yi amfani da hukunci a matsayin hanyar nuna rashin amincewa da gwamnatin Pahlavi.
Kafin juyin juya halin Iran, a lokacin mulkin Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, hijabi ba tilas ba ne, kodayake wasu matan Iran a wannan lokacin suna sanye da sutura ko Chador.
Bayan juyin juya halin Musulunci na shekarar 1979, a hankali sanya hijabi ya zama wajibi. A shekara ta 1979, Ruhollah Khumaini ya ba da sanarwar cewa mata su kiyaye tufafin Musulunci; Bayanin nasa ya haifar da zanga-zanga, zanga-zangar ranar mata ta duniya a Tehran a shekara ta 1979, wanda gwamnati ta tabbatar da cewa wannan magana shawara ce kawai. Daga baya an sanya hijabi a cikin ma'aikatun gwamnati da na gwamnati a 1980, kuma a cikin 1983 ya zama wajibi ga dukkan mata.
A shekarar 2018, wani bincike da gwamnati ta gudanar tun daga shekarar 2014, shugaban kasar Hassan Rouhani ya fitar, wanda ya nuna cewa kashi 49.8% na Iraniyawa sun sabawa hijabi na tilas ko kuma na tilas. Cibiyar Nazarin Dabaru, sashin bincike na ofishin shugaban kasar Iran ne ta fitar da rahoton, kuma an yi masa lakabi da "Rahoton taron musamman na hijabi na farko" a watan Yulin 2014 a cikin tsarin PDF.
A ranar 2 ga Fabrairu na shekarar 2018, wani zabe da Cibiyar Nazarin Kasa da Kasa da Tsaro a Maryland (CISSM) ta gudanar ya nuna cewa wasu 'yan Iran sun amince da "canja tsarin siyasa na Iran ko kuma sassauta dokar Islama masu tsauri".[3]
Wani bincike mai zaman kansa da GAMAAN ya gudanar a shekarar 2020 ya nuna cewa kashi 58% na 'yan Iran ba su yi imani da hijab gaba ɗaya ba, kuma kashi 72% sun saba wa dokokin hijab. Kashi 15% ne kawai suka nace kan wajibin doka na sa shi a fili.[13]
Iran ita ce kadai kasar a duniya da ke buƙatar matan da ba Musulmai ba su sa hijabi. A watan Janairun 2018, wata mawaƙiya ta kasar Sin tana sanya da baƙin kallabi a kan kanta bayan hijabi ta fadi a tsakiyar gudanar da wasan kwaikwayon ta. An bayyana taron a matsayin "Abin mamaki", "Tozartawa", da kuma "kunyatarwa".[14]
Jerin lokaci
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]27 ga Disamba
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A ranar 27 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2017, hotunan Movahed tana girgiza Hijabinta sun bazu ta hanyar i koyar "tana ina ?" Tare da kalmomi makamantansu (#__yue____yue____yan____yue__ Yaren____yueze_کجاست, "Ina yarinyar titin Enghelab take " da yaren fasha) a kafofin sada zumunta. Duk da yake da farko ba a san ta ba sosai, bayan kwanaki, Nasrin Sotoudeh, mai fafutakar kare hakkin dan adam kuma lauya wanda aka kama shi, ya gano cewa matar tana da shekaru 31 kuma an kama ta tare da jaririn ta da ke da watanni 19 da haihuwa.
Janairu 2018
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]28 ga Janairu
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ranar 28 ga watan Janairun na shekarar 2018, a cewar Nasrin Sotoudeh, lauyan da ke binciken shari'ar, yace an saki Vida Movahed; na ɗan lokaci a matsayin beli.
A ranar 29 na Janairun shekarar 2018, an sake kama wata mata a Tehran bayan ƙoƙarin ƙarfafa zanga-zangar Movahed ta hanyar tsayawa a kan wannan akwatin na titin Enqelab, ta cire farin Hijab din ta ta sakashi shi akan sanda ta ɗauki hotunan da aka sanya a kafofin sada zumunta domin nuna cewa akalla wasu mata uku sun sake nuna zanga-zangar Movahed a Tehran ta ranar 29 ga Janairu, tare da wata kusa da filin wasa na Ferdowsi Square.
A cewar Nasrin Sotoudeh mace ta biyu da aka kama a ranar 30 ga watan Janairun 2018, sunan ta Narges Hosseini me shekaru 32 .
A ranar 30 ga watan Janairun shekarar 2018, mata da yawa, har da maza, sunyi zanga-zanga rashin yarda da dokar wajibcin hijabi ta hanyar sake bin sawun Movahed. Wannan ya faru ne a garin Tehran, da sauran biranen da suka hada da Esfahan da Shiraz.
A ranar 1 ga watan Fabrairu na shekarar 2018 sashen jami'an 'yan sanda na Iran sun bayyana cewar sun kama mata 29 sakamakon laifin cire hijabin su akan titi.
A bayanan da aka samu daga Nasrin Sotoudeh, lauyan Iran, Narges Hosseini wacce akafi sani da yarinya ta biyu ta titin Enghelab, me shekaru 32 ta gaza biyan kudin belin Dalar Amurka $ 135,000 da alƙali da ke jagorantar shari'ar ya kafa mata , zata fuskanci yiwuwar shekaru goma kurkuku da bulala 74 a kan tuhumar da ake mata da haɗa da yin zunubi a bainar jama'a.
A Ranar 15 ga Fabrairu na shekarar 2018 An sake yaɗa Sababbin hotuna da bidiyoyi a kafafen sada zumunta suna nuna wata mata tana sake yin zanga-zangar Movahed a wannan titin na Enghelab Street (Titin juyin juya hali) me suna Azam Jangravi, bidiyon ya nuna cewa 'yan sanda sun sauko ta da ita cikin fushi. A sabon hotonta na Instagram da ta ɗora ta ce tanacikin ɓangaren farfaɗo da martabar matan Iran masu Shugabanni kuma ba ta karɓi umarni daga wani a ciki ko a waje da ƙasar ba, ta ce tana yin hakan ne don nuna rashin yarda da wajibcin hijabi.
Kasar kasa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Babban mai gabatar da kara na Iran, Mohammad Jafar Montazeri ya mayar da martani ga zanga-zangar a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun 2018 ta hanyar kiran su "marasa muhimmanci" da "yara" motsi da baƙi suka zuga.[15]
- Mataimakin kakakin majalisa, Ali Motahari, ya ce a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun 2018 cewa babu wani hijabi na tilas a Iran, tunda mata za su nuna suna sanye da duk abin da suke so.
- Wani memba na majalisar dokokin Iran, Soheila Jolodarzadeh ya ce a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun 2018 cewa zanga-zangar ta samo asali ne daga ƙuntata mata ba dole ba.
- Mai magana da yawun Shari'a Iran, Gholam-Hossein Mohseni-Eje'i a ranar 4 ga Fabrairu 2018 ya ce wasu daga cikin matan da aka kama suna kan "magunguna masu guba"; ya kuma bayyana cewa idan an tabbatar da cewa an shirya zanga-zangarsu, laifin su zai fi tsanani.
- Shugaba Hassan Rouhani ya ce a ranar 11 ga Fabrairu, ranar cika shekaru 39 na juyin juya halin Musulunci, cewa a karkashin Mataki na 59 na kundin tsarin mulki, duk wani rikici a cikin al'ummar Iran za a iya warware shi ta hanyar raba gardama ta kundin tsarin mulki.
- Babban 'yar wasan kwaikwayo da kuma darektan Iran Marzieh Boroumand ta bayyana a ranar 14 ga Fabrairu 2018 cewa tana adawa da hijabi na tilas amma ba ta goyi bayan jagorancin Masih Alinejad a kan motsi ba. Ta yi imanin cewa Alinejad tana ƙoƙarin haɗa duk zanga-zangar da ke cikin ƙasar da nata ta hanyar gaya wa gwamnati cewa masu zanga-zambe suna karɓar umarni daga gare ta.
- Nahid Khodakarami, wata uwargidan Iran kuma memba na Majalisar Birnin Tehran ta ce zabar tufafinsu shine mafi sauki da mata za su iya samu. Halin da ta yi game da bidiyon kama Azam Jangravi shine "Wane ne ke da zunubi, gashin Azam Jangavi ko hannun mutumin?"
- Wani masanin kimiyya - "Wane ne kuma bisa ga wane sashi na doka ya ba 'yan sanda damar fitar da wannan mace kamar haka?", ya tambayi Abdollah Ramezanzadeh a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu 2018.
- Seyyed Mehdi Tabatabaei, wani malamin Shia na Iran ya mayar da martani ga kamawar a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu 2018 ta hanyar cewa hijab abin da ake buƙata ne a cikin Islama, yayin da yake tambayar aikin tilasta shi a kan mutane.
- 'Yan sanda na Iran sun yi gargadi a hukumance a ranar 23 ga Fabrairu 2018 cewa hukuncin cire hijabi ya kai shekaru 10 a kurkuku, bisa ga Mataki na 639 na doka.
Kasashen Duniya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "In Tehran, New Hijab Protester Led Off By Police". VOA. Archived from the original on 10 April 2019. Retrieved 14 March 2019.
- ↑ "The Islamic Penal Code of Iran, Book 5".
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Taylor, Adam. "Most Iranians feel Trump's comments in support of protesters didn't help, poll finds". washingtonpost. Archived from the original on 2 February 2018. Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ↑ "The Observer view on the backlash in Iran following the death of Mahsa Amini". The Guardian. 25 Sep 2022.
- ↑ Alfatlawi, Rosie (16 January 2018). "Chinese Musician 'Humiliated' in Iran as Hijab Imposed Mid-performance". Al Bawaba. Archived from the original on 3 June 2019. Retrieved 16 May 2019.
- ↑ "In Tehran, New Hijab Protester Led Off By Police". VOA. Archived from the original on 10 April 2019. Retrieved 14 March 2019.
- ↑ "The Islamic Penal Code of Iran, Book 5".
- ↑ "The Observer view on the backlash in Iran following the death of Mahsa Amini". The Guardian. 25 Sep 2022.
- ↑ Alfatlawi, Rosie (16 January 2018). "Chinese Musician 'Humiliated' in Iran as Hijab Imposed Mid-performance". Al Bawaba. Archived from the original on 3 June 2019. Retrieved 16 May 2019.
- ↑ "Iran arrests 29 women for not wearing hijab in protests". Al Jazeera. 2 February 2018. Retrieved 27 August 2024.
- ↑ "In Tehran, New Hijab Protester Led Off By Police". VOA. Archived from the original on 10 April 2019. Retrieved 14 March 2019.
- ↑ "The Islamic Penal Code of Iran, Book 5".
- ↑ "The Observer view on the backlash in Iran following the death of Mahsa Amini". The Guardian. 25 Sep 2022.
- ↑ Alfatlawi, Rosie (16 January 2018). "Chinese Musician 'Humiliated' in Iran as Hijab Imposed Mid-performance". Al Bawaba. Archived from the original on 3 June 2019. Retrieved 16 May 2019.
- ↑ "Iran arrests 29 women for not wearing hijab in protests". Al Jazeera. 2 February 2018. Retrieved 27 August 2024.