Adamu Efraim Adamu I
Adam I (Edem Efiom Ededem Edak Edem Etim Efiom Okoho Efiom Ekpo Efiom Ekpo; ca. 1849 – 1 Yuli 1906) ya kasance Obong na Calabar, Nigeria daga 1901 har zuwa rasuwarsa a ranar 1 ga Yuli 1906. [lower-alpha 1]
An haifi Adam a Calabar, wani lokaci a kusa da mulkin dan uwansa na 2 sau uku ya cire Archibong I a matsayin Obong na Calabar da masu dogara. [1] Shi ne ɗan fari na Ifraimu Adam na gidan sarautar Etim Efiom na Tsohon Kalaba . [2] Mahaifiyarsa Akwa Edem Itu ta fito daga Garin Big Qua a Calabar a yau.
Rayuwar farko[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
An haifi Obong Adam Ephraim Adam a matsayin"Edem Efiom Ededem".Ko da yake ba a san da yawa game da rayuwarsa ta farko ba,Ya girma a ƙarƙashin kulawar Ubansa Ifraimu Adam (Alias Tete),da mahaifiyarsa Akwa Edem Itu. Bayanai da yawa sun nuna cewa ya sami ilimi sosai yana da ƙwarewar Efik da Ingilishi.Bayan rasuwar mahaifinsa a 1874,auntynsa Queen Duke(Afiong Umo Edem)ta mallaki gidan Ifraimu Adam.[3] Adam ya girma a karkashin kulawarta kuma ya zama shugabancin gidan mahaifinsa bayan mutuwar Sarauniya Duke a 1888.[4]A matsayinsa na dan kungiyar Ekpe,ya rike darajar Ekpe Murua Nkanda.[5]
Mulki[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Kafin hawan Adam I zuwa kan kujerar Obong na Old Calabar,an sami sabani tsakanin shugabannin tsohon Calabar. An fara shiga tsakani ne bayan mutuwar Obong Orok Edem Odo.[6]Babban abin da ya haifar da rikicin shi ne burin Yarima Asibong Edem a kan kujerar Obong na Old Calabar. Sakamakon rashin jituwa a Calabar,Yarima Asibong Edem ya bar Calabar a cikin Annoyance kuma ya koma Garin Asibong a yau.A watan Satumba na 1900,Yarima Asibong ya koma Calabar kuma bayan matsa lamba da aka zaba ya zama Obong na Old Calabar.Koyaya, Yarima Asibong ya mutu a ranar 21 ga Satumba,1900,wanda ya haifar da zaɓin farko na Adam a matsayin ɗan takara mafi dacewa.[7]
Gudanarwa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Mulkin Adam I bai kasance mai sauƙi ba saboda tare da ƙarin shiga daga jami'an mulkin mallaka,ikon Obong yana da iyaka. Duk da haka,Sarakunan Tsohon Kalaba sun ba jami'an mulkin mallaka hadin kai don kare muradun mutanen Efik.Adam I ya kasance memba ne na Majalisar Asalin Tsohon Kalaba.[8]Waɗannan majalisu na asali waɗanda Babban Kwamishinan Sir CM Macdonald ya kafa a 1895 suna aiki a matsayin hukumar gudanarwa da shari'a ta Calabar.[9]Obong Adam I shi ma ya halarci bude kasuwar Watt a 1901.[10]
Zuri'a[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- ↑ At this time, the term "Old Calabar" was applicable to Duke Town and its dependencies which would exclude Creek Town and its dependencies
Bayanan kula[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- ↑ Duke, Great Calabar Chronicle, p.11
- ↑ Souvenir Programme of the Coronation Service of His Royal Highness Edidem Bassey Eyo Ephraim Adam III, Obong of Calabar and Paramount Ruler of the Efiks, p.28
- ↑ Duke House v. Eyo Ephraim Adam & others (The Supreme Court of the Colony of Southern Nigeria, Eastern Province, Calabar 1909) ("He alleges that upon the death of Ephraim Adam, Queen Duke assumed the headship of the Ephraim Adam House").
- ↑ Duke House v. Eyo Ephraim Adam & others (The Supreme Court of the Colony of Southern Nigeria, Eastern Province, Calabar 1909) ("as Ephraim Adam's children were all underage and that she so remained until her death in 1888 and that in fact and according to native law and custom Adam Ephraim Adam on her death, therefore, became the head of the Queen Duke House and succeeded to her property").
- ↑ Oku, p.222
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedauto4 - ↑ Duke,Three Famous Kings of Calabar, p.23
- ↑ Nair, p.294
- ↑ Nair, p.211
- ↑ Duke,Three Famous Kings of Calabar, p.3
Nassoshi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Littafi Mai Tsarki[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
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