Duba tsatso na Ƴancin zaɓi

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[[File:Voters_standing_in_the_queue_to_cast_their_votes,_at_a_polling_booth,_during_the_9th_Phase_of_General_Elections-2014,_in_Varanasi,_Uttar_Pradesh_on_May_12,_2014.jpg  |thumb|Masu shirin Kaɗa Kuri'a]] 
[[Fayil:2006 Italy voting hand.jpg|thumb|Yanda ake zabe a al umma]]
[[File:Statue_of_Liberty,_NY_(cropped).jpg  |thumb|Mutum-Mutumin Yanci, NY-(New York)]] 
'''<nowiki/>'Yancin zaɓe''' ya bayyana [[wiktionary:opportunity|damammaki]] da ƴancin kai na mutum don aiwatar da wani aiki da zaia zaɓa daga aƙalla zaɓuɓɓuka biyu da ake da su, ba tare da takura daga ɓangarorin waje ba.<ref>Sebastiano Bavetta; Pietro Navarra (2011). "5". Index of Economic Freedom (Report). The Heritage Foundation. p. 65. Retrieved February 12, 2013. As noted, there are two aspects of free choice: opportunity to choose and autonomy to choose.a href=“[./<nowiki>Https://www.heritage.org</nowiki> https://www.heritage.org] </ref> 

== A siyasa. ==
A cikin muhawarar zubar da ciki alal misali, kalmar ƴancin zaɓi na iya fitowa don kare matsayin da mace ke da haƙƙin ta yanke cewar ko za ta ci gaba da [[ciki]] ko kuma ta zubar. <ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/ethics/abortion/mother/for_1.shtml|title= BBC - Arguments in favour of abortion.|quote= This leads some people to claim is that it is unethical to ban abortion because doing so denies freedom of choice to women and forces 'the unwilling to bear the unwanted'. |access-date= February 12, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d110:H.R.1964:|title= Freedom of Choice Act – H.R.1964|quote= Freedom of Choice Act – Declares that it is the policy of the United States that every woman has the fundamental right to choose to: (1) bear a child; (2) terminate a pregnancy prior to fetal viability; or (3) terminate a pregnancy after fetal viability when necessary to protect her life or her health.|access-date= February 13, 2013|archive-date= January 25, 2016|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160125172018/http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d110:H.R.1964:|url-status= dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-smalley/eggs-and-abortion-freedom_b_80202.html|publisher= Huffington Post  |title= Eggs And Abortion: Freedom Of Choice|author= Susan Smalley|access-date= February 13, 2013|date= January 10, 2008}}</ref> Hakazalika, wasu batutuwa irin su euthanasia,<ref>http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Euthanasiaandassistedsuicide/Pages/Arguments.aspx</ref> (kisa mara raɗaɗi na majiyyaci da ke fama da wata cuta mara waraka da raɗaɗi ko kuma a cikin suma da ba za a iya jurewa ba.)  alluran rigakafi, [[Kulawar haihuwa|hana haihuwa]]<ref>Serfaty, D. (1999). "Guaranteeing freedom of choice in matters of contraception and abortion in Europe: Some personal remarks". ''The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care''. '''4''' (4): 237–45. doi:10.3109/13625189909071344. PMID&nbsp;10817094.</ref> da auren jinsi<ref>Menachem Rosensaft (January 15, 2009). "Even Same-Sex Marriage Is a Basic Civil Right". Huffington Post. Retrieved February 12, 2013.</ref>  wani lokaci ana tattauna su dangane da wani [[Haƙƙoƙin Ƙungiya Da Ɗaiɗaikun Mutane|haƙƙin mutum]] da aka ɗauka na “yancin zaɓi”. Wasu batutuwan zamantakewa, misali New York "Soda Ban" an kare su duka biyu<ref>Lauren Hunter; Kristin Van Busum (September 21, 2012). "Soda "Ban" May Actually Increase Freedom of Choice". Huffington Post. Retrieved February 12, 2013.</ref>  kuma sun yi adawa<ref>Baylen Linnekin. http://reason.com/archives/2012/07/21/fizzy-math Retrieved February 12, 2013. First, the ban would restrict food freedom of choice.

</ref> dangane da ƴancin zaɓi.

== A fannin tattalin arziƙi. ==
[[File:Soft_drink_shelf_2.jpg|thumb|446x446px| 'Yancin zaɓi akan wane kamfani da ɗanɗano na soda zaka siya yana da alaƙa da gasar kasuwa]]
A cikin microeconomics, 'yancin zaɓi shine 'yancin wakilan tattalin arziki don rarraba albarkatun su kamar yadda suka ga dama, a cikin zaɓuɓɓuka (kamar kayayyaki, ayyuka, ko dukiya) waɗanda ke samuwa a gare su.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hall |first1=Robert E. |author-link1=Robert Hall (economist) |last2=Lieberman |first2=Marc |title=Microeconomics: Principles & Applications |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XR9uvGmChp8C |access-date=February 11, 2013 |year=2009 |publisher=Cengage Learning |isbn=9781439038970 |page=42 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Pagoso|first1=Cristobal M. |last2=Dinio |first2=Rosemary P. |last3=Villasis |first3=George A.|title=Introductory Microeconomics |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P8Der6qyzaUC |access-date=February 11, 2013 |year=1994 |publisher=Rex Bookstore, Inc. |isbn=9789712315404 |page=15 }}</ref> Ya haɗa da 'yancin shiga aikin da ake da su. 

Ratner et al., A cikin 2008, ya kawo wallafe-wallafen game da 'yancin kai na uban 'yanci wanda ya bayyana cewa masu amfani ba koyaushe suna yin aiki don amfanin kansu ba. Suna danganta wannan al'amari ga abubuwa kamar su motsin rai, gazawar fahimta da son zuciya, da kuma bayanan da ba su cika ba waɗanda suka ce za a iya gyara su ta wasu hanyoyin da aka tsara. Suna tattauna samar da masu amfani da bayanai da kayan aikin yanke shawara, tsarawa da ƙuntata zaɓuɓɓukan kasuwancin su, da kuma bugun motsin rai da sarrafa tsammanin. Kowanne daga cikin waɗannan, in ji su, zai iya inganta ikon masu amfani da su don zaɓar.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Ratner | first1 = R. K. | last2 = Soman | first2 = D. | last3 = Zauberman | first3 = G. | last4 = Ariely | first4 = D. | last5 = Carmon | first5 = Z. | last6 = Keller | first6 = P. A. | last7 = Kim | first7 = B. K. | last8 = Lin | first8 = F. | last9 = Malkoc | first9 = S. | last10 = Small | doi = 10.1007/s11002-008-9044-3 | first10 = D. A. | last11 = Wertenbroch | first11 = K. | title = How behavioral decision research can enhance consumer welfare: From freedom of choice to paternalistic intervention | journal = Marketing Letters | volume = 19 | issue = 3–4 | page = 383 | year = 2008 }}</ref>

Koyaya, 'yancin zaɓe na tattalin arziƙi a ƙarshe ya dogara da gasar kasuwa, tunda akwai zaɓuɓɓukan masu siye galibi sakamakon abubuwa daban-daban ne waɗanda masu siyarwa ke sarrafa su, kamar gabaɗayan ingancin samfur ko sabis da talla . A cikin yanayin da ke akwai, mabukaci ba ya da 'yancin zaɓar siye daga wani furodusa daban. Kamar yadda Friedrich Hayek ya nuna:
{{quote|text=ƴancin zaɓe a cikin al'umma mai gasa ya dogara ne akan gaskiyar cewa, idan mutum ɗaya ya ƙi biyan bukatunmu, za mu iya komawa ga wani. Amma idan muka fuskanci mai mulkin mallaka muna cikin cikakkiyar rahamarsa..|sign=[[Friedrich Hayek]]|source=''[[The Road to Serfdom]]'', "Can planning free us from care?"<ref>{{cite book |last=Hayek|first=Friedrich|author-link=Friedrich Hayek|title=The Road to Serfdom|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1QyQwvLDLycC|access-date=February 15, 2013|year=1994|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0-226-32061-8}}</ref>}}
Kamar yadda aka misalta a cikin abin da ke sama, masu tunani masu sassaucin ra'ayi sau da yawa ƙwaƙƙwaran masu ba da shawara ne don haɓaka 'yancin zaɓi. Misali ɗaya na wannan shine littafin Milton Friedman na ''Kyauta don Zaɓi'' da jerin talabijin.

Babu yarjejeniya game da ko karuwar 'yancin zaɓe na tattalin arziki yana haifar da karuwar farin ciki. A cikin binciken daya, Rahoton Gidauniyar Heritage Foundation na 2011 Index na 'Yancin Tattalin Arziki ya nuna alaƙa mai ƙarfi tsakanin Ma'anar 'Yancin Tattalin Arziki da farin ciki a cikin ƙasa.<ref>{{Cite report|author1=Sebastiano Bavetta|author2=Pietro Navarra|date=2011|title=Index of Economic Freedom|url=http://www.heritage.org/index/download|publisher=[[The Heritage Foundation]]|pages=61–68|chapter=5|access-date=February 12, 2013|archive-date=December 9, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191209002549/https://www.heritage.org/index/download/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Auna ƴancin zaɓi. ==
An yi amfani da hanyar axiomatic - deductive hanya don magance batun auna adadin 'yancin zaɓi (FoC) da mutum yake morewa.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Dowding|first1=Keith|author-link1=Keith Dowding|last2=van Hees|first2=Martin|author-link2=Martin van Hees|title=Oxford Handbook of Individual and Social Choice|chapter-url=http://www.rug.nl/staff/martin.van.hees/2009handb.pdf|access-date=February 15, 2013|year=2009|publisher=Oxford: Oxford University Press|chapter=Chapter 15 – Freedom of Choice|pages=374–92|archive-date=December 22, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121222125652/http://www.rug.nl/staff/martin.van.hees/2009handb.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> A cikin takarda da aka wallafa a 1990, <ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Pattanaik | first1 = Prasanta K. | last2 = Xu | first2 = Yongsheng | author-link1 = Prasanta Pattanaik | title = On ranking opportunity sets in terms of freedom of choice | journal = Recherches Économiques de Louvain / Louvain Economic Review | volume = 56 | issue = 3–4 | pages = 383–90 | publisher = Department of Economics, Universite Catholique de Louvain via JSTOR | jstor = 40723933 | date = 1990 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last = Xu | first = Yongsheng | title = On ranking linear budget sets in terms of freedom of choice | journal = Social Choice and Welfare | volume = 22 | issue = 1 | pages = 281–89 | doi = 10.1007/s00355-003-0287-x | date = February 2004 }}</ref>  Prasanta K. Pattanaik da Yongsheng Xu sun gabatar da dokoki guda uku waɗanda ma'aunin FoC ya kamata ya gamsar:

# ''Rashin sha'awa tsakanin yanayi ba zabi'' . Samun zaɓi ɗaya kawai ya kai FoC iri ɗaya, komai zaɓin.
# ''Tsananin kadaitaka'' . Samun zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban guda biyu x da y sun kai ƙarin FoC fiye da samun zaɓin x kawai.
# ''<nowiki/>'Yanci'' . Idan yanayin A yana da FoC fiye da B, ta ƙara sabon zaɓi x ga duka biyun (ba a cikin A ko B ba), A zai kasance yana da ƙarin FoC fiye da B.

Sun tabbatar da cewa ma'auni shine kawai ma'auni wanda ya gamsar da waɗannan dokoki, abin da suka lura ya kasance mai ma'ana kuma yana ba da shawarar cewa a sake fasalin ɗaya ko fiye da haka na dokokin. Sun misalta wannan da misalin zaɓin da aka saita "don tafiya ta jirgin ƙasa" ko "tafiya da mota", wanda ya kamata ya samar da ƙarin FoC fiye da zaɓin da aka saita "don tafiya da jan mota" ko "tafiya da mota shuɗi". An ba da wasu shawarwari don magance wannan matsala, ta hanyar sake fasalin dokoki, yawanci ciki har da ra'ayoyin abubuwan da ake so,    ko ƙin doka ta uku.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Sen | first1 = Amartya | author-link1 = Amartya Sen | title = Welfare, preference and freedom | journal = Journal of Econometrics | volume = 50 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 15–29 | doi = 10.1016/0304-4076(91)90087-T | date = October 1991 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Pattanaik | first1 = Prasanta K. | last2 = Xu | first2 = Yongsheng | author-link1 = Prasanta Pattanaik | title = On preference and freedom | journal = Theory and Decision | volume = 44 | issue = 2 | pages = 173–98 | doi = 10.1023/A:1004924211553 | date = April 1998 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last = Sugden | first = Robert | title = The metric of opportunity | journal = Economics and Philosophy | volume = 14 | issue = 2 | pages = 307–37 | doi = 10.1017/S0266267100003874 | date = October 1998 }}</ref> or rejecting the third axiom.<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Carter | first = Ian | title = Choice, freedom, and freedom of choice | journal = Social Choice and Welfare | volume = 22 | issue = 1 | pages = 61–81 | doi = 10.1007/s00355-003-0277-z | date = February 2004 | quote = an explication of freedom of choice should reject the third axiom [...] A person has freedom of choice [[If and only if|iff]] she lacks constraints on the reasoned selection and performance of one or more of the items on an action-menu." and "(...) where a selection is necessarily made from a set of items greater than one }}</ref>

== Alaƙa da farin ciki. ==
Wani bincike na 2006, da Simona Botti da Ann L. McGill ya yi ya nuna cewa, lokacin da aka gabatar da batutuwa tare da zaɓuɓɓuka masu bambanta kuma suna da 'yancin zaɓar tsakanin su, zaɓin su ya inganta gamsuwar su tare da tabbatacce da rashin gamsuwa tare da sakamako mara kyau, dangane da marasa zaɓi.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Botti|first1=Simona|last2=McGill|first2=Ann L.|year=2006|title=When Choosing is Not Deciding: The Effect Of Perceived Responsibility on Satisfaction|journal= Journal of Consumer Research|volume=33|issue=2|ssrn=1516287|doi=10.1086/506302|pages=211–19}}</ref>

Wani bincike na 2010, da Hazel Rose Markus da Barry Schwartz suka yi ya tattara jerin gwaje-gwaje game da 'yancin zaɓe kuma sun yi jayayya cewa "zaɓi da yawa na iya haifar da rashin tabbas, damuwa, da son kai".<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Markus | first1 = H. R. | last2 = Schwartz | first2 = B. | doi = 10.1086/651242 | title = Does Choice Mean Freedom and Well‐Being? | journal = Journal of Consumer Research | volume = 37 | issue = 2 | page = 344 | year = 2010 | url = https://works.swarthmore.edu/fac-psychology/5 }}</ref>  Schwartz ya bayar da hujjar cewa mutane akai-akai suna yin nadama saboda tsadar damar da ba su yanke shawara mafi kyau ba kuma, a wasu yanayi, gamsuwar mutane gabaɗaya a wasu lokuta yakan fi girma idan wani mutum ya yanke shawara mai wahala maimakon ta kansu, ko da lokacin zaɓin ɗayan. ya fi muni. Schwartz ya rubuta littafi kuma ya ba da jawabai yana sukar yawan zaɓi a cikin al'ummar zamani, kodayake ya yarda cewa "wani zaɓi ya fi kowa".<ref>{{cite book|last=Schwartz|first=Barry|title=The Paradox of Choice: Why More Is Less|year=2005|publisher=Harper Perennial|isbn=978-0060005696|page=[https://archive.org/details/paradoxofchoice00barr/page/304 304]|url=https://archive.org/details/paradoxofchoice00barr/page/304}} S.a. [[The Paradox of Choice]]</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ted.com/talks/barry_schwartz_on_the_paradox_of_choice.html|title=The paradox of choice|last1=Schwartz|first1=Barry|date=July 2005|work=Talk|publisher=TED|access-date=February 12, 2013|archive-date=February 28, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140228204900/http://www.ted.com/talks/barry_schwartz_on_the_paradox_of_choice.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Duba kuma. ==

* ''[[Ƴancin zaɓi]]'', littafi da kuma shirin talabijin na [[Milton Friedman]] and [[Rose Friedman]]

== Manazarta. ==

[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]