Duba tsatso na Gudawa

{{Databox}}
{{Infobox disease
| name = Gudawa
| image = Multiple rotavirus particles.jpg
| caption = Hoton ƙwayar cuta [[cuta mai haddasa gudawa]], wadda kuma ke sanadiyyar kwantar da kusan kaso 40% na yara masu ƙasa da shekaru biyar a asibiti.<ref name=WHO2010a/>
| DiseasesDB = 3742
| ICD10 = {{ICD10|A|09||a|00}}, {{ICD10|K|59|1|k|55}}
| ICD9 = {{ICD9|787.91}}
| ICDO =
| OMIM =
| MedlinePlus = 003126
| eMedicineSubj = ped
| eMedicineTopic = 583
| MeshID = D003967
}}
[[File:Depiction of a person suffering from Diarrhea.png|thumb|Gudawa a bandaki]]<!-- Definition and Characteristics -->
'''Gudawa''' ko ''diarrhoea'' wani sauyin yanayi ne na mutum da ya ke sawa a yi tsuguno mai ruwa-ruwa ko  [[rikicewar ciki]] a ƙalla sau uku a ko wace rana.<!--<ref name=WHO2013/> --> Wani lokaci ta kan ɗauki kwanaki wanda hakan ke jawo [[bushewar jiki]] sabo da rasa ruwa a jiki.<ref>[https://www.who.int/health-topics/diarrhoea#:~:text=Diarrhoea%20is%20the%20passage%20of,bacterial%2C%20viral%20and%20parasitic%20organisms. https://www.who.int/health-topics/diarrhoea#:~:text=Diarrhoea%20is%20the%20passage%20of,bacterial%2C%20viral%20and%20parasitic%20organisms.]</ref><!--<ref name=WHO2013/> --> Alamomin bushewar jiki wasu lokuta na farawa ne da rashin jawuwar fata da kuma canja kamanni.<!--<ref name=WHO2013/> --> Wannan na iya ci gaba zuwa raguwar  [[fitsari]], [[yaushi|canjin launin fata]], [[bugun zuciya cikin sauri|ƙaruwar bugun zuciya cikin sauri ]]da kuma [[raguwar fahimtar al'amura|fita daga hayyaci]] idan abin ya yi tsanani.<!--<ref name=WHO2013/> --> Bayan gari marar tauri amma ba mai ruwa-ruwa ba a wajen yara da ake [[shayarwa]], na iya zama abin da aka saba.<ref name=WHO2013/>

<!-- Cause and Diagnosis -->
Babban abin da ya ke jawowa ita ce matsala a [[hanji]] ko dai sabo da [[ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta]], [[bakteriya]], [[parasait]], ko yanayin da aka sani da [[kumburin ciki]].<!--<ref name=WHO2013/> --> Wannan kamuwa da cuta wasu lokuta a kan same ta daga abinci ko ruwa wanda bayan gari ya gurɓata, ko kuma kai tsaye daga mutumin da ya kamu.<!--<ref name=WHO2013/> --> Za'a iya kasata kaso uku: gudawa mai ruwa-ruwa ta gajeren lokaci, gudawa mai jini-jini ta gajeren lokaci, idan kuma ta kai fiye da mako biyu, gudawa mai daɗewa.<!--<ref name=WHO2013/> --> Gudawa mai ruwa-ruwa ta gajeren lokaci na iya zama a dalilin kamuwa da cutar [[kwalara]].<!--<ref name=WHO2013/> --> Idan akwai jini an fi saninta da [[atini]].<ref name=WHO2013/> Wasu abubuwa da ba na kamuwa da cuta ba na iya kawo gudawa wanɗanda suka haɗa da [[matsanancin aikin hailittar cikin jiki mai kama da gurjiya|matsanancin aikin halittar cikin jiki mai kama da gurjiya]], [[rashin juriya na aikin sukari a jiki]], [[cuta mai haddasa kumburin hanji]], mafi yawa daga shaye-shayen magunguna, da [[alamar rikicewar ciki]] da wasu abubuwa.<ref name=CEM2013>{{cite book|last1=Doyle|first1=edited by Basem Abdelmalak, D. John|title=Anesthesia for otolaryngologic surgery|date=2013|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|isbn=1107018676|pages=282â287}}</ref> A yawaicin lokuta [[yanayin tsuguno]] ba'a bukatar bayaninsa domin tabbatar da ainihin sababi.<ref name=NEJM2014/>

<!-- Prevention and Treatment -->[[File:202007 A patient receiving an intravenous drip Illustration.svg|thumb|ana yiwa Mai gudawa karin ruwa]]
Za'a iya inganta kariya daga kamuwa da gudawa ta inganta [[mahalli]], tsaftace [[ruwan sha]], da [[wanke hannu]].<!--<ref name=WHO2013/> --> [[Shayar da nono]] na aƙalla wata shida na da matuƙar amfani domin [[kariya ne daga ƙwayoyin cuta|riga-kafi ne daga ƙwayoyin cuta]].<!--<ref name=WHO2013/> --> [[Bayar da ruwan gishiri da sukari|Haɗin gishiri da sukari]] (ORS), tare da tsaftataccen ruwa wanda aka haɗa da gishiri matsakaici da [[sukari]], shi ne maganin da aka zaɓa.<!-- <ref name=WHO2013/> --> [[Masu tallafawa abinci da suke haɗe da Zinc#|ƙwayoyin magani masu Zinc]] an bayar da shawarar amfani da su.<ref name=WHO2013/> Wannan kaifiyyar maganin an ƙiyasta ta ceci yara miliyan 50 a cikin shekaru 25 da suka gabata.<ref name=WHO2010a>{{cite web |url=http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2009/9789241598415_eng.pdf |title=whqlibdoc.who.int |format=PDF |work=[[World Health Organization]] |access-date=2015-08-28 |archive-date=2010-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101108051648/http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2009/9789241598415_eng.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Idan mutane suka kamu da gudawa ana bayarda da shawara cewa su cigaba da cin abinci mai tsafta sannan kuma jarirai a ci gaba da shayar da su nono.<ref name=WHO2013/> Idan ba'a sami haɗin ORS na sayarwa ba, ana iya amfani da haɗin gida.<ref name=Prober2012>{{cite book|last1=Prober|first1=edited by Sarah Long, Larry Pickering, Charles G.|title=Principles and practice of pediatric infectious diseases|date=2012|publisher=Elsevier Saunders|location=Edinburgh|isbn=9781455739851|page=96|edition=4th |url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=TN2Gu2Af1BIC&pg=PA96}}</ref> Ga waɗanda ke fama da matsanancin rashin ruwa a jikinsu, za'a iya bukatar [[ƙarin ruwa ta jijiyar jini]].<ref name=WHO2013/> Yawancin lokuta; duk da haka, ana iya amfani da shan ruwa ta baki.<ref>{{cite web|author1=ACEP|title=Nation’s Emergency Physicians Announce List of Test and Procedures to Question as Part of Choosing Wisely Campaign|url=http://www.choosingwisely.org/nations-emergency-physicians-announce-list-of-test-and-procedures-to-question-as-part-of-choosing-wisely-campaign/|website=Choosing Wisely|accessdate=18 June 2014|archive-date=17 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517042652/http://www.choosingwisely.org/nations-emergency-physicians-announce-list-of-test-and-procedures-to-question-as-part-of-choosing-wisely-campaign/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ƙwayoyin magani na [[Antibiotic]], duk da cewa ba'a cika amfani da su ba, ana iya bayar da shawarar amfani da su a wasu lokuta ƙalilan ga masu fama da gudawa mai haɗe da jini da kuma zazzaɓi mai zafi, da kuma fama da matsananciyar [[gudawa ta lokacin bulaguro|gudawa da kan biyo bayan balaguro]], da waɗanda suke da wata ƙwayar bakteriya ko parasait a bayan gudawarsu.<ref name=NEJM2014/> ƙwayar magani ta [[Loperamide]] na iya taimakawa wajen rage yawan motsin ciki amma ba'a bayar da shawarar amfani da shi ba ga masu matsananciyar cuta.<ref name=NEJM2014>{{cite journal|last1=DuPont|first1=HL|title=Acute infectious diarrhea in immunocompetent adults.|journal=The New England journal of medicine|date=Apr 17, 2014|volume=370|issue=16|pages=1532–40|pmid=24738670|doi=10.1056/nejmra1301069}}</ref>

<!-- Epidemiology and Prognosis -->
Kimanin matsaloli biliyan 1.7 zuwa 5&nbsp;na gudawa ake samu a shekara.<ref name=WHO2013/><ref name=CEM2013/> Tafi zama ruwan dare a [[ƙasashe masu tasowa]], a inda ƙananan yara ke samun gudawa cikin a ƙalla sau uku a shekara.<ref name=WHO2013/> A duniya baki ɗaya, a cikin shekara ta 2012, ita ce sanadiyyar [[matuwar ƙananan yara|mutawa ga yara]] masu ƙasa da shekaru biyar (miliyan 0.76 ko 11%).<ref name=WHO2013/><ref name=CDC2013/> Yawan samun afkuwar gudawa kuma shi ne sababin [[rashin ingantaccen abinci]] kuma abin da ya fi jawo wannan ga ƙananan yara masu ƙasa da shekaru biyar.<ref name=WHO2013>{{cite web|title=Diarrhoeal disease Fact sheet N°330|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs330/en/|website=World Health Organization|accessdate=18 June 2014|date=April 2013}}</ref> Wasu matsalolin masu nisa da kan iya afkuwa sun haɗa da rashin haɓaka ta jiki da kuma tunani.<ref name=CDC2013>{{cite web|title=Global Diarrhea Burden|url=http://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/global/diarrhea-burden.html|website=CDC|accessdate=18 June 2014|date=January 24, 2013}}</ref>

==Manazarta==
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