Duba tsatso na Ranar tunawa da ƴancin bil'adama ta Amurika

{{Databox}}
The '''Freedom Riders National Monument''' wani abin tunawa ne na Ƙasar Amurka a Anniston, Alabama wanda Shugaba [[Barack Obama|Barack Obama ya]] kafa a cikin Janairu shekarata 2017, don kiyayewa da tunawa da 'Yancin 'a lokacin [[Ƙungiyar Kare Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam|Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama]] . Hukumar kula da wuraren shakatawa ta kasa ce ke gudanar da wannan abin tunawa.  Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Riders National Monument na ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan tunawa na kasa guda uku da aka tsara ta hanyar shelar Shugaba Obama a ranar 12, ga Janairu, shekarar 2017. Na biyu shi ne abin tunawa na Ƙasar Haƙƙin Bil'adama na Birmingham kuma na uku, Gidan Tarihi na Zamani na Sake, an sake sanya shi azaman National Historical Park a ranar Maris 12, shekarata 2019. <ref name="Eversley">Melanie Eversley, [https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2017/01/12/obama-designates-3-civil-rights-sites-national-monuments/96515606/ Obama designates 3 civil rights sites as national monuments], ''USA Today'' (January 12, 2017).</ref>

== Shafukan. ==
Abin tunawa na 'Yancin Riders na Kasa ya ƙunshi wurare biyu, ɗaya a cikin garin Anniston kanta da ɗayan a wajen gari.

=== Tashar Bus ta Greyhound. ===
Wurin farko da aka sanya a matsayin wani ɓangare na abin tunawa na ƙasa shine tsohon wurin ajiyar bas na Greyhound a 1031, Gurnee Avenue a Anniston, inda, a ranar 14, ga Mayu, shekarata 1961, ƴan zanga-zanga suka kai hari ga hadaddiyar ƙungiyar fararen fata da baƙi 'Yanci Riders waɗanda suka nemi kawo ƙarshen wariyar launin fata . a cikin bas ɗin tsakanin jahohi. ’Yan zanga-zangar sun sare tayar motar bas din, suka yi jifa da duwatsu, suka karya tagogin bas din, sannan suka bi motar bayan ta tashi daga ma’ajiyar. <ref name="NPSRelease">[http://www.annistonal.gov/uploadedFiles/File/final-News-release-Freedom-Riders-National-Monument-event-on-May-13-2.pdf Freedom Riders National Monument Celebration Set for May 13: Interim Visitor Center now open at Anniston City] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016165647/http://www.annistonal.gov/uploadedFiles/File/final-News-release-Freedom-Riders-National-Monument-event-on-May-13-2.pdf |date=2020-10-16 }} (press release), National Park Service.</ref> <ref name="CF">[http://www.conservationfund.org/projects/freedom-riders-national-monument Freedom Riders National Monument], [[The Conservation Fund]] (last accessed April 28, 2017).</ref> A yau bangon ginin da ke kusa da tsohon ma'ajiyar ajiyar yana dauke da bangon da ke da alaƙa da bayanin abin da ya faru.  An sanya irin wannan bangon bango kusa da tsohon tashar Trailways inda sauran 'Yan Riders na Freedom suka isa a 1961.  Tsohon tashar Greyhound daga baya mallakin birnin Anniston ne kafin bayar da gudummawarsa ga gwamnatin Amurka.  Yana ɗaya daga cikin shafuka tara waɗanda ke ɓangare na Anniston Civil Rights and Heritage Trail, <ref name="NPSRelease" /> kuma ana tunawa da shi tare da alamar tarihi, wanda aka gina a cikin shekarata 2016.  

Hukumar kula da wuraren shakatawa ta kasa, tare da haɗin gwiwar birnin Anniston, sun sanar da shirye-shiryen haɓaka ginin da buɗe shi ga jama'a, amma tun daga watan Mayu shekarata 2017, an rufe shi ga baƙi. 

=== Wurin kona bas. ===
[[File:Burning_Bus_in_Alabama_-_Joe_Postiglione.jpg|right|thumb| Hoton Joe Postiglione na bas ɗin da ke kona]]
Wuri na biyu da aka haɗa cikin sabon abin tunawa na ƙasa shine na bas ɗin da ke cin wuta, wanda ke wajen Anniston kusa da Old Birmingham Highway/ Hanyar Jiha 202, wasu {{Convert|6|mi|km}} nesa da tashar Greyhound. A nan ne motar bas din ta karye saboda tayoyin da ta tashi. ’Yan bangar da suka bi ta daga ma’ajiyar bas din, sun ci gaba da kai farmakin, inda suka jefa “wani dam din daurin wuta a cikin motar bas din da ta fashe bayan dakika kadan” lamarin da ya sa motar ta kone kurmus. <ref name="NPSRelease"/> Mutanen sun far wa fasinjojin ne yayin da suke kokarin guduwa. <ref name="CF"/> Mai daukar hoto mai zaman kansa Joseph "Little Joe" Postiglione ya dauki hoton bas din yayin da ta kone; Hoton da aka samu ya zama alamar motsin kare hakkin jama'a. <ref name="NPSRelease" /> <ref>Joe Postiglione, ''[https://www.icp.org/browse/archive/objects/burning-bus-in-alabama Burning Bus in Alabama]'' (The LIFE Magazine Collection, 2005). [[International Center of Photography]].</ref> Alamar Tarihi ta Alabama, wacce aka gina a cikin shekarata 2007, a ƙarƙashin kulawar babin Theta Tau na Omega Psi Phi fraternity, alama ce ta wurin kona bas ɗin. <ref name="NPSRelease" /> 

An ba da sanarwar a cikin shekarata 2010, cewa an ba da gudummawar kadada biyar na ƙasar da ke kewaye da wurin da motar bas ɗin ta ƙone ga gundumar Calhoun don haɓaka wurin shakatawa; Shirye-shiryen farko sun yi kira ga shimfidar hanyar tafiya, tare da kafa allunan fassara a wurin. Abubuwan da za a iya yiwuwa a nan gaba sun haɗa da mutum-mutumi na Hank Thomas, wanda ya tsira daga lamarin, wanda mazaunin Janie Forsythe na kusa ya ba shi ruwa.  Tun lokacin da aka nada abin tunawa na kasa, Ma'aikatar Parking ta Kasa, Calhoun County, da Kwamitin Tunawa da 'Yanci na Freedom Riders sun fara aiki tare don samar da wani shiri don fassara shafin;  Alabama Power ya ba da kuɗi don ƙoƙarin a  shekarata 2015.  An kafa wata alamar da ke nuna kasancewar wurin shakatawa a nan gaba a cikin shekarata 2012. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan an sanya shi a wurin an lalata shi, amma an yi gyare-gyare cikin sauri. 

Gidan da aka kona a yau yana kewaye da gidaje masu zaman kansu. 

== Tarihin abin tunawa. ==
Zayyana abin tunawa na kasa ya biyo bayan ziyarar da Sakatariyar Harkokin Cikin Gida Sally Jewell da Daraktan Sabis na Parks Jonathan Jarvis suka kai wurin a watan Oktoba 2016. <ref name="Cunningham">Ben Cunningham, [https://www.annistonstar.com/news/anniston/the-anniston-greyhound-terminal-a-building-s-route-through-time/article_08cfe1ac-9a35-11e6-9de9-e3f95b177f8b.html The Anniston Greyhound terminal: A building's route through time], ''Anniston Star'' (October 24, 2016).</ref> Shugabannin gida a Anniston da Calhoun County, <ref name="NPSRelease"/> waɗanda suka yi fafutuka don ƙirƙirar abin tunawa. <ref name="Cunningham" /> Sauran wadanda suka goyi bayan kafa ta sun hada da Sanata Richard Shelby ;  Wakili Mike Rogers, wanda ya gabatar da wani doka don zayyana wuraren tarihi na Freedom Riders National Park a Yuli shekarar 2016;  da gwamna Robert J. Bentley . 

An gudanar da bikin sadaukarwa a ranar 13, ga Mayu, shekarata 2017, a cikin garin Anniston, a ranar da ke gaban bikin cika shekaru 56, da aukuwar lamarin; Wasu masu sauraro sun yi tafiya daga nesa zuwa [[Denmark]] . Tsohon Rider Freedom Hank Thomas, wanda shi ne mutun na karshe da ya tsira daga konawar bas, ya yi jawabi. <ref>Pat Byington, [https://bhamnow.com/index.php/2017/05/14/freedom-riders-2/ Freedom Riders National Monument Dedicated (photos and video)], ''Bham Now'' (May 14, 2017).</ref> <ref>Eddie Burkhalter, [https://www.annistonstar.com/news/anniston/freedom-riders-visitors-from-around-the-world-celebrate-anniston-monument/article_3edb9ff8-3845-11e7-9890-57b6a70ee1da.html Freedom Riders, visitors from around the world celebrate Anniston monument], ''Anniston Star'' (May 14, 2017).</ref> Cibiyar baƙo ta wucin gadi, gami da tashar da baƙi za su iya siyan tambarin fasfo na National Parks, an kafa shi a yankin liyafar Anniston City Hall. 

A cikin shekarata 2017, Ma'aikatar Kula da Gandun Wuta ta Ƙasa ta nemi taimako daga jama'a game da tsarawa da fassarar Babban Monument na Ƙasa.  Jami'an tarayya da na gida sun fara tsara tsare-tsare na yau da kullun na gudanarwa a ƙarshen shekarar 2017.  A cikin Maris Na shekarata 2018, Majalisar Birnin Anniston ta ba da izini ga Jami'ar Jihar Jacksonville don gudanar da nazarin tasirin tattalin arziki don abin tunawa. <ref>Daniel Gaddy, [https://www.annistonstar.com/news/anniston/anniston-council-oks-economic-study-for-freedom-riders-monument/article_397cc25a-2ca8-11e8-a489-5b5411c70ee5.html Anniston council OKs economic study for Freedom Riders monument], ''Anniston Star'' (March 20, 2018).</ref>

== Duba wasu abubuwan. ==

* Babban abin tunawa na 'Yancin Bil'adama na Birmingham.
* Abin tunawa na Gida na Medgar da Myrlie Evers.
* Ƙungiyoyin 'yancin ɗan adam a cikin shahararrun al'adun gargajiya.
* Rajista na Kasa na Lissafin Wuraren Tarihi a cikin Calhoun County, Alabama.
* Jerin abubuwan tarihi na ƙasa na Amurka.

== Manazarta. ==
{{Reflist}}

== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==

* [https://www.nps.gov/frri/index.htm Shafin Sabis na Kasa na hukuma]
[[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]