Alcázar

Alcázar
building type (en)
Bayanai
Ƙasa	Ispaniya

Duban Patio de las doncellas, ɓaḥn a cikin Alcázar na Seville.

Alcazar na Segovia.

Zauren Jakadun a Alcázar na Seville (rufi).

A cikin lambuna na Alcázar de los Reyes Cristianos a Cordoba, Andalusia.

Alcázar wani nau'i ne na gidan sarauta ko fada a Spain da Portugal da aka gina a lokacin mulkin musulmi ko da yake ana amfani da kalmar don yawancin katangar zamanin da kiristoci suka gina a farkon katangar Roman, Visigothic ko Moorish. Yawancin alcázars an gina su ne tsakanin ƙarni na 8 zuwa na 15. Ana amfani da kalmar akai-akai azaman ma'ana ga castillo ko castle; Fadojin da sarakunan Kirista suka gina kuma galibi ana kiransu alcázars.

Kalmomi

Kalmar Mutanen Espanya alcázar (lafazi:[alˈkaθaɾ]) ta samo asali ne daga kalmar Larabci wato القصر al-qaṣr "kagara, kagara, ko fada", wanda kuma ya samo asali daga kalmar Latin Castrum ("sansanin soja", "sansanin soja").

Irin waɗannan kalmomi suna wanzu a cikin Galician (alcázar, lafazin [alˈkaθɐɾ]), Portuguese (alcácer, lafazin [ɐɫˈkasɛɾ]), da Catalan (alcàsser, lafazin [əlˈkasəɾ]).

Spain kuma tana da kagaran Moorish da aka sani da alcazabas (القصبة al-qasbah). Duk da haka, ba duk ƙauyuka a Spain ake kira alcázar ba: yawancin ana kiran su castillo a cikin Mutanen Espanya ko castell a Catalan. Haka kuma ba kowane alcázar ko alcazaba da ke Iberia Moors ya gina su ba: yawancin gidaje da waɗannan sunaye an gina su bayan an kori Moors daga Tekun Iberian.

Alamar alcázar

• An fara ambaton Alcázar na Segovia a ƙarni na 12, kodayake tushensa ya samo asali ne tun zamanin Romawa. Wani katafaren gini ne da sarakunan kiristoci suka gina a wurin katangar Moorish. A lokacin Tsakiyar Tsakiya lokacin da yake cikin Mulkin Castile, alcázar na Segovia shine wurin da sarakunan Castilian suka fi so, kuma kusan kowane sarki ya ƙara sabbin sassa zuwa ginin, yana mai da asalin kagara ya zama wurin zama na fili da tsawaita ginin katangar. har zuwa karni na 16, lokacin da sarki Philip na biyu ya kara da sikelin conical da rufin slate. Wata gobara a shekara ta 1862 ta lalata wani ɓangare na rufin, amma an maido da su a irin salon da aka gina su shekaru 300 da suka shige. A cikin wannan katafaren akwai shelar Isabella I a matsayin sarauniyar Castile a cikin 1474 ta fara yakin nasarar Castilian.
• An yi amfani da Alcázar na Toledo a matsayin makarantar soja a zamanin yau. Siege na Alcázar a cikin yakin basasar Sipaniya ya yi nuni da wannan katafaren gidan, wanda dan kishin kasa José Moscardó Ituarte ya rike a kan sojojin Republican. Sojojin Republican sun kama Moscardó dan shekaru 24 Luis, kuma a ranar 23 ga Yuli 1936 sun sanar da Moscardó cewa idan bai juya alcazar cikin mintuna goma ba dansa zai mutu. Lokacin da Moscardó bai mika wuya ba, an kashe Luis, ba nan da nan ba amma bayan wata daya, a ranar 23 ga Agusta.
• Alcázar na Seville, a wurin fadar Almohad Caliphate da ake kira al-Muwarak, an gina shi a cikin 1360s ta masu fasahar Kirista Castilian a cikin salon Mudéjar, kuma akai-akai ana gyara su. Bitrus na Castile ne ya fara amfani da shi tare da farwarsa María de Padilla. Tsarin gine-gine da lambuna sune wurin Tarihin Duniya na UNESCO.
• Alcázar de los Reyes Cristianos, wanda kuma ake kira "Alcázar na Cordoba", a cikin Córdoba, Andalusia, wani gidan sarauta ne na Moorish bayan karni na 13 na Reconquista na Cordoba. Moors sun faɗaɗa sansanin Visigoth zuwa wani babban fili mai lambuna da babban ɗakin karatu. Wannan alcázar shi ne gidan bazara na Sarki Ferdinand da Sarauniya Isabella, kuma wurin da suka hadu da Christopher Columbus kafin shahararren balaguron sa zuwa Amurka.
• Alcazar na Jerez de la Frontera.
• Sansani na Burgos, rugujewar abin da ya kasance alcázar da gidan sarauta.
• Alhambra a Granada.

Alamar alcázars da ba a bayyana ba

• Alcazar na Khalifofin Cordoba shi ne wurin zama na gwamnatin Al-Andalus, kuma mazaunin sarakuna da halifofin Cordoba tun zuwan musulmi a karni na 8 har zuwa lokacin da kiristoci suka mamaye birnin, a shekara ta 1236. yana da jimlar yanki na murabba'in mita 39,000 (420,000 sq ft). Wani ɓangare na tsarinsa ya tsira.
• Masarautar Alcazar na Madrid wani gidan sarauta ne wanda Sarkin sarakuna Charles V, Sarkin Roma Mai Tsarki ya gina, (wanda ɗansa, Philip II ya sake gina shi) kuma shine babban gidan sarauta a Madrid har fadar Buen Retiro ta wani bangare ya maye gurbinsa a karni na 17. An lalata ta da wuta a shekara ta 1734, kuma an gina gidan sarauta na Madrid na yanzu akan wurin. Ana kiran wannan Palacio Nuevo kuma ba a taɓa kiran shi alcázar ba.
• Gidan Alcázar na Segorbe, lardin Castellon, al'ummar Valencia mai cin gashin kansa, wani babban katafaren gini ne wanda sama da shekaru dubu yake zama na sarakuna, sarakuna da sarakuna.

Wajen Spain

A wajen Spain, a Palermo, Sicily, Cassaro yayi daidai da matsugunan Punic na Zis, a kan babban filin da Larabawa suka gyara kuma aka sani da al-qaṣr kuma an ƙara fadada shi a matsayin wurin fadar Norman daga baya.

Tsohon fadar mulkin mallaka a Santo Domingo, wanda aka gina don ɗan Christopher Columbus Diego a 1509, an fi sani da Alcázar de Colón ("Columbus's alcázar") kuma an gina shi cikin salon Andalusian.