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Alkarma mai ban tsoro

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Infotaula d'esdevenimentAlkarma mai ban tsoro

Iri rikici
Bangare na Iraqi Civil War of 2014–2017 (en) Fassara
Kwanan watan 3 Mayu 2015
Wuri Al-Karmah (en) Fassara

Al-karma Mai ban tsoro


Harin na Al-Karmah, mai suna Fajr al-Karma,[1]wani hari ne da Sojojin Iraki da mayakan 'yan Sunni masu adawa da kungiyar ISIL suka kaddamar domin kwato gundumar Al-Karmah da ke hannun 'yan ta'addar Da'esh na Iraki da Levant a Iraki. An fara kai farmakin ne a ranar 14 ga watan Afrilun shekarar 2015. A yayin farmakin sojojin da ke yaki da ISIL sun kwace wani bangare na birnin Al-Karmah [2]da tsohuwar hanyar Al-Karmah[3].

Dangane da harin da gwamnatin Iraki ta kai, ISIL ta kaddamar da farmaki a yankin, inda ta kai hari Ramadi, ta kuma kwace kauyuka uku da ke kusa da ita a ranar 15 ga watan Afrilu,[4]tare da kwace madatsar ruwa ta Tharthar a ranar 24 ga Afrilu.[5]A ranar 15 ga Mayu, ISIS ta mamaye hedkwatar gwamnatin Iraki a Ramadi.[6] Harin ISIL a Ramadi ya sa mutane 114,000 kauracewa yankin, a cewar jami’an Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, wanda ya kara adadin ‘yan gudun hijira daga Anbar tun daga shekarar 2014 zuwa sama da mutane 400,000.[7]


Baya

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Lardin Anbar da ke yammacin Iraki shi ne lardi mafi girma kuma mafi yawan jama'a a kasar. Galibin al'ummar na zaune ne a manyan biranen kasar, kamar Ramadi da Falluja, kuma kusan kowa da kowa a yankin yana zaune ne a wani dan tazara da kogin Furat, wanda macizai daga Bagadaza ya ratsa kan iyakar kasar Siriya. Mafi yawan al'ummar Sunni a Anbar sun kasance tungar gwagwarmayar Iraqi a lokacin da Amurka ta mamaye Iraki (2003-2011). Bayan kisan Falluja na watan Afrilun shekarar 2003 da kuma wargaza sojojin Iraqi a ranar 25 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 2003, yawancin 'yan Sunni mazauna yankin sun juya baya ga mamaya na Amurka. Rushewar ta sa dubban daruruwan Anbari ba su da aikin yi, kasancewar da yawa daga cikin sojoji ne ko kuma jam'iyyar, kuma suna kallon wargaza shi a matsayin wani abin raini ga al'ummar Irak[8].

A shekara ta 2004, lardin ya kasance cikin cikakken tawaye. Kungiyar Al-Qaeda a Iraki ta zama babbar kungiyar 'yan Sunni a lardin, inda ta mayar da hedkwatar lardin Ramadi ta zama tungarta. Yaƙe-yaƙe da dama, kamar Yaƙin Ramadi (2004), Yaƙin Fallujah na Farko (Afrilu 2004), Yaƙin Fallujah na Biyu (Nuwamba – Disamba 2004), Yaƙin Ramadi na Biyu (2006), ya ɓata yankin yayin da ’yan tawayen Iraqi suka fafata da Amurkawa. mamaya domin sarrafa Anbar. A cikin shekaru hudu na farko na Operation Freedom Iraqi, lardin Anbar shi ne lardi mafi muni ga ma'aikatan Amurka, wanda ya yi ikirarin kusan kashi daya bisa uku na mace-macen Amurkawa.[9] Wani bangare na muhimmancinsa ya zo ne daga yadda yammacin kogin Furat ya kasance wata muhimmiyar hanya ta kutsawa ga mayakan kasashen waje da suka nufi yankin Iraki daga Syria.[10]

A watan Agustan 2006, kabilu da dama da ke kusa da Ramadi, karkashin jagorancin Sheikh Abdul Sattar Abu Risha, sun yi tawaye ga AQI. Kabilun sun kaddamar da farkawa ta Anbar tare da taimakawa wajen tunkarar maharan. Dakarun kabilanci na Amurka da Iraqi sun sake kwace birnin Ramadi a farkon shekara ta 2007, da kuma wasu garuruwa irin su Hīt, Haditha, da Rutbah. A watan Yunin 2007, Amurka ta mayar da hankalinta ga lardin Anbar ta gabas tare da tsare garuruwan Fallujah da Al-Karmah. Bayan janyewar sojojin Amurka daga Iraki a shekara ta 2011, a shekara ta 2014 ne dakarun ISIL suka mamaye yankin a birnin Anbar.[11]Ya zuwa ƙarshen watan Yuni na 2014, aƙalla kashi 70% na lardin Anbar na ƙarƙashin ikon ISIS,[12]ciki har da garuruwan Fallujah,[13][14]Al-Qa'im[15],Abu Ghraib,[16] da rabi. na Ramadi[17].

A matsayin martani ga mamayar kungiyar ISIL, gwamnatin Iraki tare da hadin gwiwar sojojin Amurka da na Iran, sun kaddamar da yakin kasa da kasa kan kungiyar ISIL, wanda ya hada da harin Anbar. A lokacin da aka fara kai hare-haren dai, tungar gwamnatin Irakin a yankin mai yawan jama'a na lardin shi ne a Ramadi, babban birnin lardin Anbar, yayin da 'yan ta'addar ISIL ke rike da wajen birnin, da ma galibin yankin.

Sojojin gwamnati

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Harin na Anbar wani babban kawance ne na dakarun yaki daban-daban a hukumance karkashin jagorancin Dakarun Tsaro na gwamnatin Iraki (ISF)[18] Hashed al-Shaabi (ko Popular Mobilisation Brigades) ne ke taimaka musu, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta da ke karkashin ikon gwamnatin Iraki wadda akasari ta kunshi 'Yan sa kai na 'yan Shi'a, amma kuma sun hada da daruruwan mayakan Sunni.[19] Mummunan fadan da aka gwabza a garin Anbar dai jami'an 'yan sandan Iraki ne da ke samun goyon bayan 'yan kabilar Sunni masu arziki a cikin kasar wadanda suka ki amincewa da ISF ko dakarun Shi'a su shiga Ramadi saboda kiyayyar tarihi da ke tsakanin Sunni da Shi'a[24]. Da farko an ba da labarin cewa mayaka 'yan Sunna 10,000 za su shiga cikin sojojin gwamnatin Iraki.[20] Ya zuwa ranar 9 ga Mayu, 'yan kabilar 1,000 sun shiga cikin sojojin Iraki a sansaninsu da ke Amiriyat al-Fallujah, don wani sabon kiyasin da aka yi kiyasin yawan mayakan kabilanci "har ya kai 6,000".[21]Har ila yau sojojin na Iraki sun samu tallafin ta sama daga rundunar hadin gwiwa ta Operation Inherent Resolve da ke yaki da kungiyar ISIL a kasashen Siriya da Iraki da Amurka ke jagoranta a birnin Anbar tun daga watan Oktoban shekarar 2014.[22]Ostiraliya, Belgium, Kanada, Denmark, Faransa, Jordan, Netherlands, Burtaniya RAF[23]da Amurka duk sun yi jigilar bama-bamai a cikin Operation Inherent Resolve.

manazarta

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  1. ↑ https://www.iraqinews.com/iraq-war/mod-iraqi-army-kills-14-terrorists-dismantles-95-ieds-al-karma-district/
  2. ↑ "Iraqi forces advance against Daesh stronghold in west Anbar province". Albawaba. Retrieved 27 April 2015.
  3. ↑ "Iraqi army recaptures some areas from Daesh in Anbar province". Albawaba. Retrieved 27 April2015.
  4. ↑ "Islamic State opens major offensive in Iraq's Anbar province". SF Gate. 15 April 2015. Retrieved 16 April 2015.
  5. ↑ "Islamic State takes military barracks, dam in Iraq's Anbar: sources". Reuters. 25 April 2015. Retrieved 26 April 2015.
  6. ↑ Arango, Tim (15 May 2015). "ISIS Fighters Seize Government Headquarters in Ramadi, Iraq". The New York Times. Retrieved 15 May 2015.
  7. ↑ Over 114,000 flee fighting in Iraq's Ramadi area: UN". Your Middle East. 21 April 2015. Archived from the original on 1 November 2022. Retrieved 27 April 2015.
  8. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Karmah_offensive#CITEREFMcWilliamsWheeler2009
  9. ↑ Video: Corps Report Episode 54" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on September 15, 2012.
  10. ↑ Video: Corps Report Episode 54" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on September 15, 2012.
  11. ↑ Woodruff, Judy (21 April 2015). "Fleeing and fighting Islamic State forces in Anbar province". PBS.org. Retrieved 25 April 2015
  12. ↑ Carter, Chelsea J.; Alkhshali, Hamdi; and Capelouto, Susanna (23 June 2014). "John Kerry holds talks in Iraq as more cities fall to ISIS militants". CNN. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
  13. ↑ "Al Qaeda-linked militants capture Fallujah during violent outbreak". Fox News Channel. 4 January 2014. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
  14. ↑ Iraq's Fallujah falls to Qaeda militants as 65 killed". 7 News. 5 January 2014. Archived from the original on 6 January 2014.
  15. ↑ "Militants kill 21 Iraqi leaders, capture 2 border crossings". NY Daily News. Retrieved 16 October2014.
  16. ↑ Iraq Update #42: Al-Qaeda in Iraq Patrols Fallujah; Aims for Ramadi, Mosul, Baghdad". Institute for the Study of War. Retrieved 5 January 2014.
  17. ↑ "Islamic State overruns Camp Speicher, routs Iraqi forces". Long War Journal. 19 July 2014. Retrieved 16 October 2014.
  18. ↑ Banco, Erin (27 April 2015). "Divisions Among Iraqis Help ISIS, Defeated In Tikrit, Gain Ground In Anbar". International Business Times. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  19. ↑ Iraq enlists Sunnis for fight against IS in Anbar". Gulf News. 8 May 2015. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  20. ↑ SIS executes 300 people west of Anbar". Iraq News. 9 April 2015. Retrieved 17 April 2015.
  21. ↑ Iraq enlists Sunnis for fight against IS in Anbar". Gulf News. 8 May 2015. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  22. ↑ Operation Inherent Resolve". defense.gov. Archived from the original on 21 October 2014. Retrieved 14 May 2015
  23. ↑ https://www.gov.uk/government/news/latest-iraq-air-strikes
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