Amenhotep III

Aminhotep III Daga Wikipedia, encyclopedia na kyauta Tsallaka zuwa kewayawa Tsalle don bincika Amenhotep IIINibmu(`w)areya,[1] Mimureya, Aminophis III Hoton Amenhotep III, Gidan Tarihi na Biritaniya Masarautar Fir'auna1391-1353 ko 1388-1351 BCPMai GabatarwaThutmose IV Magaji Akhenaten nuna sarauta mai taken ConsortTiye Gilukhepa Tadukhepa Sitamun IsetChildrenThutmose Aminhotep IV/Akhenaten Sitamun Iset Henuttaneb Nebetah "The Young Lady" Beketaten (wanda aka tsara) Smenkhkare (wanda aka sani) UbaThutmose IVUwar Mutemwiya ta rasu1353 BC ko 1351 BCBurialWV22; An samo Mummy a cikin ma'ajiyar sarauta ta KV35 (Theban Necropolis) MonumentsMalkata, Gidan gawarwaki na Amenhotep III, Kolossi na MemnonDaular daular18th Amenhotep III (Tsohon Masarawa: jmn-ḥtp (.w) Amānəḥūtpū, IPA: [ʔaˌmaːnəʔˈķutpu];[4] [5] "Amun ya gamsu"[6]), kuma aka sani da Amenhotep the Magnificent ko Amenhotep the Great and Hellenized as Amenophis III, shi ne Fir'auna na tara na daular sha takwas. A cewar mawallafa daban-daban, ya mulki Masar daga Yuni 1386 zuwa 1349 BC, ko kuma daga Yuni 1388 BC zuwa Disamba 1351 BC/1350 BC, [7] bayan mahaifinsa Thutmose IV ya rasu. Aminhotep ɗan Thutmose ne ta wata ƙaramar mata, Mutemwiya.[8] Mulkinsa wani lokaci ne na wadata da daukaka da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba, lokacin da Masar ta kai kololuwar karfin fasaharta da na kasa da kasa, don haka ake daukarsa daya daga cikin manyan fir'aunawan Masar na d ¯ a.[9][10][11] Lokacin da ya rasu a shekara ta 38 ko 39 ta sarautarsa ​​ya gaje shi da dansa Amenhotep IV, wanda daga baya ya canza suna zuwa Akhenaten. Abubuwan da ke ciki 1 Iyali da farkon rayuwa 2Rayuwa da mulki 2.1 Kotun Aminhotep III 2.2 Fadar Malkata 2.3 bukukuwan Sed 2.4 Alakar kasa da kasa 3 Nasara 3.1 Abubuwan da aka gabatar tare da Aminhotep IV / Akhenaten 4 Daga baya rayuwa 4.1 Lafiya da mutuwa 4.2 Jana'iza da mummy 5 Monuments da abubuwan gado 6 Zuriya da Halittu 7 Gallery 8 Duba kuma 9 Bayanan kafa 10 Littafi Mai Tsarki Iyali da farkon rayuwa [gyara tushe] Amenhotep da Tiye tare da daya daga cikin ‘ya’yansu mata Amenhotep ɗan Thutmose IV ne da ƙaramar matarsa ​​Mutemwiya. An haife shi mai yiwuwa a shekara ta 1401 BC.[12] Daga baya a cikin rayuwarsa, Amenhotep ya ba da izini a nuna hoton haihuwarsa na allahntaka a Haikali na Luxor. Aminhotep ya yi iƙirarin cewa mahaifinsa na gaskiya shi ne allahn Amun, wanda ya ɗauki siffar Thutmose IV ya haifi ɗa tare da Mutemwiya.[13][14] A cikin Regnal Year 2, Amenhotep ya auri Tiye, 'yar Yuya da Thuya. Tiye ita ce Babbar Matar Sarauta a duk lokacin mulkin Amenhotep. Yawancin scarab na tunawa an ba da izini kuma an rarraba su a lokacin mulkin Amenhotep. A kan "aure scarabs," Amenhotep ya tabbatar da ikonsa na allahntaka da halaccin matarsa. Tare da Tiye, Amenhotep ya haifi aƙalla 'ya'ya maza biyu, Crown Prince Thutmose da Amenhotep IV (wanda ake kira Akhenaten). Bugu da ƙari, ana yawan ba da ɗimbin 'ya'ya mata ga ma'aurata: Sitamun, Henuttaneb, Iset, Nebeta, da Beketaten.[15] Yawancin 'ya'ya mata suna fitowa akai-akai akan mutum-mutumi da abubuwan jin daɗi daga mulkin Amenhotep.[16] Duk da haka, an ba da shaidar Nebeta sau ɗaya kawai, a kan babban rukunin mutane-mutumi na dutsen ƙasa na Medinet Habu, [15] [17] da Beketaten kawai ya bayyana a cikin Amarna.[18] Daya daga cikin abubuwan tunawa da yawa na "scarabs aure" na Amenhotep, wanda ke tabbatar da ikon allahntaka na sarki da halaccin matarsa, Tiye. Walters Art Museum, Baltimore. Aminhotep kuma wani lokaci ana lasafta shi a matsayin mahaifin Smenkhkare ko Tutankhamun, tare da shawarwari daban-daban ga uwayensu, amma waɗannan ka'idodin ba a yarda da su kamar sauran sanannun 'ya'yansa. Baya ga Tiye, Amenhotep yana da wasu mata da yawa. A cikin Regnal Year 10, Amenhotep ya auri Gilukhepa, 'yar Shuttarna II na Mitanni.[19] Daga baya ya auri Tadukhepa, diyar Tushratta ta Mitanni, a cikin ko wajen Regnal Year 36 na mulkinsa.[20][21] Sauran matan da ba a san sunayensu ba, sun hada da: ‘yar Kurigalzu, sarkin Babila; 'yar Kadashman-Enlil, Sarkin Babila; 'ya maceko Tarhundaradu, sarkin Arzawa; da ‘yar sarkin Ammia (Syriya ta zamani).[21] A karshe, ya auri akalla biyu daga cikin ‘ya’yansa mata, Sitamun da Iset, a cikin shekaru goma na karshen mulkinsa. Rubuce-rubucen jar-label daga Regnal Year 30 suna nuna cewa an ɗaukaka Sitamun zuwa matsayin Babbar Matar Sarauta a lokacin.[15] Ko da yake Masarawa gama gari sun guje su, amma ba a saba gani ba a tsakanin sarakuna.[22] Wani sassaken da Amenhotep ya gyara wa kakansa, Amenhotep II, ya nuna Sitamun tare da wani matashin basarake a gefenta[22]. Wannan ya haifar da tunanin cewa Sitamun ita ce mahaifiyar Smekhkare da/ko Tutankhamun. Rayuwa da mulki [gyara tushe] Aminhotep III da Sarauniya Tiye, Babbar Matar Sarauta ta Amenhotep Wataƙila Aminhotep ya zama Fir’auna sa’ad da yake tsakanin shekara 6 zuwa 12. Ko da yake mai yiyuwa ne mai mulki zai yi mulki har ya girma, babu wani da aka ba da shaida a cikin tarihin rayuwa. A cikin shekara ta 11 na Regnal, Amenhotep ya ba da umarnin gina wani tafkin wucin gadi a garin Tiye na Djakaru. Sa'an nan ya yi bikin buɗe tafkin a wata na uku na Inundation, a rana ta goma sha shida, kuma ya kama jirgin ruwa Aten-tjehen a tafkin. An gudanar da wannan taron ne a kan aqalla a kalla goma sha ɗaya.[23] Daga sauran scarabs, Aminhotep an san ya kashe zakoki 102 ko 110 a cikin shekaru goma na farkon mulkinsa.[24] Duk da bajintar da Amenhotep ya nuna a lokacin farautar, an san shi ya shiga cikin lamarin soji guda ɗaya kawai. A cikin shekara biyar na Regnal, ya jagoranci yaƙin neman zaɓe na yaƙi da tawaye a Kush. An yi bikin tunawa da wannan nasara ta wasu sassaƙaƙen dutse da aka samu a kusa da Aswan da Saï a Nubia. Labarin nasarar da Aminhotep ya samu na soja yana jaddada bajintarsa ​​da irin yanayin da ake ciki.[25] Kotun Aminhotep III [gyara tushe] Akwai muhimmiyar shaida ga jami'an kotuna da suka yi aiki a zamanin Amenhotep, musamman ta hanyar gano kaburburansu a Theban Necropolis. Daga cikin wadannan jami'an kotun har da masu rike da mukamin Ramose, Amenhotep, Aperel, da Ptahmose. Sauran jami'ai sun hada da ma'aji Ptahmose da Merire; manyan ma'aikatan, Amenemhat Sure da Amenhotep (Huy); da Mataimakin Kush, Merimose. Amenhotep, ɗan Hapu ya rike mukamai da yawa a zamanin Amenhotep fir'auna, amma an fi saninsa da samun ikon gina haikalin gawawwaki a bayan na sarki[26]. Aminhotep, ɗan Hapu, ya kasance abin bautãwa bayan mutuwarsa kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin ƴan tsirarun waɗanda ba na sarauta ba da ake bautawa ta irin wannan hanyar.[27][28] Fadar Malkata [gyara tushe] An gina fadar Malkata a karni na 14 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa kuma tsohon sunansa Per-Hay, "House of Rejoicing". Asalinsu, an san fadar da Fadar Dazzling Aten. An gina shi da tubalin laka, mazaunin Amenhotep ne a cikin mafi yawan ɓangaren mulkinsa. An fara ginin a kusan shekara ta 11, aka ci gaba da yin gini har sarki ya koma fāda har abada. Sed bukukuwan [gyara tushe] Aminhotep ya yi bukukuwan Sed guda uku a Regnal Years 30, 34, da 37, kowanne a fadar Malkata a yammacin Thebes.[29] An gina haikalin Amun da zauren biki musamman domin bukukuwan.[30] Bikin Sed al'ada ce da ta yi kwanan wata zuwa Tsohuwar Mulki, [31] wanda ya ƙunshi jerin gwaje-gwajen da ke nuna cancantar Fir'auna don ci gaba da zama sarkin Masar. Dangane da alamun da mai kula da Sarauniya Tiye Khenruef ya bari, mai yiwuwa bikin ya ɗauki watanni biyu zuwa takwas.[32] Aminhotep yana son bukukuwan Sed ɗinsa su kasance masu ban mamaki fiye da na baya.[33] Ya nada Amenhotep, ɗan Hapu, don tsara bikin, mai yiwuwa saboda yana ɗaya daga cikin ƴan majalisar da har yanzu suna raye da suka yi hidima a bikin Sed na ƙarshe, wanda aka yi don Amenhotep II.[33] A shirye-shiryen bikin Sed na farko.Amenhotep, ɗan Hapu, ya ɗauki marubuta don tattara bayanai daga rubuce-rubuce da rubuce-rubuce, waɗanda aka fi samu a cikin tsoffin haikalin jana'izar, [33] suna kwatanta al'adu da kayan ado masu dacewa. An gina haikali kuma an kafa mutum-mutumi sama da ƙasan kogin Nilu. Masu sana'a da kayan ado sun kirkiro kayan ado suna yin sharhi game da taron da suka hada da kayan ado, kayan ado, da sulke.[33] Marubuci Nebmerutef ya daidaita kowane mataki na taron.[34] Ya umurci Amenhotep ya yi amfani da sandarsa ya buga ƙofofin haikali. Kusa da shi, Amenhotep-Hapu ya kwatanta ƙoƙarinsa kamar inuwar sarauta.[34] Sarki ya biyo bayansa Sarauniya Tiye da ‘ya’yan sarauta. Lokacin ƙaura zuwa wani wurin, tutar allahn jackal Wepwawet, "Maɗaukakin Hanyoyi" ya riga Sarki. Sarki ya canza tufafinsa a kowane babban aiki na bikin.[34] Daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da suka fi daukar hankali a wannan biki shi ne nadin sarautar sarki biyu. An naɗa shi dabam don Upper da Lower Egypt. Domin Upper Egypt, Amenhotep ya sanya farin kambi amma ya canza zuwa kambin ja don nadin sarautar Masar ta ƙasa.[35] Bayan bikin Sed, Amenhotep ya ƙetare daga zama allahntaka na kusa zuwa ɗaya allahntaka.[36] Watakila daga baya sarkin ya zagaya fadin kasar Masar bayan bikin, wanda zai iya sake shirya bikin ga masu sauraro daban-daban[32]. Sarakunan Masar kaɗan ne suka rayu tsawon lokaci don bikin nasu. Wadanda suka tsira sun yi amfani da bikin a matsayin tabbatar da canji zuwa ga allahntaka. Alakar kasa da kasa [gyara tushe] Amarna wasika. Wasika daga Labayu (mai mulkin Shechem) zuwa ga Fir'auna na Masar Amenhotep III ko dansa Akhenaten. Karni na 14 KZ. Daga Tell el-Amarna, Misira. Wasikun diflomasiyya daga zamanin Amenhotep an adana su a cikin wasiƙun Amarna, tarin takardu da aka samu a kusa da birnin Amarna. Wasiƙun sun fito ne daga sarakunan Assuriya, Mitanni, Babila, Hatti, da sauran jahohi, yawanci sun haɗa da buƙatun waɗanda sarakunan suka yi na zinariya da sauran kyaututtuka daga Amenhotep. Wasiƙun sun ƙunshi lokacin daga shekara ta 30 na Amenhotep har zuwa aƙalla ƙarshen mulkin Akhenaten. A cikin Wasiƙar Amarna EA 4, Sarkin Babila Kadashman-Enlil I ya ɗauko Amenhotep ya yi watsi da roƙon na ƙarshe na ya auri ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'yan Fir'auna: Tun a tarihi, ba a ba wa kowa ‘yar sarkin Masar[pt] ba.[37] Ƙin Aminhotep na ƙyale ɗaya daga cikin ’ya’yansa mata ya auri sarkin Babila hakika ya biyo baya ne daga al’adar masarautar Masar, wadda ta ba da izinin da’awa a kan karagar mulki ta hanyar zuriyar gimbiya. Hakanan ana iya kallonsa a matsayin dabarar diflomasiyya don haɓaka martabar Masar, kamar yadda Amenhotep da kansa ya auri ’ya’yan sarakunan ƙasashen waje da yawa yayin da ya ƙi su ’ya’yansa mata. Har ila yau, wasiƙun Amarna suna nuni ga musayar tsakanin Amenhotep da Sarkin Mitanni Tushratta na mutum-mutumi na allahiya mai warkarwa, Ishtar na Nineba, a ƙarshen zamanin Amenhotep. Gabaɗaya malamai sun ɗauka cewa Aminhotep ne ya nemi zaman mutum-mutumin a ƙasar Masar domin ya warkar da shi daga cututtuka daban-daban da suka haɗa da ƙurji mai zafi a cikin haƙoransa[38]. Duk da haka, nazarin William L. Moran na Amarna Letter EA 23, dangane da aika mutum-mutumi zuwa Thebes, ya yi rangwamen wannan ka'idar. An san zuwan mutum-mutumin ya zo daidai da auren Amenhotep da Tadukhepa, 'yar Tushratta, a shekara ta 36 da Fir'auna; Harafin EA 23 zuwa Masar yana kwanan wata “shekara ta 36, ​​wata na huɗu na hunturu, rana ta 1” ta mulkinsa.[39] Bugu da ƙari, Tushratta bai taɓa ambata a cikin EA 23 cewa aika mutum-mutumin na nufin warkar da Amenhotep daga cututtukansa ba. Madadin haka, Tushratta ya rubuta a sashi: ... Don haka Šauška na Nineba, uwargidan dukan ƙasashe: "Ina so in tafi Masar, ƙasar da nake ƙauna, sa'an nan kuma in koma." Yanzu na aike ta, tana kan hanya. Yanzu, a lokacin ma, mahaifina,...[ta] tafi wannan ƙasa, kuma kamar yadda ta zauna a can da farko.sun karrama ta, dan uwana yanzu ya kara daraja ta sau 10 fiye da da. Bari ɗan'uwana ya girmama ta, sa'an nan kuma da yardarsa ya bar ta ta tafi domin ta komo. Bari Šauška (wato, Ishtar), uwargidan sama, ya kiyaye mu, ni da ɗan'uwana, shekaru 100,000, kuma ubangijinmu ya ba mu duka biyun farin ciki mai girma. Kuma bari mu zama abokai. Shin, Šauška ni kaɗai ne allahna, kuma ga ɗan'uwana, ba al'ummarsa ba ce?[40] Mafi kusantar bayanin shi ne cewa an aika da mutum-mutumin zuwa Masar "domin zubar da albarkarta a kan bikin auren Amenhotep da Tadukhepa, kamar yadda aka aiko ta a baya don Amenhotep da Gilukhepa." [41] Moran ya yarda cewa wannan bayanin ya fi yiwuwa. 42] Bugu da ari, Moran ya bayar da hujjar cewa abin da ke cikin Amarna Letter EA 21 ya goyi bayan wannan da'awar, wanda Tushratta ya nemi alloli, ciki har da Ishtar, don albarkar auren. [43] A ƙarni na 14 KZ, Fir'auna ya aika da balaguro zuwa Cyprus don kafa Masarautar Masar a tsibirin, wanda daga baya ya ci gaba da kula da shi tsawon ƙarni da yawa. A wannan lokacin, Masarawa sun kafa ƙauyuka da yawa a tsibirin, kuma suna fitar da tagulla da sauran albarkatun ƙasa daga Cyprus zuwa Masar don musayar kayan alatu da sauran kayayyaki.[44] Duk da haka, kasancewar Masarawa a Cyprus wani lokaci yakan katse shi ta hanyar kutse na wasu iko, ciki har da Hittiyawa da Mycenaeans. Nasara [gyara tushe] Thutmose, babban ɗan Amenhotep III tare da matarsa ​​Tiye, sun zama Yarima mai jiran gado, [46] amma ya mutu kafin mahaifinsa. A ƙarshe Aminhotep ya gaje shi da ɗansa na biyu, wanda ya hau gadon sarauta a matsayin Amenhotep IV kuma daga baya ya ɗauki sunan Akhenaten. Abubuwan da aka gabatar tare da Aminhotep IV / Akhenaten [gyara tushe] An daɗe ana tunanin cewa Amenhotep III ya raba gaskiya tare da ɗansa Amenhotep IV. Lawrence Berman ya yi iƙirarin cewa masu ba da ra'ayi na gaskiya sun kasance masana tarihi na fasaha, yayin da masana tarihi suka kasance ba su da tabbas.[47] Eric Cline, Nicholas Reeves, Peter Dorman, da sauran malamai suna jayayya da kakkausar murya akan kafa dogon lokaci tsakanin shuwagabannin biyu, kuma suna goyon bayan ko dai babu wani matsayi ko ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan shekaru biyu.[48] Donald B. Redford, William J. Murnane, Alan Gardiner, da Lawrence Berman sun yi hamayya da ra'ayi na kowane matsayi tsakanin Akhenaten da mahaifinsa.  Wani mutum-mutumi na Amenhotep III wanda Gidan Tarihi na Cleveland ya tattara. An halicci hoton a lokacin mulkinsa. Shaidu da ke da alaƙa sun haɗa da Wasiƙar Amarna EA 27, wacce aka yi kwanan watan Regnal Year 2 na Amenhotep IV. Batun wasiƙar ya ƙunshi ƙarar sarkin Mitanniya Tushratta, yana mai da'awar cewa Amenhotep IV bai cika alkawarin mahaifinsa ba na aika da mutum-mutumin zinariya na Tushratta a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin aure tsakanin Tadukhepa, da Amenhotep na uku.[49] Wannan wasiƙar tana nuna cewa idan wani sahihanci ya faru tsakanin Amenhotep da Akhenaten, bai wuce shekara ɗaya ba.[50] Duk da haka a cikin Fabrairu 2014, Ma'aikatar Tsohon Masarautar Masar ta sanar da cewa binciken da aka yi daga kabarin Vizier Amenhotep-Huy ya ba da "tabbatacciyar shaida" na daidaitattun da ya kasance aƙalla shekaru takwas.[51][52] A cikin kabarin, an sassaƙa zane-zane na fir'auna biyu gefe da gefe. Duk da haka, tun daga lokacin wasu masanan Masar sun yi tambaya game da wannan ƙarshe, a cewar waɗanda rubutun na nufin kawai ginin kabarin Amenhotep-Huy ya fara ne a zamanin Amenhotep III kuma ya ƙare a ƙarƙashin Akhenaten, kuma Amenhotep-Huy don haka kawai ya so ya biya bukatunsa. sarakunan biyu, suna sassaƙa sunayensu dabam maimakon lokaci guda. Daga baya rayuwa [gyara tushe] Amenhotep da Sobek, daga Dahamsha, yanzu a cikin Luxor Museum Lafiya da mutuwa [gyara tushe] Mafi girman shaidar Aminhotep shine shekara ta 38, wanda ke bayyana akan tambarin kwalban giya daga Malkata.[53] Wataƙila ya rayu a taƙaice cikin shekara ta 39 da ba a rubuta ba kumaya mutu kafin girbin inabi na wannan shekarar.[54] Taimako daga bangon haikalin Soleb a Nubia da kuma al'amuran daga kabarin Theban na Kheruef, Ma'aikacin Babbar Matar Sarki, Tiye, sun nuna Aminhotep a matsayin mutum mai rauni da mara lafiya.[55] Masana kimiyya sun yi imanin cewa a cikin shekarunsa na ƙarshe ya yi fama da ciwon huhu da kuma kiba. Bugu da kari, binciken kwakwaf da aka yi wa mummy ya nuna sawa da hakora masu cike da rami wanda tabbas sun haifar da ciwo akai-akai. Binciken da aka yi wa mummy da masanin ilimin halittar dan kasar Australia Grafton Elliot Smith ya kammala cewa fir'auna ya rasu yana da shekara 40 zuwa 50.[56] Ya bar aƙalla ɗa guda, magajinsa Amenhotep IV. Matarsa ​​Tiye an san cewa ta rasu aƙalla shekaru goma sha biyu, kamar yadda aka ambata ta a cikin wasiƙun Amarna da yawa waɗanda aka yi kwanan watan sarautar ɗanta, da kuma waɗanda aka nuna a teburin cin abinci na sarauta a shekarun 9 da 12 na Akhenaten, a cikin fage na kabarin. ko Huya.[57][47] Shugabannin kasashen waje sun bayyana alhininsu game da mutuwar Fir'auna, tare da Tushratta yana cewa: Da na ji cewa yayana Nimmureya ya tafi ajalinsa, a ranar na zauna ina kuka. A ranar ban ci abinci ba, ban sha ruwa ba[58]. Kabari da mummy [gyara tushe] Mummy na Amenhotep III yayin kwancewa An binne Amenhotep a cikin kabari WV22 a Yammacin Yammacin Kwarin Sarakuna a wajen Thebes. Kabarin shi ne mafi girma a Yammacin kwarin Sarakuna kuma ya haɗa da ɗakunan gefe guda biyu don Manyan Matansa na Sarauta, Tiye da Sitamun. Duk da haka, da alama ba a binne kowace mace a can ba. A lokacin mulkin Smendes a cikin tsaka-tsaki na uku, mummy ta Amenhotep daga baya an koma cikin mummy cache a cikin KV35 tare da wasu fir'aunai da yawa na daular sha takwas da sha tara, inda ta kwanta har sai da Victor Loret ya gano a cikin 1898.[59][60] ]] Domin daular ta 18, mummy tana nuna amfani da kayan da ba a saba gani ba don sa mummy ta zama mai kama da rayuwa.[61] Mummy tana da lambar kayan tarihi ta CG 61074.[61] Mummified shugaban Amenhotep III bayan kwancewa A cikin Afrilu 2021, an ɗauke mummy daga gidan kayan tarihi na kayan tarihi na Masar zuwa gidan adana kayan tarihi na wayewar Masar, tare da na wasu sarakuna 17 da sarauniya 4 a wani lamari mai suna Faratin Zinare na Fir'auna.[62] Monuments da gadoji [gyara tushe] Kolossus na arewacin MemnonAmenhotep, Gidan kayan tarihi na Luxor Aminhotep yana da bambanci na samun mafi girman mutum-mutumi na kowane Fir'auna na Masar, tare da gano sama da 250. Wadannan mutum-mutumin suna ba da jerin hotuna da suka shafi dukan tsawon mulkinsa. Lokacin da Amenhotep ya mutu, ya bar wata ƙasa a daidai lokacin da take da iko da tasirinta, yana ba da umarni ga mutuƙar girma a duniya ta duniya. Duk da haka, ƙasa ce da ta yi aure da tsoffin tabbatattun siyasa da addini a ƙarƙashin firist na Amun.[63] Rikicin da ya samo asali daga himmar gyara na ɗansa Akhenaton ya girgiza waɗannan tsoffin tabbatattun tabbatattu, kuma ya tilasta babbar tambaya ko fir'auna ya fi al'ummarsa ƙarfi kamar yadda ake wakilta a cikin bautar Amun. Har ma Akhenaten ya kawar da babban birnin kasar daga Thebes, cibiyar bautar Amun, ya gina Amarna, birnin da aka keɓe ga sabon allahntakarsa, Aten.[64] Amenhotep ya gina da yawa a haikalin Karnak, gami da haikalin Luxor tare da pylons biyu, wani gidan sarauta a bayan sabon ƙofar haikalin, da sabon haikali ga gunkin Ma'at. Amenhotep ya wargaza Pylon na Hudu na Haikali na Amun a Karnak don gina sabon Pylon na Uku - kuma ya ƙirƙiri sabuwar hanyar shiga wannan ginin inda ya kafa layuka biyu na ginshiƙai tare da buɗe manyan manyan papyrus a tsakiyar wannan sabuwar hanyar da aka kafa. [65] An ƙawata hanyar da ke tsakanin ƙorafi na uku da na huɗu, wanda wani lokaci ana kiransa kotun obelisk, kuma an ƙawata shi da wuraren ibadar jana'izar gumakan Amun, Mut, da Khonsu.[65] Sarki kuma ya fara aiki a ranar gomaPylon a Haikali na Amun. Aminhotep na farko da aka rubuta a matsayin sarki - a cikin shekarunsa na 1 da 2 - shine ya buɗe sabbin ma'adanai a Tura, kudu da Alkahira da kuma Dayr al-Barsha a Masar ta Tsakiya don gudanar da manyan ayyukan gininsa.[66] Ya kusan rufe Nubia da sabbin abubuwan tunawa: ...ciki har da wani karamin haikali tare da mallaka (wanda aka keɓe ga Thutmose III) a Elephantine, wani haikalin dutse da aka keɓe ga Amun "Ubangiji na Hanyoyi" a Wadi es-Sebuam, da haikalin Horus na Miam a Aniba ... da kuma kafa] ƙarin haikali a Kawa da Sesebi.[67] Luxor Temple na Amenhotep Babban haikalinsa na gawa da ke yammacin gabar kogin Nilu, a zamaninsa, shi ne wurin ibada mafi girma a Thebes, amma sarki ya gina kusa da filin ambaliya, kuma bayan shekaru fiye da ɗari biyu sai ya zama kufai. Yawancin gine-ginen Merneptah ne kuma daga baya fir'auna suka yi aikin ginin nasu.[68] Abin da ya rage a tsaye shi ne ƙofa tare da Kolossi na Memnon - manyan mutum-mutumin dutse guda biyu da ke nuna Amenhotep, tsayin mita 18 (59 ft). Aminhotep ya gina Pylon na uku a Karnak kuma ya gina mutum-mutumi 600 na allahiya Sekhmet a cikin Haikalin Mut a kudu.[69] Wasu daga cikin manyan mutum-mutumi na Sabuwar Masarautar Masar sun kasance a zamanin mulkinsa "kamar manyan gadaje biyu na zakoki masu girma waɗanda aka kafa a gaban haikali a Soleb a Nubia" da kuma babban jerin sassaka na sarauta.[70] Wasu mutum-mutumin baƙar fata da ke zaune na Amenhotep sanye da rigunan nono sun fito ne daga hakowa a bayan Colossi na Memnon da kuma Tanis a cikin Delta.[70] A cikin 2014, an sake gina manyan mutum-mutumi guda biyu na Amenhotep da girgizar ƙasa ta rushe a shekara ta 1200 BC daga guntu fiye da 200 kuma an sake gina su a ƙofar arewa ta haikalin jana'izar sarki.[71] Ɗaya daga cikin mafi ban sha'awa da aka samu na mutum-mutumin sarauta da ke da dangantaka da mulkinsa an yi shi a kwanan nan kamar 1989 a cikin farfajiyar Aminhotep's colonnade na Temple na Luxor. Ma'ajiyar mutum-mutumin sun haɗa da wani mutum-mutumi mai tsayi mai tsayi ƙafa 6 (m1.8) mai tsayi mai tsayi mai tsayi na sarki sanye da Kambi Biyu.[70] An ɗora shi a kan sled, kuma mai yiyuwa ne mutum-mutumi na ibada.[70] Sunan gunkin Amun ne kawai aka satar a duk inda ya bayyana a cikin kwas ɗin fir'auna, a fili yake yana cikin yaƙin Akhenaten na yaƙi da allahn mahaifinsa[70]. Baya: The Stela na Amenhotep. baya: wanda Merenptah (1213–1203 a.c.) ya taso da kayan tarihin MasarHieroglyphs akan ginshiƙi na mutum-mutumi na Amenhotep. Akwai wurare 2 da Akhenaten ya goge sunan Amun, daga baya aka mayar da shi akan wani wuri mai zurfi. British Museum, London Ɗaya daga cikin fitattun kalmomin Aminhotep shine Aten-tjehen wanda ke nufin "Dazzling Sun Disk"; ya bayyana a cikin titula nasa a haikalin Luxor kuma ana yawan amfani dashi azaman sunan ɗaya daga cikin fadojinsa, da kuma jirgin ruwan sarki na shekara 11, da kuma ƙungiyar sojojin Amenhotep.[72] A cikin 2021, tono ya bayyana wani yanki kusa da haikalin gawawwaki na Amenhotep, wanda ake kira Dazzling Aten, wanda aka yi imanin cewa sarki ne ya gina shi [73] don samar da masu sana'a da ma'aikatan da ke aiki kan ayyukan sarauta a Thebes, tare da gidan burodi da makabarta. Wani dillalin zane ya dauko Stela Festival na Amenhotep III daga Masar zuwa Turai. Da zarar ya mallaki Eric Cassirer, yanzu an yi imanin yana cikin tarin sirri a Amurka.[74] Farin stela na alabaster yana da 10 × 9 cm (3.94 × 3.54 in), amma rabinsa kawai ya tsira.[75] Ra'ayi na gaba: Allahn Heh, wanda ke wakiltar lamba miliyan ɗaya, yana riƙe da ganyen dabino da aka ƙware da ke nuna shekaru da zanen Amenhotep, a alamance yana haɓaka Fir'auna na tsawon shekaru miliyan. Ra'ayi na gefe: Tambayoyi na biki (ḥb) tare da tambarin Sed (sd) da ke nuna stela a matsayin wanda aka yi don bikin jubili na sarauta na Amenhotep's Sed Festival. Duba sama da baya: Waɗannan suna nuna mummunar lalacewa inda aka guntule cartouche ɗin. Cassirer ya nuna wannan wani misali ne naBarnar da Akhenaten ya yi wa Amun[76] Wasu alloli da aka nuna a kan stela, Re da Ma'at, ba su da wani lahani.[76] Mai yiwuwa Akhenaten ya nuna canjin stela. Wani abu mai ban mamaki na mulkin Amenhotep shine jerin manyan scarabs na tunawa da fiye da 200 waɗanda aka gano a kan wani yanki mai girma daga Siriya (Ras Shamra) har zuwa Soleb a Nubia.[77] Hakazalika, wasu scarabs guda biyar sun bayyana cewa matarsa ​​Gilukhepa ta Mitanni ta isa Masar tare da mata 317. Ita ce ta farko a cikin irin wadannan gimbiyoyi da za su shiga gidan Fir'auna[24]. Zuri'a da kwayoyin halitta [gyara tushe] nuna kakannin Amenhotep III Binciken kwayoyin halitta ya tabbatar da cewa Amenhotep III shine mahaifin KV55 mummy, wanda aka gano a cikin binciken a matsayin Akhenaten, da "The Younger Lady", iyayen jikansa, Tutankhamun.[78]. Wani bincike na baya-bayan nan, wanda aka buga a cikin 2020, ya gano zuriyar iyali ta hanyar Y-chromosomes da mtDNA. Ko da yake kawai an sami bayanin martaba ne kawai, yana raba YDNA haplogroup, R1b, tare da dansa da jikansa, yana riƙe da bishiyar iyali da aka zayyana a cikin binciken farko. Koyaya, ba a ƙayyade takamaiman nau'in R1b ba. An samo mitochondrial haplogroup na Amenhotep III H2b, [79] wanda ke da alaƙa da ƙaura daga Pontic-Caspian steppe zuwa Kudancin Asiya da yaduwar harsunan Indo-Iran.[80][81]. A cikin 2022, S.O.Y. Keita yayi nazarin 8 Short Tandem loci (STR) da aka buga bayanai daga binciken Hawass et al. 2010; 2012 [82] [83] wanda ya nemi sanin alaƙar dangi da kuma binciken abubuwan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta a cikin sabbin masarautun Masarautar, gami da Tutankhamun, Amenhotep III, da Rameses III. Keita ya yi amfani da Popaffiliator algorithm wanda ya bambanta Eurasia, Afirka Kudu da Sahara, da Gabashin Asiya; Ya karkare da cewa "mafi rinjaye [suna da] alaƙa da 'Yan Afirka Kudu da Sahara a cikin bincike guda ɗaya". Koyaya, ya nanata hadadden halayyar kabilanci, suna tsokaci cewa maharan mutane na iya samun wasu sauran masu alaƙa ta hanyar nau'ikan al'ada, da kuma algorithms na iya ba da sakamako daban-daban ". [84] A cewar masanin tarihi William Stiebling kuma masanin ilimin kimiya na kayan tarihi Susan N. Helft, nazarin DNA mai cin karo da juna da kungiyoyin bincike daban-daban suka kasa cimma daidaito kan tsarin halittar Masarawa na da da kuma asalinsu[85].