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Andrew Motion

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Andrew Motion (an haife shi 26 Oktoba 1952) mawaƙin Ingilishi ne, marubuci, kuma marubucin tarihin rayuwa, wanda ya kasance Laureate daga 1999 zuwa 2009. A lokacin lashe kyautarsa, Motion ya kafa Rumbun Waƙoƙi, hanyar yanar gizo na waƙoƙi da rikodin sauti na mawaka suna karanta nasu aikin. A cikin 2012, ya zama Shugaban Kamfen don Kare Rural Ingila, yana karbar mulki daga Bill Bryson.

Rayuwar farko[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An haifi Motion ranar 26 Oktoba 1952[1] a London, zuwa (Andrew) Richard Michael Motion (1921-2006), mai shayarwa a Ind Coope, da (Catherine)[2] Gillian (née Bakewell; 1928 – 1978).[3][4] Richard Motion ya fito ne daga daular masu shayarwa; kakansa ne ya kafa Taylor Walker, amma Ind Coope ya mamaye wannan lokacin Richard Motion.[4] Iyalan Motion sun kasance hamshakan masu hannu da shuni waɗanda ke zaune a Upton House, Banbury, Oxfordshire, kuma sun shahara a yankin; Kakan Richard Motion Andrew Richard Motion ya kasance mai shari'a na Aminci ga Essex, Oxfordshire da Warwickshire, wanda ya yi aiki da hanyarsa daga kasancewa ma'aikacin giya a Gabashin Ƙarshen London don mallakar nasa masana'antar giya mai nasara. Lokacin da 'ya'yansa suka girma kuma suka yi aure, ya sayar da gidan Upton House kuma ya zauna a Stisted Hall, a Essex.[5]

Lokacin da Motion ke da shekaru 12, dangin sun ƙaura zuwa Glebe House[5] a Stisted, kusa da Braintree a Essex, inda kakannin Richard Motion suka taɓa zama a Stisted Hall, a lokacin sun canza zuwa gidan tsofaffi.[6][7]

Motion ya tafi makarantar kwana tun yana dan shekara bakwai[8] tare da kaninsa Yawancin abokansa sun kasance daga makaranta don haka lokacin da Motion yake ƙauyen, ya shafe lokaci mai yawa da kansa. Ya fara sha’awa da son kauye, sai ya yi yawo da karen dabbobi. Daga baya ya tafi Kwalejin Radley, inda a cikin nau'i na shida, ya ci karo da Peter Way, wani malamin Ingilishi mai ban sha'awa wanda ya gabatar da shi a cikin waƙa - Hardy na farko, sannan Philip Larkin, WH Auden, Heaney, Hughes, Wordsworth da Keats.[9]

Lokacin da Motion ke da shekaru 17, mahaifiyarsa ta sami hatsarin hawan doki kuma ta sami mummunan rauni a kai wanda ke buƙatar aikin tiyatar jijiya. Sai ta sake samun wasu magana, amma ta rame sosai kuma ta kasance a ciki da waje har tsawon shekaru tara.[10] Ta rasu a shekara ta 1978 kuma mijinta ya mutu sakamakon ciwon daji a shekarar 2006. Motion ya ce ya rubuta ne don ya ci gaba da tunawa da mahaifiyarsa.[11] Lokacin da Motion ya kai kimanin shekaru 18, ya ƙaura daga ƙauyen don yin karatun Turanci a Kwalejin Jami'ar Oxford;[11] duk da haka, tun lokacin ya ci gaba da tuntuɓar ƙauyen don ziyartar makabartar coci, inda aka binne iyayensa. da kuma ganin dan uwansa, wanda ke zaune a kusa. A jami'a ya yi karatu a zaman mako-mako tare da W. H. Auden, wanda ya fi sha'awarsa.[9]

Motion ya lashe lambar yabo ta Newdigate na jami'a kuma ya kammala karatun digiri da digiri na farko. Wannan ya biyo bayan MLitt akan waƙar Edward Thomas.

Aiki[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Tsakanin 1976 da 1980, Motion ya koyar da Turanci a Jami'ar Hull[1] kuma yayin da yake can, yana da shekaru 24, ya sami buga waƙarsa ta farko. A Hull ya sadu da malamin laburare na jami'a kuma mawaki Philip Larkin. Daga baya an nada Motion a matsayin daya daga cikin masu zartar da adabin Larkin, wanda zai ba da damar Motion a matsayin marubucin tarihin rayuwarsa bayan mutuwar Larkin a 1985. A cikin Philip Larkin: Rayuwar Writer's Life, Motion ya ce babu wani lokaci a cikin abokantakarsu na shekaru tara ba su tattauna rubuta nasa ba tarihin rayuwar kuma abokiyar zaman Larkin Monica Jones ce ta bukaci hakan. Ya ba da rahoton yadda, a matsayinsa na mai zartarwa, ya ceci yawancin takardun Larkin daga halakar da ke gabatowa bayan mutuwar abokinsa. Tarihinsa na 1993 na Larkin, wanda ya ci lambar yabo ta Whitbread don Biography, shine ke da alhakin kawo ingantaccen bita ga sunan Larkin.[1]

Motion ya kasance darektan edita kuma editan wakoki a Chatto & Windus (1983–89); ya gyara sharhin wakoki na Society of Poetry daga 1980 zuwa 1982 kuma ya gaji Malcolm Bradbury a matsayin farfesa na rubutun ƙirƙira a Jami'ar Gabashin Anglia.[11] Yanzu yana kan baiwa a Tarukan Rubutun Johns Hopkins.

Laureateship[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An nada Motion Laureate a ranar 1 ga Mayu 1999, bayan mutuwar Ted Hughes, wanda ya gabata. Mawaki kuma mai fassara Seamus Heaney wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta Nobel ta Arewa ya yanke shawarar kada kansa a matsayin. Da yake karya al'adar wanda ya lashe kyautar ya ci gaba da rike mukamin har abada, Motion ya nuna cewa zai zauna na shekaru goma kacal. An kara albashin £200 na shekara zuwa fam 5,000 kuma ya karbi guntun buhu na al'ada.[12] Ya so ya rubuta "kasidu game da abubuwa a cikin labarai, da kuma kwamitocin mutane ko ƙungiyoyin da ke da alaƙa da rayuwar yau da kullun," maimakon a gan shi a matsayin 'courtier'. Don haka, ya rubuta "don TUC game da 'yanci, game da rashin matsuguni ga Sojan Ceto, game da zalunci ga ChildLine, game da fashewar ƙafa da baki don shirin Yau, game da bala'in jirgin kasa na Paddington, harin 11 Satumba da Harry Patch na BBC, da kuma kwanan nan game da girgiza harsashi ga ƙungiyar agaji ta Combat Stress, da sauyin yanayi don sake zagayowar waƙar da ya gama na Jami'ar Cambridge tare da Peter Maxwell Davies."[13]

A ranar 14 ga Maris, 2002, a matsayin wani ɓangare na taron 'Sake sakar Rainbows' taron Makon Kimiyya na Ƙasa na 2002, Motion ya buɗe wata alama mai shuɗi a bangon gaba na 28 St Thomas Street, Southwark, don tunawa da rabon masauki a can da John Keats da Henry Stephens yayin da suke ɗaliban likitanci a asibitin Guy da St Thomas a 1815–16.

A cikin 2003, Motion ya rubuta canjin tsarin mulki, waƙa don nuna rashin amincewa da mamayewar Iraki daga mahangar Mutuwa tana tafiya kan tituna yayin rikicin,[14][15] da kuma a cikin 2005, Bikin bazara don girmama bikin auren Yariman Wales zuwa Camilla Parker Bowles. An umurce shi ya rubuta don girmama Harry Patch mai shekaru 109, "Tommy" na ƙarshe da ya tsira da ya yi yaƙi a yakin duniya na ɗaya, Motion ya tsara waƙa mai kashi biyar, wanda Patch ya karanta kuma ya karɓa a Fadar Bishop a Wells a 2008.[16]

A matsayinsa na wanda ya lashe lambar yabo, ya kuma kafa Taskar Waka, ɗakin karatu na kan layi na tarihin tarihi da na zamani na mawaƙa suna karatun nasu aikin. 2002, Motion ya buɗe wani allo mai shuɗi a gaban bangon 28 St Thomas Street, Southwark, don tunawa da raba masaukin da John Keats da Henry Stephens suka yi a wurin yayin da suke ɗaliban likitanci a Asibitin Guy da St Thomas a 1815–16.[14][15] da kuma a cikin 2005, Bikin bazara don girmama bikin auren Yariman Wales zuwa Camilla Parker Bowles. An umurce shi ya rubuta don girmama Harry Patch mai shekaru 109, "Tommy" na ƙarshe da ya tsira da ya yi yaƙi a yakin duniya na ɗaya, Motion ya tsara waƙa mai kashi biyar, wanda Patch ya karanta kuma ya karɓa a Fadar Bishop a Wells a 2008.[17]

A matsayinsa na wanda ya lashe lambar yabo, ya kuma kafa Taskar Waka, ɗakin karatu na kan layi na tarihin tarihi da na zamani na mawaƙa suna karanta nasu aikin.[18]

Motion ya bayyana cewa, ya samu wasu daga cikin ma’aikatan ma’aikatan mawaka na da wahala da wahala kuma wannan nadin ya kasance mai matukar illa ga aikinsa.[19]

Nadin na Motion ya fuskanci suka daga wasu bangarori.[20] Yayin da yake shirin tsayawa daga aikin, Motion ya buga wata kasida a cikin The Guardian wanda ya kammala, "Don samun shekaru 10 yana aiki a matsayin wanda ya lashe kyautar ya kasance abin ban mamaki. Na yi farin ciki da na yi shi, kuma na yi farin ciki da na bar shi - musamman ma da yake ina nufin ci gaba da yin waƙa."[15]

Motion ya shafe ranarsa ta ƙarshe a matsayin Mawaki Laureate yana gudanar da ajin rubutun ƙirƙira a almajiransa, Kwalejin Radley, kafin ya ba da karatun waƙa tare da gode wa Peter Way, mutumin da ya koya masa Turanci a Radley, don ya sanya shi wanda yake. Carol Ann Duffy ya gaje shi a matsayin Laureate a ranar 1 ga Mayu 2009.

Aiki[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Motion ya ce a kansa: "Burina na rubuta waka ba shi da bambanci da burina na bayyana wa kaina wani abu." Ayyukansa sun haɗu da sassan waƙoƙi da na ba da labari a cikin "hankali na bayan zamani-romantic"[21]. Motion ya ce yana da burin yin rubutu da yare ba tare da dabara ba.[21] The Independent ya siffanta mawaƙin ƙwaƙƙwaran a matsayin “mai kyan gani kuma mara gajiyawa ga salon fasaha”[10].

Motion ya ci lambar yabo ta Arvon, lambar yabo ta John Llewellyn Rhys, lambar yabo ta Eric Gregory, Kyautar Whitbread don Biography da lambar yabo ta Dylan Thomas.[9][21] Motion ya shiga cikin aikin Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Bush na 2011 Littattafai sittin da shida, da rubutawa da yin wani yanki bisa littafin King James Bible.[22]

Rayuwa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Auren Motion da Joanna Powell ya ƙare a cikin 1983.[23] Ya auri Jan Dalley daga 1985 zuwa 2009, ya yi aure bayan rabuwar shekaru bakwai. Suna da ɗa daya da aka haifa a 1986 da tagwaye, ɗa da ɗiya, an haife su a 1988. A 2010 ya auri Kyeong-Soo Kim. A halin yanzu yana zama wani ɓangare na shekara a Baltimore, Maryland, a Amurka.

Manzarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Debrett's People of Today 2005 (18th ed.). Debrett's. 2005. p. 1176. ISBN 1-870520-10-6.
  2. ↑ "A plea to the Poet Laureate". Independent.co.uk. 11 October 2011. Archived from the original on 7 May 2022.
  3. ↑ https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/authorinterviews/9217384/World-of-Andrew-Motion-poet-novelist-and-biographer.html
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01d2qf6
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 https://www.eadt.co.uk/news/21307135.mums-tragedy-ended-childhood/
  6. ↑ "Kwafin ajiya". Archived from the original on 2022-01-07. Retrieved 2024-04-05.
  7. ↑ https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/gardening-mr-montefiore-s-time-capsule-1616841.html
  8. ↑ https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/features/andrew-motion-poetry-needs-us-to-say-that-it-matters-1669470.html
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/features/andrew-motion-poetry-needs-us-to-say-that-it-matters-1669470.html
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/5056194/Interview-with-Andrew-Motion.html
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 "Kwafin ajiya". Archived from the original on 2012-10-25. Retrieved 2024-04-05.
  12. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20090510115038/http://www.poetrysociety.org.uk/content/duffy09/poetlaureate/
  13. ↑ https://www.theguardian.com/books/2009/mar/21/andrew-motion-poet-laureate
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/2912557.stm
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 https://web.archive.org/web/20091015005834/http://www.cs.rice.edu/~ssiyer/minstrels/poems/1215.html
  16. ↑ http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/somerset/7279861.stm
  17. ↑ http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/somerset/7279861.stm
  18. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20140519101308/http://www.poetryarchive.org/poetryarchive/home.do
  19. ↑ http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7607897.stm
  20. ↑ https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1999/may/19/fiachragibbons.michaelwhite
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 21.2 https://web.archive.org/web/20071001130129/http://www.contemporarywriters.com/authors/?p=auth76
  22. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20110704090950/http://www.bushtheatre.co.uk/biography/writers/
  23. ↑ https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/andrew-motion-poetic-licence-to-thrill-413487.html
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