Canjin yanayi a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Arewacin Afirka

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Canjin yanayi a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Arewacin Afirka
climate change by country or territory (en) Fassara
Bayanai
Applies to jurisdiction (en) Fassara Middle East and North Africa (en) Fassara
Taswirar Gabas ta Tsakiya na tsara yanayin yanayi na Köppen
Taswirar Afirka na rarraba yanayin na Köppen

Canjin yanayi a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Arewacin Afirka (MENA), yana nufin canje-canje a cikin yanayin yankin (MENA) da martani na gaba, daidaitawa da dabarun rage ƙasashe a yankin. A cikin 2018, yankin (MENA) ya fitar da tan biliyan 3.2 na carbon dioxide kuma ya samar da kashi 8.7% na hayaƙin mai gurɓataccen yanayi (GHG)[1] duk da cewa kashi 6% ne kawai na yawan duniya.[2] Wadannan fitowar galibi sun fito ne daga bangaren makamashi,[3] wani bangare ne na tattalin arzikin yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya da Arewacin Afirka saboda yawan albarkatun mai da iskar gas da ake samu a yankin.[4][5]

Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Bankin Duniya da Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya sun amince da ita a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan kalubalen duniya a karni na 21, canjin yanayi a halin yanzu yana da tasirin da ba a taba gani ba ga tsarin halittun duniya.[6][7][8] Canjin yanayin duniya da canjin yanayin teku, canjin yanayin hazo da karuwar yawan yanayi na yanayi sune wasu manyan tasirin sauyin yanayi kamar yadda Kungiyar gwamnatoci a kan Canjin Yanayi (IPCC).[9] Yankin (MENA) ya kasance mai saukin kamuwa da irin wannan tasirin ne saboda yanayin busashiya da rashin ruwa, yana fuskantar kalubalen yanayi kamar karancin ruwan sama, yanayin zafi mai yawa da busasshiyar ƙasa.[9][10] Yanayi na yanayi wanda ke haifar da irin wannan ƙalubalen ga (MENA IPCC) ce tayi hasashen zai iya tsananta cikin ƙarni na 21.[9] Idan fitar hayaki mai gurɓataccen abu ba a rage shi ba sosai, wani ɓangare na yankin (MENA) yana fuskantar haɗarin zama ba za a iya rayuwa ba kafin shekarar 2100.[11][12]

Ana tsammanin canjin yanayi zai sanya babban damuwa a kan karancin ruwa da albarkatun gona a cikin yankin (MENA), wanda ke barazana ga tsaron kasa da kwanciyar hankalin siyasa na dukkan kasashen da aka hada.[13] Wannan ya sanya wasu kasashen (MENA) shiga cikin batun sauyin yanayi a matakin kasa da kasa ta hanyar yarjeniyoyin muhalli kamar yarjejeniyar Paris. Hakanan ana kafa manufofin a matakin ƙasa tsakanin ƙasashe (MENA), tare da mai da hankali kan haɓaka kuzarin sabuntawa.[14]

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. ↑ "CO2 Emissions | Global Carbon Atlas". www.globalcarbonatlas.org. Retrieved 2020-04-10.
  2. ↑ "Population, total - Middle East & North Africa, World | Data". data.worldbank.org. Retrieved 2020-04-11.
  3. ↑ Abbass, Rana Alaa; Kumar, Prashant; El-Gendy, Ahmed (February 2018). "An overview of monitoring and reduction strategies for health and climate change related emissions in the Middle East and North Africa region" (PDF). Atmospheric Environment. 175: 33–43. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.11.061. ISSN 1352-2310.
  4. ↑ Al-mulali, Usama (2011-10-01). "Oil consumption, CO2 emission and economic growth in MENA countries". Energy (in Turanci). 36 (10): 6165–6171. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2011.07.048. ISSN 0360-5442.
  5. ↑ Tagliapietra, Simone (2019-11-01). "The impact of the global energy transition on MENA oil and gas producers". Energy Strategy Reviews (in Turanci). 26: 100397. doi:10.1016/j.esr.2019.100397. ISSN 2211-467X.
  6. ↑ Bhargava, Viy K., ed. (2006-08-28). Global Issues for Global Citizens. The World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-0-8213-6731-5. ISBN 978-0-8213-6731-5.
  7. ↑ "Ten health issues WHO will tackle this year". www.who.int (in Turanci). Retrieved 2020-04-12.
  8. ↑ Nations, United. "The Greatest Threat To Global Security: Climate Change Is Not Merely An Environmental Problem". United Nations (in Turanci). Retrieved 2020-04-12.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 IPCC, 2014: Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Core Writing Team, R.K. Pachauri and L.A. Meyer (eds.)]. IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, 151 pp.
  10. ↑ El-Fadel, M.; Bou-Zeid, E. (2003). "Climate change and water resources in the Middle East: vulnerability, socio-economic impacts and adaptation". Climate Change in the Mediterranean. doi:10.4337/9781781950258.00015. hdl:10535/6396. ISBN 9781781950258.
  11. ↑ Broom, Douglas. "How the Middle East is suffering on the front lines of climate change". World Economic Forum. Retrieved 4 February 2020.
  12. ↑ Pal, Jeremy S.; Eltahir, Elfatih A. B. (2015-10-26). "Future temperature in southwest Asia projected to exceed a threshold for human adaptability". Nature Climate Change. 6 (2): 197–200. doi:10.1038/nclimate2833. ISSN 1758-678X.
  13. ↑ Waha, Katharina; Krummenauer, Linda; Adams, Sophie; Aich, Valentin; Baarsch, Florent; Coumou, Dim; Fader, Marianela; Hoff, Holger; Jobbins, Guy; Marcus, Rachel; Mengel, Matthias (2017-04-12). "Climate change impacts in the Middle East and Northern Africa (MENA) region and their implications for vulnerable population groups". Regional Environmental Change. 17 (6): 1623–1638. doi:10.1007/s10113-017-1144-2. ISSN 1436-3798. S2CID 134523218.
  14. ↑ Brauch, Hans Günter (2012), "Policy Responses to Climate Change in the Mediterranean and MENA Region during the Anthropocene", Climate Change, Human Security and Violent Conflict, Hexagon Series on Human and Environmental Security and Peace, 8, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 719–794, doi:10.1007/978-3-642-28626-1_37, ISBN 978-3-642-28625-4
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