Duba tsatso na Dogon COVID-19

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[[Fayil:Covid-19 SP - UTI V. Nova Cachoeirinha.jpg|thumb|long covid 19]]
[[Fayil:Sticker in Lower East Side, New York City reading "sometimes, long covid is forever covid. we NEED HELP NOW + BERLIN BUYERS CLUB +" Posted by Berlin Buyers Club, an organization of artists affected by long covid.jpg|thumb]]
'''Dogon COVID''', wanda kuma aka sani da '''ciwon bayan-COVID-19''', '''abubuwan da suka biyo baya na COVID-19''' ( '''PASC''' ), ko '''ciwo''' na COVID-19 ( '''CCS''' ),<ref name="JMV-202010232">{{cite journal|vauthors=Baig AM|title=Chronic COVID syndrome: Need for an appropriate medical terminology for long-COVID and COVID long-haulers|journal=Journal of Medical Virology|volume=93|issue=5|pages=2555–56|date=May 2021|pmid=33095459|doi=10.1002/jmv.26624|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="CDC-202011132">{{cite news|author=Staff|date=13 November 2020|title=Long-Term Effects of COVID-19|work=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]]|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/long-term-effects.html|access-date=27 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=18 December 2020|title=Overview {{!}} COVID-19 rapid guideline: managing the long-term effects of COVID-19 {{!}} Guidance {{!}} NICE|url=https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/NG188|access-date=18 December 2020|website=[[National Institute for Health and Care Excellence]]}}</ref> yanayi ne da ke da dogon lokaci. sequelae bayyana ko ya ci gaba bayan da hankula warwarewa tsawon [[Koronavirus 2019|COVID-19]] . Dogon COVID na iya shafar kusan kowane tsarin gaɓar jiki tare da kuma abubuwan da suka haɗa da rikice-rikicen tsarin numfashi, tsarin juyayi da cututtukan neurocognitive, rikicewar lafiyar hankali, rikicewar rayuwa, cututtukan zuciya, cututtukan gastrointestinal, rashin ƙarfi, gajiya, ciwon musculoskeletal, da anemia.<ref name="ReferenceA2">{{cite journal|vauthors=Al-Aly Z, Xie Y, Bowe B|title=High-dimensional characterization of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19|journal=Nature|volume=594|issue=7862|pages=259–64|date=June 2021|pmid=33887749|doi=10.1038/s41586-021-03553-9|bibcode=2021Natur.594..259A|doi-access=free}}</ref> Ana tattauna yawancin alamun bayyanar cututtuka, ciki har da [[Rashin karfi|gajiya]], ciwon kai, rashin ƙarfi na numfashi, anosmia ( asarar wari ), parosmia (ƙarataccen wari), raunin tsoka, ƙananan [[Zazzaɓi|zazzabi]] da rashin aiki na hankali.<ref>{{Cite web|last=CDC|date=11 February 2020|title=COVID-19 and Your Health|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/long-term-effects.html|access-date=26 February 2021|website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|language=en-us}}</ref>

Ba a san ainihin yanayin bayyanar cututtuka da adadin mutanen da suka fuskanci alamun bayyanar cututtuka na dogon lokaci ba kuma sun bambanta bisa ga ma'anar da aka yi amfani da su, yawan mutanen da ake nazarin, da lokacin da aka yi amfani da su a cikin binciken. Wani bincike da Ofishin Kididdiga na Kasa na Burtaniya ya yi ya kiyasta cewa kusan kashi 14% na mutanen da suka gwada ingancin SARS-CoV-2 sun sami alamun guda ɗaya ko fiye na tsawon watanni 3.<ref name="ONS-april2">{{cite web|title=Prevalence of ongoing symptoms following coronavirus (COVID-19) infection in the UK: 1 April 2021|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/conditionsanddiseases/bulletins/prevalenceofongoingsymptomsfollowingcoronaviruscovid19infectionintheuk/1april2021|access-date=2021-08-14|website=Office for National Statistics|date=2021-04-01}}</ref> Wani bincike daga Jami'ar Oxford na mutane 273,618 da suka tsira daga COVID-19, akasari daga Amurka, ya nuna cewa kusan kashi 37% sun sami alamun guda ɗaya ko fiye tsakanin watanni 3 zuwa 6 bayan ganewar asali.<ref name="Taquetet2021PLoSMed2">{{cite journal|vauthors=Taquet M, Derco Q, Luciano S, Geddes JR, Husain M, Harrison, PJ|display-authors=6|title=Incidence, co-occurrence, and evolution of long-COVID features: A 6-month retrospective cohort study of 273,618 survivors of COVID-19|journal=PLoS Medicine|volume=20|issue=9|pages=1–22|date=28 September 2021|pmid=|pmc=|doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.1003773}}</ref>

Yayin da ake gudanar da bincike kan fannoni daban-daban na dogon lokaci na COVID,<ref name="NIH Conference Day 12">{{cite conference|title=Workshop on Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (Day 1)|url=https://videocast.nih.gov/watch=38878|publisher=NIH}}</ref><ref name="NIH Conference Day 22">{{cite conference|title=Workshop on Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (Day 2)|url=https://videocast.nih.gov/watch=38879|publisher=NIH}}</ref> {{As of|November 2021}}  , har yanzu ba a san ma'anar cutar ba, kamar yadda tsarinta yake. An shirya tsarin kiwon lafiya a wasu ƙasashe da hukumomi don magance wannan rukunin marasa lafiya ta hanyar ƙirƙirar asibitoci na musamman da ba da shawara.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mount Sinai Center for Post-COVID Care|url=https://www.mountsinai.org/about/covid19/center-post-covid-care}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Delhi's Post-Covid Clinic For Recovered Patients With Fresh Symptoms Opens|url=https://www.ndtv.com/delhi-news/coronavirus-delhis-post-covid-clinic-for-recovered-patients-with-fresh-symptoms-opens-2282756}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Post COVID-19 Rehabilitation and Recovery Program|url=https://www.lifemark.ca/services/post-covid-19-rehab-recovery}}</ref> Gabaɗaya, duk da haka, ana la'akari da shi ta tsohuwa a matsayin cuta ta idiopathic da kuma ganewar cutarwa .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=September 2021}}

== Kalmomi da ma'anoni ==
''Dogon COVID kalma'' ce da aka halicci mara lafiya wanda aka bayar da rahoton cewa an fara amfani da shi a cikin Mayu 2020 azaman hashtag akan [[Twitter]] ta Elisa Perego, masanin ilimin kimiya na kayan tarihi a Kwalejin Jami'ar London.<ref>{{cite web|vauthors=Perego E, Callard F, Stras L, Melville-Johannesson B, Pope R, Alwan N|date=1 October 2020|title=Why we need to keep using the patient made term "Long Covid"|url=https://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2020/10/01/why-we-need-to-keep-using-the-patient-made-term-long-covid/|access-date=18 October 2020|website=The BMJ|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":22">{{cite journal|vauthors=Callard F, Perego E|title=How and why patients made Long Covid|journal=Social Science & Medicine|volume=268|pages=113426|date=January 2021|pmid=33199035|pmc=7539940|doi=10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113426}}</ref>

Dogon COVID ba shi da ma'ana guda ɗaya, mai tsauri.<ref name=":72">{{cite journal|vauthors=Brodin P|title=Immune determinants of COVID-19 disease presentation and severity|journal=Nature Medicine|volume=27|issue=1|pages=28–33|date=January 2021|pmid=33442016|doi=10.1038/s41591-020-01202-8|doi-access=free}}</ref> Yana da al'ada kuma ana sa ran mutanen da suka fuskanci mummunan bayyanar cututtuka ko rikitarwa kamar ciwon kulawa mai tsanani ko cututtuka na biyu zasu dauki lokaci mai tsawo don murmurewa fiye da mutanen da ba sa buƙatar asibiti (wanda ake kira ''m COVID<ref>{{Cite web|last=Wu|first=Katherine J.|date=2021-10-08|title=Nine Pandemic Words That Almost No One Gets Right|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2021/10/covid-vocabulary-pandemic-words/620351/|access-date=2021-10-15|website=The Atlantic|language=en}}</ref>'' ) kuma ba su da irin wannan rikitarwa. Bambance-bambancen tsanani na iya yin wahala a tantance ko saitin alamomin mutum da ke gudana yana wakiltar na yau da kullun, dogon jin daɗi, ko tsawaita; dogon COVID'. Ɗaya daga cikin ƙa'idodin babban yatsan yatsa shine tsayin COVID yana wakiltar alamun da suka wanzu sama da watanni biyu, kodayake babu wani dalili na yarda cewa wannan zaɓin yanke ya keɓanta da kamuwa da cutar ta SARS-CoV-2.<ref name=":72" />

=== Ma'anar Burtaniya ===
Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Biritaniya da Kyawun Kulawa (NICE) ta raba COVID-19 zuwa ma'anoni guda uku na asibiti:

* ''[[Koronavirus 2019|m COVID-19]]'' ga alamu da alamu a cikin makonni 4 na farko bayan kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani na numfashi mai tsanani coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) shine na farko, kuma
* ''dogon Covid don sababbin alamu ko ci gaba da alamun makonni 4 ko fiye bayan fara m COVID-19'', wanda ya kasu kashi biyu:
** ''ci gaba da alamun COVID-19'' don sakamako daga makonni 4 zuwa 12 bayan farawa, da
** ''ciwon bayan-COVID-19'' don tasirin da ke dawwama makonni 12 ko fiye bayan farawa.

NICE ta kwatanta kalmar ''dogon COVID'', wacce take amfani da ita "ban da ma'anar shari'ar asibiti", kamar yadda "an fi amfani da ita don bayyana alamu da alamun da ke ci gaba ko haɓaka bayan m COVID-19. Ya haɗa da alamun COVID-19 mai gudana (daga makonni 4 zuwa 12) da ciwon bayan-COVID-19 (makonni 12 ko fiye)."<ref name=":52">{{Cite web|date=18 December 2020|title=Context {{!}} COVID-19 rapid guideline: managing the long-term effects of COVID-19|url=https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng188/chapter/Context|access-date=18 December 2020|website=[[National Institute for Health and Care Excellence]]|archive-date=11 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111205920/https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng188/chapter/Context|url-status=dead}}</ref>

NICE ta bayyana ciwon bayan-COVID-19 a matsayin "alamomi da alamomin da ke tasowa yayin ko bayan kamuwa da cuta da ke daidai da COVID-19, suna ci gaba fiye da makonni 12 kuma ba a bayyana su ta hanyar wata hanyar tantancewa ba. Yawancin lokaci yana gabatar da gungu na alamun bayyanar cututtuka, sau da yawa suna haɗuwa, wanda zai iya canzawa kuma ya canza akan lokaci kuma zai iya rinjayar kowane tsarin a cikin jiki. Ana iya la'akari da ciwon bayan-COVID-19 kafin makonni 12 yayin da ake kuma tantance yiwuwar wata cuta ta daban."<ref name=":52"/>

=== Ma'anar Amurka ===
A cikin Fabrairu 2021, Daraktan Cibiyoyin Lafiya na Amurka (NIH) Francis Collins, ya nuna alamun Covid-19 ga mutanen da "ba sa murmurewa gaba daya cikin 'yan makonni", ana kiran su gaba ɗaya azaman Post-Acute Sequelae na SARS. -CoV-2 kamuwa da cuta (PASC). NIH ta lissafa dogayen alamun COVID na gajiya, gajeriyar numfashi, " hazo na kwakwalwa ", matsalar barci, zazzabi mai tsaka-tsaki, alamun gastrointestinal, damuwa, da damuwa. Alamun na iya dawwama na tsawon watanni kuma suna iya kamawa daga mai sauƙi zuwa rashin ƙarfi, tare da sabbin alamomin da ke tasowa da kyau bayan lokacin kamuwa da cuta. <ref name="nih.gov">[https://www.nih.gov/about-nih/who-we-are/nih-director/statements/nih-launches-new-initiative-study-long-covid NIH launches new initiative to study “Long COVID”]</ref> Kalmar CDC ''Post-Covid Conditions ya'' cancanci dogon Covid azaman alamun makonni 4 ko fiye bayan kamuwa da cuta ta farko.<ref>{{Cite web|last=CDC|date=11 February 2020|title=Post-COVID Conditions|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/long-term-effects.html|access-date=12 July 2021|website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention}}</ref>

== Alamun ==
[[File:Long-term_effects_of_COVID-19.webp|thumb|460x460px| Wani bita na kimiyya ya gano sama da 50 bayyanannun tasirin dogon lokaci - gami da na 'dogon COVID' - tare da ƙididdigar yawansu kuma an kiyasta cewa kashi 80% na waɗanda aka haɗa da marasa lafiya suna da aƙalla tasirin gabaɗaya sama da makonni 2.  ]]
Wani binciken kan layi na ƙasa da ƙasa tare da mahalarta 3,762 tare da rashin lafiya da ke daɗe fiye da kwanaki 28 ya gano cewa murmurewa yana ɗaukar fiye da makonni 35 na 91% daga cikinsu. A matsakaita, mahalarta sun sami alamun alamun 56 (daidaitacce ± 25.5) a cikin tsarin gabobin 9. Alamun sun bambanta a tsawon lokaci, kuma mafi yawan bayyanar cututtuka bayan watanni 6 sune [[Rashin karfi|gajiya]], rashin jin dadi bayan motsa jiki da rashin fahimta . Komawar alamar ta faru a cikin 86% na mahalarta abubuwan da suka haifar da ƙoƙarin jiki ko tunani ko ta damuwa. An gano ƙungiyoyi uku na bayyanar cututtuka: alamun farko da suka yi girma a cikin makonni biyu zuwa uku na farko sannan kuma su ragu; barga bayyanar cututtuka; da alamun da ke karuwa sosai a cikin watanni biyu na farko sannan kuma suka daidaita.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Davis HE, Assaf GS, McCorkell L, Wei H, Low RJ, Re'em Y, Redfield S, Austin JP, Akrami A|display-authors=6|title=Characterizing long COVID in an international cohort: 7 months of symptoms and their impact|journal=EClinicalMedicine|pages=101019|date=July 2021|volume=38|pmid=34308300|doi=10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101019|pmc=8280690}}</ref>

Alamomin da mutanen da ke da dogon COVID suka ruwaito sun haɗa da:<ref name="mayo2">{{cite web|title=COVID-19 (coronavirus): Long-term effects|website=Mayo Clinic|date=18 August 2020|url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/coronavirus/in-depth/coronavirus-long-term-effects/art-20490351|access-date=19 October 2020}}</ref><ref name="racgp2">{{cite web|title=What are the long-term health risks following COVID-19?|website=NewsGP|date=24 June 2020|publisher=Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP)|url=https://www1.racgp.org.au/newsgp/clinical/what-are-the-long-term-health-risks-post-covid-19|access-date=19 October 2020}}</ref><ref name="yelin2">{{cite journal|vauthors=Yelin D, Wirtheim E, Vetter P, Kalil AC, Bruchfeld J, Runold M, Guaraldi G, Mussini C, Gudiol C, Pujol M, Bandera A, Scudeller L, Paul M, Kaiser L, Leibovici L|display-authors=6|title=Long-term consequences of COVID-19: research needs|journal=The Lancet. Infectious Diseases|volume=20|issue=10|pages=1115–17|date=October 2020|pmid=32888409|pmc=7462626|doi=10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30701-5}}</ref><ref name="Chinese study finds most patients show signs of long Covid six months on2">{{cite news|title=Chinese study finds most patients show signs of 'long Covid' six months on|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3117141/coronavirus-chinese-study-finds-most-patients-still-show-signs|access-date=11 January 2021|work=South China Morning Post|date=10 January 2021|language=en}}</ref><ref>Yan, W. Their Teeth Fell Out. Was It Another Covid-19 Consequence? The New York Times (2020). https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/26/health/covid-teeth-falling-out.html</ref><ref name="ReferenceA3">{{cite journal|vauthors=Al-Aly Z, Xie Y, Bowe B|title=High-dimensional characterization of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19|journal=Nature|volume=594|issue=7862|pages=259–64|date=June 2021|pmid=33887749|doi=10.1038/s41586-021-03553-9|bibcode=2021Natur.594..259A|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite journal|vauthors=Yu-Tao X|title=Outcomes of SARS survivors in China: Not only physical and psychiatric co-morbidities|journal=East Asian Archives of Psychiatry|volume=24|issue=1|doi=10.3316/informit.231710814201582|doi-broken-date=31 October 2021|url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/INFORMIT.231710814201582}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Yu-Tao X|title=Outcomes of SARS survivors in China: Not only physical and psychiatric co-morbidities|journal=East Asian Archives of Psychiatry|volume=24|issue=1|doi=10.3316/informit.231710814201582|doi-broken-date=31 October 2021|url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/INFORMIT.231710814201582}}</ref>

== Epidemiology ==
Wasu rahotanni na rashin lafiya na dogon lokaci bayan kamuwa da cuta sun bayyana da wuri yayin cutar ta COVID-19,<ref name="ReferenceA3"/><ref name="HarvardOct153">{{cite web|vauthors=Komaroff A|date=15 October 2020|title=The tragedy of the post-COVID "long haulers"|url=https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/the-tragedy-of-the-post-covid-long-haulers-2020101521173|access-date=18 October 2020|website=Harvard Health|publisher=Harvard Health Publishing, [[Harvard Medical School]]}}</ref> ciki har da mutanen da ke da ''laushi'' (ba sa buƙatar asibiti <ref name=":82">{{Cite web|title=Clinical Spectrum|url=https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/overview/clinical-spectrum/|url-status=dead|access-date=2021-10-15|website=COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines|publisher=National Institutes of Health|language=en|archive-date=2021-10-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211014145911/https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/overview/clinical-spectrum/}}</ref> ) ko ''matsakaici'' (na buƙatar ƙarin oxygen <ref name=":82" />) na farko. kamuwa da cuta<ref name="CUMCSep212">{{cite journal|vauthors=Nordvig AS, Fong KT, Willey JZ, Thakur KT, Boehme AK, Vargas WS, Smith CJ, Elkind MS|display-authors=6|title=Potential Neurologic Manifestations of COVID-19|journal=Neurology. Clinical Practice|volume=11|issue=2|pages=e135–e146|date=April 2021|pmid=33842082|pmc=8032406|doi=10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000897|doi-access=free|pmc-embargo-date=1 April 2022}}</ref> da kuma wadanda aka kwantar da su a asibiti tare da kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani.<ref name="servick2">{{cite journal|vauthors=Servick K|date=8 April 2020|title=For survivors of severe COVID-19, beating the virus is just the beginning|url=https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/survivors-severe-covid-19-beating-virus-just-beginning|journal=Science|doi=10.1126/science.abc1486|doi-access=free|issn=0036-8075}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite web|vauthors=Tanner C|date=12 August 2020|title=All we know so far about 'long haul' Covid – estimated to affect 600,000 people in the UK|url=https://inews.co.uk/news/long-reads/long-haul-covid-19-post-viral-fatigue-syndrome-explained-573775|access-date=19 October 2020|website=inews|quote=i spoke to Professor [[Tim Spector]] of [[King's College London]] who developed the Covid-19 tracker app}}</ref>  A cikin binciken shekaru 4 biyo bayan SARS a Hong Kong, 42.5% na waɗanda suka tsira sun ba da rahoton aƙalla cutar tabin hankali da za a iya ganowa wanda ya fito daga rikice-rikicen damuwa bayan tashin hankali, damuwa, da gajiya na yau da kullun.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Yu-Tao X|title=Outcomes of SARS survivors in China: Not only physical and psychiatric co-morbidities|journal=East Asian Archives of Psychiatry|volume=24|issue=1|doi=10.3316/informit.231710814201582|doi-broken-date=31 October 2021|url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/INFORMIT.231710814201582}}</ref>

Tun daga shekarar 2021, ba a san ainihin abin da ya faru ba. Lamarin yana raguwa cikin lokaci, yayin da mutane da yawa ke murmurewa a hankali. Wasu binciken farko sun ba da shawarar cewa tsakanin kashi 20% zuwa 33% na mutanen da ke da COVID-19 sun sami alamun alamun da suka wuce tsawon wata guda.<ref name="ONS2">{{cite web|website=Office of National Statistics UK|date=December 2020|title=The prevalence of long COVID symptoms and COVID-19 complications|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/news/statementsandletters/theprevalenceoflongcovidsymptomsandcovid19complications}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Tenforde MW, Kim SS, Lindsell CJ, Billig Rose E, Shapiro NI, Files DC, Gibbs KW, Erickson HL, Steingrub JS, Smithline HA, Gong MN, Aboodi MS, Exline MC, Henning DJ, Wilson JG, Khan A, Qadir N, Brown SM, Peltan ID, Rice TW, Hager DN, Ginde AA, Stubblefield WB, Patel MM, Self WH, Feldstein LR|display-authors=6|title=Symptom Duration and Risk Factors for Delayed Return to Usual Health Among Outpatients with COVID-19 in a Multistate Health Care Systems Network – United States, March–June 2020|journal=MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report|volume=69|issue=30|pages=993–98|date=July 2020|pmid=32730238|pmc=7392393|doi=10.15585/mmwr.mm6930e1|doi-access=free}}</ref> Wani binciken wayar tarho a Amurka a farkon rabin shekarar 2020 ya nuna cewa kusan kashi 35% na mutanen da suka gwada inganci ga SARS-CoV-2 sun sami alamun alamun da suka wuce sama da makonni uku.<ref name="ONS2" /> Tun daga watan Disamba, shekarar 2020, Ofishin Kididdiga na Kasa a Burtaniya ya kiyasta cewa, na duk mutanen da ke da ingantacciyar gwaji don SARS-CoV-2, kusan kashi 21% sun sami alamun cutar sama da makonni biyar, kuma kusan kashi 10% sun sami alamun cutar fiye da makonni 12.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite web|vauthors=Davis N|title=Long Covid alarm as 21% report symptoms after five weeks|website=[[The Guardian]]|date=16 December 2020|url=http://www.theguardian.com/society/2020/dec/16/long-covid-alarm-as-21-report-symptoms-after-five-weeks|access-date=28 December 2020}}</ref><ref name="herman2">{{cite web|vauthors=Herman J|title=I'm a consultant in infectious diseases. 'Long Covid' is anything but a mild illness|website=[[The Guardian]]|date=27 December 2020|url=http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/dec/27/consultant-infectious-diseases-long-covid-not-mild-illness-seriously-debilitated-new-clinics|access-date=28 December 2020}}</ref>

Wasu nazarin sun ba da shawarar cewa wasu yara suna fuskantar alamun kamuwa da cutar SARS-CoV-2.<ref>{{cite web|vauthors=Tanner C|date=12 August 2020|title=All we know so far about 'long haul' Covid – estimated to affect 600,000 people in the UK|url=https://inews.co.uk/news/long-reads/long-haul-covid-19-post-viral-fatigue-syndrome-explained-573775|access-date=19 October 2020|website=inews|quote=i spoke to Professor [[Tim Spector]] of [[King's College London]] who developed the Covid-19 tracker app}}</ref><ref name=":32">{{cite journal|vauthors=Ludvigsson JF|title=Case report and systematic review suggest that children may experience similar long-term effects to adults after clinical COVID-19|journal=Acta Paediatrica|volume=110|issue=3|pages=914–21|date=March 2021|pmid=33205450|pmc=7753397|doi=10.1111/apa.15673}}</ref><ref name="Counting long covid in children2">{{cite web|vauthors=Simpson F, Lokugamage A|date=16 October 2020|title=Counting long covid in children|url=https://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2020/10/16/counting-long-covid-in-children/|access-date=18 October 2020|website=The BMJ|language=en-US}}</ref>

Kodayake duk wanda ya kamu da cutar na iya samun dogon COVID, mutanen da suka kamu da rashin lafiya har suna buƙatar asibiti suna ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo suna murmurewa. Yawancin (har zuwa 80%<ref name="Fitzgerald 20202">{{cite news|vauthors=Fitzgerald B|title=Long-haul COVID-19 patients will need special treatment and extra support, according to new guide for GPs|website=ABC News|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation|date=14 October 2020|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-10-15/long-haul-covid-19-symptoms-will-need-special-treatment/12766968|access-date=19 October 2020}}</ref> ) na waɗanda aka kwantar da su a asibiti tare da ciwo mai tsanani suna fuskantar matsaloli na dogon lokaci ciki har da gajiya da ƙarancin numfashi ( dyspnea ).<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Yu-Tao X|title=Outcomes of SARS survivors in China: Not only physical and psychiatric co-morbidities|journal=East Asian Archives of Psychiatry|volume=24|issue=1|doi=10.3316/informit.231710814201582|doi-broken-date=31 October 2021|url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/INFORMIT.231710814201582}}</ref><ref name="UniWashingtonSep202">{{cite web|date=1 September 2020|title=Summary of COVID-19 Long Term Health Effects: Emerging evidence and Ongoing Investigation|url=https://globalhealth.washington.edu/sites/default/files/COVID-19%20Long%20Term%20Effects%20Summary.pdf|access-date=15 October 2020|publisher=[[University of Washington]]|vauthors=Ross JM, Seiler J, Meisner J, Tolentino L}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=6 June 2020|title=How long does COVID-19 last?|url=https://covid.joinzoe.com/post/covid-long-term|access-date=15 October 2020|publisher=UK COVID Symptom Study}}</ref> Marasa lafiya da ke fama da kamuwa da cuta na farko, musamman waɗanda ke buƙatar iskar injina don taimakawa numfashi, suma suna iya fama da ciwon kulawa bayan murmurewa.<ref name=":82"/> Wani bincike da aka yi kan majinyata da ke kwance a asibiti a [[Wuhan|Wuhan ya]] gano cewa mafi yawansu har yanzu suna da a kalla alamu guda daya bayan watanni shida. Marasa lafiya waɗanda suka fi fama da rashin lafiya har yanzu sun nuna rashin ƙarfi a cikin aikin huhu.<ref>{{cite news|title=Chinese study finds most patients show signs of 'long Covid' six months on|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3117141/coronavirus-chinese-study-finds-most-patients-still-show-signs|access-date=11 January 2021|work=South China Morning Post|date=10 January 2021}}</ref> Daga cikin marasa lafiya 1733, da aka sallame su daga asibiti kuma aka bi su bayan kimanin watanni shida, alamun da aka fi sani da su sune gajiya ko raunin tsoka (63%), matsalolin barci (26%), da damuwa ko damuwa (23%).<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Huang C, Huang L, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Gu X, Kang L, Guo L, Liu M, Zhou X, Luo J, Huang Z, Tu S, Zhao Y, Chen L, Xu D, Li Y, Li C, Peng L, Li Y, Xie W, Cui D, Shang L, Fan G, Xu J, Wang G, Wang Y, Zhong J, Wang C, Wang J, Zhang D, Cao B|display-authors=6|title=6-month consequences of COVID-19 in patients discharged from hospital: a cohort study|journal=Lancet|volume=397|issue=10270|pages=220–32|date=January 2021|pmid=33428867|pmc=7833295|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32656-8|doi-access=free}}</ref>

Wasu mutane suna fama da alamun cututtukan neurologic na dogon lokaci duk da cewa ba a taɓa yin su a asibiti don COVID-19 ba; An buga binciken farko na wannan yawan a cikin watan Maris, shekarar 2021. Mafi akai-akai, waɗannan marasa lafiya marasa asibiti sun sami "fitattun 'hazo na kwakwalwa' da kuma gajiya da ke shafar fahimtarsu da ingancin rayuwarsu."<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Graham EL, Clark JR, Orban ZS, Lim PH, Szymanski AL, Taylor C, DiBiase RM, Jia DT, Balabanov R, Ho SU, Batra A, Liotta EM, Koralnik IJ|display-authors=6|title=Persistent neurologic symptoms and cognitive dysfunction in non-hospitalized Covid-19 "long haulers"|journal=Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology|volume=8|issue=5|pages=1073–85|date=May 2021|pmid=33755344|pmc=8108421|doi=10.1002/acn3.51350|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|vauthors=Belluck P|date=23 March 2021|title=They Had Mild Covid. Then Their Serious Symptoms Kicked In.|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/23/health/long-covid-symptoms.html|access-date=27 March 2021|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

A cikin watan Janairu, shekarar 2021, wani bincike a Burtaniya ya ba da rahoton cewa kashi 30 cikin 100 na marasa lafiyar da aka dawo da su an dawo da su asibiti cikin kwanaki 140, kuma kashi 12% na jimlar sun mutu. Yawancin marasa lafiya sun kamu da [[Ciwon suga|ciwon sukari]] a karon farko, da kuma matsalolin zuciya, hanta da matsalolin koda. Yanayin gazawar insulin a lokacin ba a san shi ba.<ref name="2021-01-18_T2">{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2021/01/17/almost-third-recovered-covid-patients-return-hospital-five-months/|title=Almost a third of recovered Covid patients return to hospital in five months and one in eight die|vauthors=Knapton S|work=[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]|date=18 January 2021}}</ref>

A cikin watan Maris, shekarar 2021, Association kungiyar Likitocin Indonesiya, a cikin wani bincike na mutane 463, sun ba da shawarar cewa kashi 63.5% na masu amsa sun ba da rahoton alamun bayyanar da kansu bayan kamuwa da cutar ta SARS-CoV-2. Ba a ƙayyade ainihin alamun bayyanar cututtuka ba, duk da haka, bisa ga labarin, gajiya da tari sune mafi yawan bayyanar cututtuka da aka ruwaito, sannan kuma ciwon tsoka da ciwon kai.<ref>{{cite news|vauthors=Salim N|title=Indonesians open up about the impacts of long COVID, one year since the country's first case|website=ABC News|publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]|date=6 March 2021|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-03-06/indonesians-open-up-about-the-impact-of-long-covid/13214778|access-date=6 March 2021}}</ref>

A cikin watan Mayu, shekarar 2021, wani bita na tsarin duniya wanda masu bincike a Jami'ar Stanford suka jagoranta sun ba da rahoton cewa alamu iri-iri sun ci gaba a cikin sama da kashi 70% na marasa lafiya na COVID-19 watanni bayan murmurewa daga farkon cutar. Yawancin marasa lafiya a cikin wannan binciken sun kasance a baya asibiti. Mafi yawan alamun dadewa sun haɗa da ƙarancin numfashi, gajiya, da rashin barci. Gabaɗaya, binciken ya ba da rahoton alamun asibiti 84 ko alamu, gami da asarar ɗanɗano da wari, rikicewar fahimta kamar asarar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da wahalar mai da hankali, damuwa, da damuwa.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Nasserie T, Hittle M, Goodman SN|title=Assessment of the Frequency and Variety of Persistent Symptoms Among Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review|journal=JAMA Network Open|volume=4|issue=5|pages=e2111417|date=May 2021|pmid=34037731|pmc=8155823|doi=10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.11417|doi-access=free}}</ref>

A cikin watan Yuni, shekarar 2021, wani dogon nazari a Bergen, Norway, ya gano kashi 52% (31/61) na ƙungiyar matasa masu zaman kansu, masu shekaru 16-30, sun ci gaba da fuskantar alamu a cikin watanni shida. Binciken ya kama kashi 82% (312) na bullar cutar ta farko: 247 keɓe gida kuma 65 suna asibiti.<ref>{{cite news|title=Half of young adults with COVID-19 have persistent symptoms after 6 months|language=en|work=medicalxpress.com|url=https://medicalxpress.com/news/2021-06-young-adults-covid-persistent-symptoms.html|access-date=10 July 2021}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{cite journal|display-authors=6|vauthors=Blomberg B, Mohn KG, Brokstad KA, Zhou F, Linchausen DW, Hansen BA, Lartey S, Onyango TB, Kuwelker K, Sævik M, Bartsch H, Tøndel C, Kittang BR, Cox RJ, Langeland N|date=June 2021|title=Long COVID in a prospective cohort of home-isolated patients|journal=Nature Medicine|volume=27|issue=9|pages=1607–1613|doi=10.1038/s41591-021-01433-3|pmid=34163090|pmc=8440190|doi-access=free|s2cid=235625772}}</ref>

Akwai ƴan bayanai kan dogon COVID biyo bayan [[Cutar da ke Faruwa|kamuwa da cutar]] (lala'i a cikin mutanen da ke da cikakken alurar riga kafi). <ref name=":3">{{Cite news|last=Parker-Pope|first=Tara|date=2021-08-16|title=Can the Vaccinated Develop Long Covid After a Breakthrough Infection?|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/08/16/well/live/vaccine-long-covid-breakthrough-infection.html|access-date=2021-08-17|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> A cikin Yuli 2021, wani bincike tare da 1,497 ƙwararrun likitocin kiwon lafiya masu cikakken alurar riga kafi a cikin Isra'ila sun ba da rahoton cewa kashi 19% na waɗanda aka gwada (7 cikin 36 masu kamuwa da cutar) suma suna da alamun COVID-19 masu tsayi a cikin makonni 6 ko sama da haka, tare da bambancin Alpha da aka gano a cikin 85. % na tabbataccen lokuta.<ref name=":4">{{cite journal|vauthors=Bergwerk M, Gonen T, Lustig Y, Amit S, Lipsitch M, Cohen C, Mandelboim M, Gal Levin E, Rubin C, Indenbaum V, Tal I, Zavitan M, Zuckerman N, Bar-Chaim A, Kreiss Y, Regev-Yochay G|display-authors=6|title=Covid-19 Breakthrough Infections in Vaccinated Health Care Workers|journal=The New England Journal of Medicine|date=July 2021|volume=385|issue=16|pages=1474–1484|pmid=34320281|doi=10.1056/NEJMoa2109072|pmc=8362591}}</ref>

A watan Agustan, shekarar 2021, wani binciken da aka yi a asibitoci 1,276 da suka tsira daga barkewar cutar a farkon shekarar 2020 a Wuhan ya ba da rahoton cewa, yayin da yawancin alamomin suka bace kan lokaci kuma kashi 88% na wadanda suka yi aiki a baya sun koma bakin aikinsu na asali, kashi 49% daga cikinsu suna da aƙalla mabiyi ɗaya na watanni 12. bayan an sallame su daga asibiti, kuma yanayin lafiyar kungiyar ya yi kasa da na yawan jama'a. Mata yana da mafi damar da gajiya, tsoka rauni, tashin hankali, ciki, ko sosai huhu yadawa idan aka kwatanta da maza. Har ila yau, binciken ya gano cewa wadanda suka tsira sun kasance cikin haɗari ga sakamakon tabin hankali kamar damuwa da damuwa.<ref name=":2" />

Wani bincike na watan Satumba, shekarar 2021, da aka buga a cikin ''The Lancet ya'' gano cewa samun allurai biyu na rigakafin COVID-19 ya rage rashin daidaiton dogon COVID.<ref name=":3" />

== Dalilai ==
A halin yanzu ba a san dalilin da yasa yawancin mutane ke murmurewa sosai a cikin makonni biyu zuwa uku kuma wasu suna fuskantar alamun alamun tsawon makonni ko watanni.<ref name=":4" /> Kodayake ainihin hanyoyin da ke haifar da dogon COVID har yanzu ba a san su ba, an ba da shawarar dabaru da yawa.

Wani labarin bita na watan Maris, shekarar 2021, ya ambaci waɗannan hanyoyin ilimin halittar jiki a matsayin manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da dogon COVID:<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Nalbandian A, Sehgal K, Gupta A, Madhavan MV, McGroder C, Stevens JS, Cook JR, Nordvig AS, Shalev D, Sehrawat TS, Ahluwalia N, Bikdeli B, Dietz D, Der-Nigoghossian C, Liyanage-Don N, Rosner GF, Bernstein EJ, Mohan S, Beckley AA, Seres DS, Choueiri TK, Uriel N, Ausiello JC, Accili D, Freedberg DE, Baldwin M, Schwartz A, Brodie D, Garcia CK, Elkind MS, Connors JM, Bilezikian JP, Landry DW, Wan EY|display-authors=6|title=Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome|journal=Nature Medicine|volume=27|issue=4|pages=601–15|date=April 2021|pmid=33753937|doi=10.1038/s41591-021-01283-z|doi-access=free}}</ref>

* guba kai tsaye a cikin ƙwayoyin cuta masu kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta, musamman huhu
* ci gaba da kumburi saboda bayan kamuwa da cuta tsarin rigakafi dysregulation
* Raunin jijiyoyin jini da ischemia da ke haifar da cutar ta haifar da hypercoagulability da thromboses
* Rashin tsarin tsarin renin-angiotensin da ke da alaƙa da tasirin SARS-CoV-2 akan ƙwayar ACE2

A cikin Oktoba 2020, wani bita da Cibiyar Nazarin Lafiya ta Ƙasa ta Burtaniya ta yi hasashe cewa doguwar alamun COVID na iya kasancewa saboda cututtuka guda huɗu:<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Mahase E|title=Long covid could be four different syndromes, review suggests|journal=BMJ|volume=371|pages=m3981|date=October 2020|pmid=33055076|doi=10.1136/bmj.m3981|lay-url=https://www.bbc.com/news/health-54540544|s2cid=222348080|doi-access=free|lay-date=15 October 2020|lay-source=BBC News}}</ref>

* lalacewa ta dindindin ga huhu da zuciya ,
* ciwon bayan jin zafi ,
* Rashin gajiya bayan kamuwa da cuta, wani lokaci ana ɗaukarsa iri ɗaya da Myalgic Encephalomyelitis / Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS), da
* ci gaba da alamun COVID-19 .

Sauran yanayin da ka iya haifar da sababbin alamu da ci gaba sun haɗa da:

* kwayar cutar tana kasancewa na tsawon lokaci fiye da yadda aka saba, saboda rashin amsawar rigakafi mara inganci;<ref name=":4" />
* sake kamuwa da cuta (misali, tare da wani nau'in ƙwayar cuta);<ref name=":4" />
* lalacewa ta hanyar kumburi da kuma karfin rigakafi mai karfi ga kamuwa da cuta;<ref name=":4" />
* lalata jiki saboda rashin motsa jiki yayin rashin lafiya; <ref name=":6">{{Cite journal}}</ref> kuma
* Damuwa bayan tashin hankali ko wasu<ref name=":4" /> musamman a cikin mutanen da a baya suka fuskanci damuwa, damuwa, rashin barci, ko wasu matsalolin lafiyar hankali. <ref name="mt12">{{cite journal|vauthors=Taquet M, Luciano S, Geddes JR, Harrison PJ|title=Bidirectional associations between COVID-19 and psychiatric disorder: retrospective cohort studies of 62 354 COVID-19 cases in the USA|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=8|issue=2|pages=130–40|date=February 2021|pmid=33181098|pmc=7820108|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30462-4|doi-access=free}}</ref>[ Babu tushen tushen da ake buƙata ]

=== Kamanceceniya da sauran cututtuka ===
Dogon COVID yayi kama da ciwon bayan-Ebola da ciwon bayan kamuwa da cuta da ake gani a chikungunya da cututtukan da ke bayyana suna haifar da ME/CFS, kuma ilimin halittar jiki na dogon COVID na iya zama kama da waɗannan yanayi.<ref name=":72" /> Wasu dogayen marasa lafiya na COVID a cikin Kanada an gano su da myalgic encephalomyelitis/na kullum gajiya ciwo, "mai raɗaɗi, cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa waɗanda aka yi imanin cewa wata cuta ce ta haifar da cutar a mafi yawan lokuta". Lucinda Bateman, kwararriya a ME/CFS a Salt Lake City a Amurka ta yi imanin cewa ciwon guda biyu iri ɗaya ne. Akwai buƙatar ƙarin bincike a cikin ME/CFS; Anthony Fauci, babban mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kiwon lafiya ga gwamnatin Amurka, ya ce COVID-19 "wani sanannen wakili ne na ilimin etiologic wanda ya kamata ya taimaka sosai a yanzu wajen samun damar fahimtar [ME/CFS]"<ref>{{cite web|title=Some COVID-19 long-haulers are developing a 'devastating' syndrome|website=[[CTV News]]|vauthors=Dunham J|date=5 May 2021|url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/health/coronavirus/some-covid-19-long-haulers-are-developing-a-devastating-syndrome-1.5415288|access-date=7 May 2021}}</ref>

=== Abubuwan haɗari ===
Dangane da binciken King's College London da aka fara bugawa a ranar 21 ga watan Oktoba, shekarar 2020, abubuwan haɗari na dogon COVID na iya haɗawa da:<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Sudre CH, Murray B, Varsavsky T, Graham MS, Penfold RS, Bowyer RC, Pujol JC, Klaser K, Antonelli M, Canas LS, Molteni E, Modat M, Jorge Cardoso M, May A, Ganesh S, Davies R, Nguyen LH, Drew DA, Astley CM, Joshi AD, Merino J, Tsereteli N, Fall T, Gomez MF, Duncan EL, Menni C, Williams FM, Franks PW, Chan AT, Wolf J, Ourselin S, Spector T, Steves CJ|display-authors=6|title=Attributes and predictors of long COVID|journal=Nature Medicine|volume=27|issue=4|pages=626–31|date=April 2021|pmid=33692530|pmc=7611399|doi=10.1038/s41591-021-01292-y|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="ZoeOct203">{{cite news|title=Long Covid: Who is more likely to get it?|vauthors=Gallagher J|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-54622059|date=21 October 2020|access-date=21 October 2020|work=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref name="kingsnew3">{{cite web|title=New research identifies those most at risk from 'long COVID'|website=King's College London|date=21 October 2020|url=https://www.kcl.ac.uk/news/study-identifies-those-most-risk-long-covid|access-date=22 October 2020}}</ref>

* Shekaru - musamman wadanda suka haura 50
* Kiba<ref name="kingsnew3" />
* [[Fuka|Asma]]
* Bayar da rahotanni sama da alamomi biyar (misali fiye da tari, gajiya, ciwon kai, gudawa, asarar jin wari) a cikin makon farko na kamuwa da cutar COVID-19; biyar shine matsakaicin lamba da aka ruwaito 

== Hanyoyin haɗi na waje ==

* {{YouTube|ulJSEo2fWvA|Long Covid}} (21 October 2020) – UK Government film about long COVID.
* {{cite web|title=PHOSP|website=Home|url=https://www.phosp.org/|publisher=[[University of Leicester]]|quote=The Post-hospitalisation COVID-19 study (PHOSP-COVID) is a consortium of leading researchers and clinicians from across the UK working together to understand and improve long-term health outcomes for patients who have been in hospital with confirmed or suspected COVID-19.}}

== Manazarta ==
[[Category:Covid-19]]
[[Category:Shafuka masu Fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]]