Dogrib harshe
| Dogrib | |
|---|---|
| Tlicho | |
| Asali a | Canada |
'Yan asalin magana | 1,735, 90% of ethnic population (2016 census)[1] |
|
Dené–Yeniseian?
| |
| Lamban rijistar harshe | |
| ISO 639-3 |
dgr |
| Glottolog |
dogr1252[2] |
Harshen Tlicho, kuma aka sani da Tłı̨chǫ Yatıì ( </link> ) ko yaren Dogrib, yare ne na Arewacin Athabaskan da Tłı̨chǫ (Dogrib) ke magana da al'ummar farko na yankin Arewa maso yamma na Kanada. Bisa ga kididdigar Kanada a cikin 2011, akwai mutane 2,080wanda da ke magana da Tłı̨chǫ Yatıì. Ya zuwa 2016, mutane 1,735 suna magana da yaren.
Tłıchǫ Yatıì yana magana da Tłıchǫ, Dene First Nations mutanen da ke zaune a Yankin Arewa maso Yamma na Kanada. Ƙasar Tłı̨chǫ tana gabas da Kogin Mackenzie (Deh Cho) tsakanin Babban Tekun Slave (Tıdeè) da Babban Tekun Bear (Sahtu) a cikin Yankunan Arewa maso Yamma. Akwai al'ummomi na farko guda huɗu waɗanda ke magana da yaren: Gamèti (tsohuwar Rae Lakes), Behchokǫ̀ (tsohon Rae-Edzo), Wekweètì (tsohon Tafkunan Snare) da Whatì (tsohon Lac La Martre). Daga adadin yawan jama'a kusan 800 a tsakiyar karni na 19 zuwa kusan 1,700 a shekarun 1970, yawan jama'a ya karu zuwa kusan 2,080 kamar yadda kidayar 2011 ta yi. Koyaya, Tłıchǫ Yatıì ya ga raguwar masu magana da harshen uwa, don haka sanya shi ƙarƙashin jerin harsunan da ke cikin haɗari.
Yankin Tłıchǫ ya mamaye arewacin gabar tekun Great Slave (Tıdeè), ya kai har zuwa tafkin Great Bear (Sahtu). Behchokǫ̀, ita ce mafi girma a cikin yankin Tłıchǫ. A cewar shirin Harsunan da ke Kashe Kashewa, kusan mutane 1,350 suna magana da yaren yayin da suke gida. Masu iya magana galibi suna iya Turanci sosai.
Tarihi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Tłıchǫ Yatıì a al'adance harshe ne kawai na baka. Tłı̨chǫ Yatıì yana ɗaya daga cikin yawancin yarukan ƴan asalin Kanada waɗanda tsarin makarantar zama na Indiyawan Kanada ya shafa. Ta hanyar Dokar Burtaniya ta Arewacin Amurka ta 1867 da Dokar Indiya ta 1876, Gwamnatin Kanada ta tsara ikonta na bai ɗaya akan 'yan asalin asalin da ƙasashensu. A cikin 1920s waɗannan makarantu sun zama tilas ga duk yara na asali su halarta. Ba a yarda a yi magana da harsunan asali a waɗannan makarantu ba tun ƙarshen ƙarni na 19. Na ƙarshe na makarantun zama an rufe a 1996. Waɗannan makarantu sun ba da gudummawa sosai don ƙauracewa harshe daga harsunan Asalin, gami da Tłı̨chǫ Yatıì, da kuma zuwa Turanci. [3]
A cikin 1992, an buga bugu na farko na Tłıchǫ Yatıì Enįhtł'è - A Dogrib Dictionary wanda ya ba mutanen Tłıchǫ bayanan kalmomi da haruffa. Wannan ya haifar da sha'awar membobin al'umma kuma ya zama matakin farko na yunƙurin farfaɗowa.
Ƙoƙarin farfaɗowa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
A cikin 2005, Tłıchǫ ya sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Tłıchǫ don Gudanar da Kai. Wannan ya bai wa mutanen Tłıchǫ damar ba da fifiko wajen kiyaye harshensu, al'adunsu da salon rayuwarsu. Tun lokacin da aka aiwatar da shi, Gwamnatin Tłıchǫ tana aiki tuƙuru don taimaka wa matasa na Tłıchǫ su koyi yaren ta hanyar ayyana Tłıchǫ Yatıì a matsayin ɗayan harsuna biyu na gwamnatin Tłıchǫ. Ƙoƙarin farfadowa sun haɗa da sanya alamu a cikin Tłıchǫ Yatıì, ƙirƙirar shirye-shiryen ƙasa, samar da azuzuwan Tłıchǫ Yatıì ga membobin al'umma.
Tłı̨chǫ Yatıì ɗaya ne daga cikin manyan harsunan ƴan asalin yankin na Arewa maso Yamma (NWT) a Kanada. Saboda matsayinsa na hukuma, Sashen Ilimi, Al'adu, da Aiki na NWT, yana sa ido kan harshen ta Sakatariyar Harsunan Yan Asalin da Ilimi tun daga 2014. Wannan sashen ya keɓe don farfado da harsunan hukuma a cikin NWT kuma yana da manufofin da ke tabbatar da ci gaba da amfani da haɓakar harsunan Asalin. Dangane da Rahoton Shekara-shekara na 2018 - 2019 kan Harsunan Hukuma, Gwamnatin Tłı̨chǫ ta yi ƙoƙarin farfado da yawa. Wasu daga cikinsu sun haɗa da Ba da Labarin Maraice na Dattijo wanda ke faruwa mako-mako, rubutawa da fassara kayan zuwa cikin Tłı̨chǫ Yatıì don azuzuwa, kafa gidan rediyo, da samun azuzuwan yaren al'umma a cikin yaren, yanzu ya haɗa da azuzuwan nutsewa a cikin maki K-7. Baya ga ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce na gida, Dokar Harsuna na Hukuma ta tabbatar da cewa ana amfani da Tłı̨chǫ Yatıì da sauran yarukan ƴan asalin wajen samar da ayyukan gwamnati. [4]
Rarraba yanki[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
An fi yin yaren a yankin Arewa maso Yamma na Kanada. Al'ummomin Tłıchǫ huɗu na hukuma sune Gamètì, Behchokǫ̀, Wekweètì da Whatì. Dukkan al'ummomin biyu na Yellowknife da Dettah suma suna da masu magana da Tłıchǫ da yawa, galibi suna magana da yaren Wıı̀lııdeh Yatıı.
Yaruka[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Yellowknives Dene suna magana da yare na Tłı̨chǫ mai suna Wıı̀lııdeh Yatıı̀. Wannan yare ya samo asali ne lokacin da masu magana da Chipewyan suka fara magana Tłı̨chǫ bayan 1829 kuma suka haɗa wasu kalmomin Chipewyan da nahawu.
- ↑ "Language Highlight Tables, 2016 Census - Aboriginal mother tongue, Aboriginal language spoken most often at home and Other Aboriginal language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population excluding institutional residents of Canada, provinces and territories, 2016 Census – 100% Data". www12.statcan.gc.ca (in Turanci). Government of Canada, Statistics. 2017-08-02. Retrieved 2017-11-23.
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Dogrib". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ Empty citation (help)
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
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