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Durrës

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Durrës
Durrësi (sq)


Wuri
Map
 41°18′48″N 19°26′45″E / 41.3133°N 19.4458°E / 41.3133; 19.4458
Ƴantacciyar ƙasaAlbaniya
County of Albania (en) FassaraDurrës County (en) Fassara
Babban birnin
Kingdom of Albania (en) Fassara (1272–1368)
Durrës District (en) Fassara (–1993)
Durrës County (en) Fassara
Yawan mutane
Faɗi 113,249 (2011)
• Yawan mutane 2,445.98 mazaunan/km²
Labarin ƙasa
Yawan fili 46.3 km²
Altitude (en) Fassara 0 m
Bayanan tarihi
Mabiyi Epidamnos (en) Fassara
Muhimman sha'ani
Bayanan Tuntuɓa
Lambar aika saƙo 2000
Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci
Tsarin lamba ta kiran tarho 052
Wasu abun

Yanar gizo durres.gov.al

Durrës birni ne na biyu mafi girma a Albaniya.[1] A shekarar 2011, tana da yawan jama'a 175,110.[2]

Garin yana kan wurin zama na Romawa na Dyrrachium. Bayan 323 BC Epidamnus-Dyrrhachium ya shiga cikin shiga cikin Illyria na Makidoniya a ƙarƙashin Cassander, wanda ya yi karo da Illyrians a ƙarƙashin Glaukias. Wataƙila birnin mai yiwuwa ƙarƙashin ikon Pyrrhus na Epirus a farkon ƙarni na 3 BC.[3]

Kamar yawancin sauran Balkans, Dyrrachium da kewayen Dyrraciensis lardin sun sha wahala sosai daga hare-haren barebari a lokacin Hijira. Theodoric the Great, sarkin Ostrogoths ya kewaye shi a cikin 481, kuma a cikin ƙarni da suka biyo baya dole ne ya kawar da kai hare-hare daga Bulgariawa. Maras tasiri da faduwar Daular Rum ta Yamma ba, birnin ya ci gaba a ƙarƙashin daular Byzantine a matsayin muhimmiyar tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma babbar hanyar haɗi tsakanin Daular da yammacin Turai.[4]

A cikin ƙarni na 11-12, birnin yana da mahimmanci a matsayin ƙarfafa soja da kuma Metropolitan duba maimakon a matsayin babbar cibiyar tattalin arziki kuma bai taba murmurewa marigayi tsohuwar wadata.[5]

A cikin 1205, bayan yaƙin Crusade na huɗu, an mayar da birnin zuwa mulkin Jamhuriyar Venice, wanda ya kafa "Duchy of Durazzo".[6]

A farkon karni na 14, haɗin gwiwar Anjous, Hungariyawa, da Albaniyawa na dangin Thopia ne ke mulkin birnin.[7]

Durrës ya zama batu mai mahimmanci na ciniki tare da Jamhuriyar Venice, musamman a cikin hatsi da man zaitun, kamar yadda karamin jakadan Venetia a birnin ya ruwaito a shekara ta 1769.[8]

Durrës birni ne mai aiki a cikin ƙungiyar 'yanci da ƙasar Albaniya a cikin lokutan 1878-1881 da 1910-1912. Ismail Qemali ya ɗaga tutar Albaniya a ranar 26 ga Nuwamba 1912 amma Masarautar Sabiya ta mamaye birnin bayan kwanani uku lokacin Yaƙin Balkan na Farko. A ranar 29 ga Nuwamba 1912 Durrës ya zama gundumar gundumar Durrës ɗaya daga cikin lardunan Masarautar Sabiya wacce aka kafa a ɓangaren ƙasar Albaniya wacce ta mamaye daular Usmaniyya.[9]

A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Farko, Italiya ta mamaye birnin a cikin 1915 da kuma Austriya-Hungary a cikin 1916-1918.[10]

A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na biyu, Durrës da sauran Albaniya an mamaye su a cikin Afrilu 1939  kuma an haɗa su zuwa Mulkin Italiya har zuwa 1943, sannan Nazi Jamus  ya mamaya har zuwa kaka 1944.[11]

Gwamnatin Kwaminisanci ta Enver Hoxha ta sake gina birnin cikin hanzari bayan yakin, tare da kafa manyan masana'antu iri-iri a yankin tare da fadada tashar jiragen ruwa.[12]

Bayan rugujewar mulkin gurguzu a 1990, Durrës ya zama abin da aka fi mayar da hankali kan ƙaura daga Albaniya tare da sace jiragen ruwa a tashar jiragen ruwa kuma suka tashi da bindiga zuwa Italiya.[13]

Bayan farkon karni na 21, an sake farfado da Durrës yayin da aka gyara tituna da yawa, yayin da wuraren shakatawa da facade suka fuskanci tashin fuska.[14]


  1. "Durrës". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2024-03-25.
  2. "Durrës - Porta Vendore". Porta Vendore. Retrieved 2024-03-25.
  3. "The earliest history of Durrës". Jstor. Retrieved 2024-03-25.
  4. "Durrës in the Byzantine period". Nomads travel guide. Retrieved 2024-03-25.
  5. "Durrës in the Middle Ages". Wander. Retrieved 2024-03-25.
  6. "Duchy of Durazzo". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2024-03-25.
  7. "Rulers of Durrës in the Middle Age". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2024-03-25.
  8. "Durrës and the relationship with Venetians". Vlachs. Retrieved 2024-03-25.
  9. "1912-1913: Serbian occupation of Durrës and the transfer of artifacts to Belgrade". Koha. Retrieved 2024-03-25.
  10. "Austro-Hungarian Presence in Albania - History, Architecture, planning, infrastructure - 1916-1935". Research Gate. Retrieved 2024-03-25.
  11. "Durrës during Fascist Italian and Nazi German occupation". Panacomp. Retrieved 2024-03-25.
  12. "Durrës during Communist era". Jstor. Retrieved 2024-03-25.
  13. "Immigrants from Albania that went through Durrës to Italy". Migration policy. Retrieved 2024-03-25.
  14. "Analysis of the Waterfront Transformation of the 'Plazh' Area of the City of Durres, Albania". Research Gate. Retrieved 2024-03-25.

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