Fulani masu tsattsauran ra'ayi
 Fulani masu tsattsauran ra'ayi |
|---|
Rikicin kabilanci da ya shafi Fulani (wanda aka fi sani da Fula) yana faruwa ne a yammacin Afirka, musamman a Najeriya, har ma da Mali, Kamaru, Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, da Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, saboda rikice-rikicen filaye da al'adu.[1][2] Adadin wadanda aka kashe kadan ne na kowane hari kadan ne, kodayake adadin wadanda suka mutu ya kai dubbai.
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Rikicin kabilanci da ya shafi Fulani da Manoma
Rikicin yana faruwa ne a yammacin Afirka, musamman a Najeriya, har ma da Mali, Kamaru, Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, da Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya,[3] saboda rikice-rikicen filaye da al'adu. Adadin wadanda aka kashe kadan ne na kowane hari kadan ne, kodayake adadin wadanda suka mutu ya kai dubbai.[4]
Fulani galibi makiyaya ne kuma suna zaune ne a cikin yanayin da ba shi da danshi a yammacin Afirka . Saboda karuwar yawan jama'a da kwararowar hamada, dole Fulani makiyaya su tashi zuwa kudu zuwa kasashe masu albarka inda zasu samu ruwa da ciyawaya domin yin kiwo. Wannan ya haifar da rikici da manoma. Wannan tashin hankalin ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar sama da mutum dubu goma 10,000.
Wadannan rikice-rikicen ana yin su ne a matsayin rikicin kabilanci da addini duk da dimbin Fulani makiyaya ba Musulmi ba ne ko kuma ba Musulmi ba ne. Har ila yau an kai wa al’ummar Fulani masu zaman lafiya hari tare da kai farmaki da ‘yan bindiga ciki har da ’yan bindigar Fulani. Miliyoyin al’ummar Fulani su ma suna fama da kyama da wariya saboda ana zarginsu da laifukan wasu ‘yan Fulani dubbai.
Najeriya ta fi fuskantar hare-haren. A watan Janairu 2018 ya cika shekaru biyar a yawan hare haren da fulani ke kai wa a Najeriya. A cikin 2018, an danganta asarar rayuka 1,868 a rikicin da ya shafi mayakan Fulani (dukansu a rikicin da ‘yan bindiga suka haddasa da kuma hare-haren da ake kai wa mambobinsu). A cikin watan Janairun 2018 kacal, an samu tashe-tashen hankula 91 da ke da alaka da mayakan Fulani, wanda ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar mutane 302. Koyaya, waɗannan rikice-rikice ba su da sauƙi a rarraba su. Waɗannan ƴan sa-kai ba gungun masu ɗauke da makamai ba ne, waɗanda ke aiki ƙarƙashin wata takamaiman manufa. Mafi yawan tashe-tashen hankulan da ke tattare da wadannan tsageru sun ta'allaka ne kan rashin jituwa tsakanin makiyaya da al'ummomin manoma, shi ya sa da yawa ke bayyana rikicin a matsayin rikicin manoma da makiyaya. Galibin Fulani a Najeriya Musulmi ne, lamarin da ya sa ake bayyana tashin hankalin a matsayin rikicin addini
Ana kai wadannan hare-haren ne da bindigogi, kodayake ana amfani da bama-bamai da garkuwa da mutane. Galibi suna kai hari kan kadarorin masu zaman kansu ne daga gine-ginen gwamnati, kasuwanci da cibiyoyin addini.
Mali
Rikicin Fulani ya yi tasiri sosai a Mali . A cikin 2012, Amadou Sanogo ya hambarar da gwamnatin Mali. Ko da yake an riga an fara zaman dar dar tsakanin Kiristocin Kudu da Musulmin Arewa, amma juyin mulkin ya raunana kasar kuma ya ba da damar ta'addanci ya taso.
Kungiyoyin Fulani masu tsattsauran ra'ayi sun taso a Mali. Kungiyar Macina Liberation Front (FLM) ta kafa a shekarar 2015, kuma ta kai hare-hare 29 tare da jikkata akalla 129. Wata kungiya kuma ita ce kungiyar kare hakkin Fulani ta kasa da kuma dawo da adalci (ANSIPRJ). Wannan kungiya ta kai hari guda daya a shekarar 2016 wanda ya kashe mutane 17 tare da jikkata 35.
Kungiyoyin Fulani na Mali masu tsattsauran ra'ayi suna kai hari kan cibiyoyin gwamnati maimakon kadarorin masu zaman kansu. Yawancin hare-haren ana yin su ne da bindigogi.
Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya
Ya zuwa watan Afrilun 2019, an kai hare-hare goma sha hudu a Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya . Babban abin da ake nufi shine kadarorin masu zaman kansu. Makamin zabin bindiga ne.
Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo
As of April 2019, one attack had occurred in the Democratic Republic of Congo. On March 26, 2016, Fulani extremists attacked a military base in Ngaliema. The attackers injured a soldier but cost them three of their own men.
Kamaru
A watan Fabrairun 2020, Fulani masu tsattsauran ra'ayi sun yi kisan kiyashi a Ngarbuh tare da sojojin Kamaru yayin rikicin Anglophone .