Haƙƙoƙin Ƙungiya Da Ɗaiɗaikun Mutane
 Haƙƙoƙin Ƙungiya Da Ɗaiɗaikun Mutane | |
|---|---|
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | yarjejeniya da Haƙƙoƙi |
Hakkin mutum, wanda aka fi sani da haƙƙin halitta, haƙƙin da mutane ke riƙewa ta hanyar kasancewa ɗan adam. Wasu masu bin addinin Allah sun yi imanin cewa Allah ne ya ba da haƙƙin mutum. Hakkin mutum shine da'awar ɗabi'a ga 'yancin aiki.[1]
Hakkin rukuni, wanda aka fi sani da haƙƙin rukuni, haƙƙin da ƙungiyar ke riƙewa gaba ɗaya maimakon ɗayan membobinta.[2] Sabanin haka, haƙƙin mutum haƙƙin mutum ne; koda kuwa an rarrabe su a cikin rukuni, wanda mafi yawan haƙƙoƙin su ne, sun kasance haƙƙin mutum idan masu haƙƙin su ne mutane da kansu. [yanawa da ake buƙata]
Hakkin mutum da haƙƙin rukuni galibi ba su dace ba. Ana amfani da roƙo ga haƙƙin rukuni don inganta keta haƙƙin mutum. A tarihi, an yi amfani da haƙƙin rukuni don keta doka da sauƙaƙe haƙƙin mutum, kuma ra'ayin ya kasance mai kawo rigima.
Hakkin rukuni
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Falsafa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A cikin ra'ayoyin siyasa na masu sassaucin ra'ayi na gargajiya da wasu 'yanci masu sassaucinni ra'ayi, rawar da gwamnati ke takawa ita ce kawai ganowa, karewa, da kuma aiwatar da haƙƙin halitta na mutum yayin ƙoƙarin tabbatar da magunguna masu kyau don laifuffuka. Gwamnatocin masu sassaucin ra'ayi waɗanda ke mutunta haƙƙin mutum galibi suna ba da tsarin sarrafawa wanda ke kare haƙƙin mutum kamar tsari da ya dace a cikin shari'ar aikata laifuka. Wasu hakkoki na hadin gwiwa, alal misali, haƙƙin "Ƙaddamar da kai na mutane," [3] wanda aka tsara a Babi na I na Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, ya ba da damar kafawa don tabbatar da waɗannan haƙƙoƙin mutum. Idan mutane ba su iya tantance makomarsu ba, tabbas ba su iya tabbatarwa ko tabbatar da hakkinsu na mutum ba, makomarsu da 'yanci. Masu sukar suna ba da shawarar cewa duka biyun suna da alaƙa da haɗuwa, suna ƙin da'awar cewa suna cikin dangantaka ta musamman.[4]
Adam Smith, a cikin littafinsa The Wealth of Nations (1776), ya bayyana haƙƙin kowane ƙarni mai zuwa, a matsayin rukuni, gaba ɗaya, ga duniya da duk duniya da take da ita. Sanarwar 'Yancin Kai ta Amurka ta bayyana kungiyoyi da yawa, ko hadin gwiwa, haƙƙin mutane da jihohi, misali Hakkin Jama'a: "duk lokacin da kowane nau'in Gwamnati ya zama mai lalata waɗannan manufofi, haƙƙin Jama'a ne ya canza ko ya soke shi" da haƙƙin Jihohi: "... a matsayin Jihohin 'Yanci da Masu Zaman Kanta, suna da cikakken iko don karɓar Yaƙi, kammala zaman lafiya, yin yarjejeniya, kafa Kasuwanci, da kuma yin duk sauran Ayyuka da Abubuwan da Jihohi masu zaman kansu na gaskiya na iya yi.[5]
Masanin falsafar shari'a na Dutch Hugo Krabbe (1908) ya bayyana bambancin da ke tsakanin al'umma da ra'ayoyin mutum:
Tarayyar Soviet ta yi jayayya daidai da Marxism-Leninism cewa Universal Declaration of Human Rights ya fi fifiko ga haƙƙin mutum akan haƙƙin rukuni.[6]
Dubi kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Affirmative action - Manufofin da ke da niyyar kara hada mutane daga kungiyoyin da aka ware
- Collective identity - Ra'ayi na kasancewa cikin rukuni
- Haɗin kai da son kai
- Common good - Abin da aka raba kuma yana da fa'ida ga duka ko mafi yawan membobin wata al'umma
- Constitutional economics - Shirin bincike a cikin tattalin arziki da tsarin mulki
- Corporate personhood - Ra'ayi cewa kamfanoni na iya samun wasu hakkoki na doka, alhakin da lissafi
- Critical pedagogy - Falsafar ilimi
- Ethnic interest group - Ƙungiyar sha'awa ta musamman
- Freedom of movement - Hakkin mutane su yi tafiya a ciki da waje da ƙasarsu
- Identity (social science) - Halaye, imani, mutuntaka, kallo da / ko maganganun da ke rarrabe mutum
- Identity politics - Siyasa bisa ga asalin mutum
- Indigenism - Ra'ayoyi daban-daban da ke da alaƙa da 'yan asalin ƙasar
- Nuna bambanci da aka kafa
- Ƙungiyar 'yanci ta ƙungiya
- Liberation psychology - Hanyar ilimin halayyar dan adam
- Minority rights - 'Yancin membobin kungiyoyin' yan tsiraru
- Popular front - Haɗin gwiwar ƙungiyoyin siyasa daban-daban
- Primordialism - Ra'ayin cewa al'ummai ko kabilanci sun kasance masu tsayayya, na halitta da na dā
- Protected group - Alamar yawan jama'a
- 'Yancin jama'a - 'Yancin da ke cikin' yan ƙasa amma ƙungiyoyin siyasa sun ba su kuma sun tabbatar da su –
- Reparations (transitional justice) - Biyan da aka bayar don cin zarafi ko rauni
- Right to development - Hakkin Dan Adam
- Right to exist - Hakkin ra'ayi na al'ummai
- Self-determination - Hakkin shiga cikin mulkin mutum
- Special rights - Hakkin siyasa da aka ba wasu kungiyoyi
- Three generations of human rights - Rarraba haƙƙin ɗan adam zuwa rukuni uku na lokaci
- Voting bloc - Rukunin masu jefa kuri'a da ke motsawa saboda damuwa ta kowa
Ƙarin karantawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Barzilai, Gad (2003), Al'ummomi da Shari'a: Siyasa da Al'adu na Shari'a. Jami'ar Michigan Press, 2003. Bugawa ta biyu 2005. .ISBN 0-47211315-1
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Bayanai
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Haɗin waje
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Ayn Rand a kan 'Yancin Mutum An adana 2009-02-21 a
- 'Yancin Jama'a da' Yancin Jama'awa
- SEP - Hakkin rukuni
- ↑ Tara Smith (1995). "Moral rights and political freedom". archive.org (in Turanci).
- ↑ "Group Rights (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)". Plato.stanford.edu. 2008-09-22. Retrieved 2015-03-30.
- ↑ "Charter of the United Nations, Chapter 1: Purposes & Principles". www.un.org (in Turanci). Retrieved 2018-06-02.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named ":0". - ↑ "Declaration of Independence: A Transcription". The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration. November 2015. Retrieved 2022-10-11.
- ↑ Lukina, Anna (2017). "Soviet Union and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights". SSRN Electronic Journal. Elsevier BV. doi:10.2139/ssrn.2952292. ISSN 1556-5068.