Harshen Bagirmi
| Harshen Bagirmi | |
|---|---|
'Yan asalin magana | 44,800 (1983) |
| |
| Baƙaƙen boko | |
| Lamban rijistar harshe | |
| ISO 639-3 |
bmi |
| Glottolog |
bagi1246[1] |
Bagirmi (kuma Baguirmi; autonym: ɓarma) yare ne na Mutanen Bagirmi na Chadi na dangin Sudan na Tsakiya, wanda aka rarraba shi a matsayin wani ɓangare na dangin Nilo-Sahara. Mutane 44,761 ne suka yi magana a 1993, galibi a Yankin Chari-Baguirmi, da kuma a yankin Mokofi na Yankin Guéra. [2] Harshen Sultanate ne na Bagirmi (1522-1871) sannan kuma Daular Wadai kafin Scramble for Africa.
A cikin shekarun 1990s, an ba Bagirmi rubuce-rubuce kuma an rubuta matani da ke ba da umarnin karatu da rubutu ta hanyar kokarin Don da Orpha Raun, masu wa'azi na Kirista na Ikilisiyar Lutheran Brethren of America, marigayi a cikin ayyukansu na Chadian. A shekara ta 2003, Anthony Kimball ya kirkiro wani nau'i don tallafawa haruffa na Bagirmi da kuma hanyar shigar da Keyman don maɓallan Latin, kuma jikin wallafe-wallafen Baguirmi da aka buga ya ci gaba da fadada. Yawancin waɗannan wallafe-wallafen an rarraba su a Chadi ta hanyar David Raun, mai wa'azi a ƙasashen waje kuma ɗan Don da Orpha Raun, a farashi mai mahimmanci a matsayin sabis ga mutanen da ke magana da Bagirmi na Chadi.
Harshen harshe[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Sunaye[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Yawancin sunayen a cikin Bagirmi suna da disyllabic kuma nau'in sunan da aka saba amfani da shi shine consonant + wasali + consonant / wasali. Sautin karshe yawanci shi da magana.
w">Misalan: ŋwon (o) - yaro, njɨl (i) - inuwa
Hanyar da ta fi sauƙi a cikin Bagirmi ita ce monosyllabic kuma yawanci tana kunshe da ma'ana da wasali.
Misalan: ro -body,__wol____wol____wol__ - baƙo, da dare
A cikin harshen Bagirmi ana gabatar da yawancin sunaye ta hanyar -ge . Wannan doka ta shafi ba kawai ga sunan mai sauƙi ba har ma da masu cancanta da kuma ƙarshen a cikin sunayen suna da gine-gine na asali. wannan yanayin, ana ƙara ma'anar sau ɗaya kawai a ƙarshen kalmar.
Misalan: kam (o) (idaya) - kamge (idaya), jemagu (a) (tumaki) - badge (sheeps)
Hanyoyin da ke nuna jima'i[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Don Neha jima'i ŋgab (a) (mutum, namiji) ko nee (mace, mace) ya kamata a kara da suna.
w">w">Misalan: ŋwon ŋgab (a) - yaro, ŋwon nee - yarinya
Yawancin kalmomi a cikin gine-ginen adjectival suna aiki a matsayin tushen suna ko tushen magana kuma ba za a iya rarrabe su daga gare su ba (sai dai gaskiyar cewa sun fi fuskantar sakewa). Wadannan kalmomi "adjectives" ne kawai saboda aikace-aikacen su. Har ila yau, yawancin waɗannan kalmomi na iya ɗaukar ma'anar suna da maganganu.
Wakilan sunaye[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
A. siffofin ambaton mutum da aka yi amfani da su a ware ko kuma a matsayin batun a cikin maganganun da ba na magana ba;
| Mutum na farko | na (I) | Ni/jege (mu) |
| Mutum na biyu | i (kai) | se/se/Lef (ku, pl.) |
| Mutum na uku | ne (shi, ita) | Je/jege (su) |
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Harshen Bagirmi". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ Oxfam and Office National de Développement Rural (ONDR). 2016. Atlas de la vulnérabilité dans le Guera. Première partie: synthèse regional. 2nd edition (updated from 2013 edition). PASISAT (Projet d'Appui à l'Amélioration du Système d'Information sur la Sécurité Alimentaire au Tchad).