Harshen Luilang
| Luilang | |
|---|---|
| Ketagalan | |
| Asali a | Taiwan |
| Yanki | Banqiao area, New Taipei City |
| Ƙabila | Ketagalan |
| mid-20th century[1] | |
|
Tustrunizit
| |
| Lamban rijistar harshe | |
| ISO 639-3 |
kae |
| Glottolog |
keta1243[2] |
 Luilang is the northernmost of the four red areas in the map. | |
Luilang, ko Ketagalan a shakku (Ketangalan, Tangalan; Chinese ), yaren Formosan ne da ake magana a kudancin Taipei na zamani baya a arewacin Taiwan ta ɗaya daga cikin mutane da yawa da ake kira Ketagalan . Wataƙila harshen ya ɓace a tsakiyar ƙarni na 20 kuma ba a tabbatar da shi sosai ba.
Wuri[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Bisa al'adar baka, mutanen Luilang sun fara zama ƙauyuka huɗu kusa da Taipei: Luili (雷里, Leili), Siulang (秀朗, Xiulang), Bulisiat (務裡薛, Wulixue) da Liau-a (了阿, Liao'a) . Waɗannan sun haɗu a ƙarƙashin sunan haɗin gwiwar Luilang (雷朗, Leilang), kuma daga baya sun yi ƙaura zuwa wurin da suke a yanzu a cikin Outer Oat-a (外挖仔庄, Waiwazizhuang) a cikin karni na 18.
Suna[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Ethnologue da Glottolog suna amfani da sunan 'Ketagalan' don harshen Luilang. Duk da haka, wannan sunan ba shi da tabbas, tun asali yana nufin dukan ƙabilu na fili na arewacin Taiwan. An yi gardama a cikin wallafe-wallafen ko ya fi kyau a yi amfani da Luilang, a kudu da yammacin Taipei, ko kuma Basay, a gabas. 'Luilang' sunan ƙauyen kakanni ne, kuma ba shi da wata ma'ana ga yaren kudu maso yammacin Taipei, yayin da 'Basay' shine ƙarshen harshen a gabas, kuma ba shi da tabbas. [3]
Lambobin Luilang sun bambanta sosai. Misali, yaren Basay yana da lambobi 5 – 10 waɗanda ke da alaƙa da Proto-Malayo-Polynesian, wanda Luilang ba ya yi. Siffofin da Guérin ya rubuta (ta amfani da fassarar Faransanci), Ino (ta amfani da rubutun Jafananci) da Ogawa sune: [4] [5]
| source | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xiulang? (Guérin 1868) | saka | tsusa | toulou | souvad | laleup | tsouloup | patsouo-ana | patouloun | sateuna | isit |
| Xiulang (Ino 1896) | saka | tsusa | tooru | sma | naru | tsuro | yinai | tonai | satoronai | |
| Xiulang (Ino 1897) | saka | tsusa | tooru | seva | rārup | tserup | senai | patoorunai | satoorunai | irip |
| Luilang (Ogawa 1944) | sa(ka) | tsusa | tuḷu | suva | (na)lup | (na)tsulup | innai | patulunai | satulunai | isit |
| Ketangalan | tsa | Lusa | tsʰu: | špat | tsima | anum | pitu | watsu | siwa | Labatan |
Bayanan kula[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- ↑ Template:Ethnologue18
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Ketangalan". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ Tsuchida, Shigeru. 1985. Kulon: Yet another Austronesian language in Taiwan?. Bulletin of the Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica 60. 1-59.
- ↑ Laurent Sagart (2004) The Higher Phylogeny of Austronesian and the Position of Tai-Kadai
- ↑ Li, Jen-kuei and Masayuki Toyoshima (eds). 2006. comparative vocabulary of Formosan languages and dialects, by Naoyoshi Ogawa. Asian and African lexicon series 49. Institute for Languages and cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies.
Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]