Pauline Mele

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Pauline Mele
Rayuwa
Haihuwa 1963 (60/61 shekaru)
Sana'a
Sana'a ecologist (en) Fassara
Employers La Trobe University (en) Fassara  (2009 -
scholars.latrobe.edu.au…

Mataimakin Paul Paul M. Mele (an haife ta ranar 25 ga watan Janairu, 1963) a Traralgon, Victoria. A yanzu haka tana ma'aikatar bunkasa tattalin arziki, ayyuka, sufuri da albarkatu, Victoria. Mele ne Australian da ake dasu ecologist kwarewa a aikin gona da kasa na hatsi samar yankuna. Bukatunta suna cikin haɓaka kyakkyawar fahimtar al'ummomin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke tallafawa tsarin tsire-tsire da tsarin samar da dabbobi kuma mafi mahimmanci, yadda manajojin ƙasa za su iya adanawa da haɓaka waɗannan ayyukan ta amfani da dabarun gudanarwa daban-daban.

Farkon aiki[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A shekara ta 2006, Mele ita ce mace ta farko da aka baiwa lambar yabo ta Babban Jami'in Bincike ta Land da Ruwa a kasar Australiya kuma ta gudanar da bita a kan nazarin ilimin halittu na kasa don samar da sabon yarjejeniya don binciko dukiyar kasar Australiya ta 'boye', kasar biota. A yin haka sai ta ba da shawara:[1][2][3]

  • Zaɓuɓɓuka don ingantaccen tsarin don saka hannun jari a cikin ilimin ƙirar ƙasa.
  • Tsarin aiki wanda ke haɗa ilimin ilimin ƙirar ƙasa a cikin ilimi da aikace-aikacen sa ido waɗanda ke da tasirin yankin kasar Australiya.
  • Emparfafawa al'umma wacce zata iya yanke shawara mai kyau game da kula da albarkatun ƙasa.
  • Tsarin aiki wanda ke haɗa ilimin ilimin kimiyyar ƙasa cikin yanke shawara game da manufofin ƙasa mai ɗorewa da aiyukan halittu.

A wannan shekarar, Mele ta sami nasarar cin gagarumar saka hannun jari ta Victoria don haɗa hannu da Cibiyar J. Craig Venter don nazarin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ƙasa mai mahimmancin noma da kuma tsarin narkewar abinci. Wannan shine karo na farko a Kasar Ostiraliya da aka tsara DNA na al'ummomin da ke cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta don bayyana ƙwayoyin microbes da ba a taɓa gani ba. Mele a halin yanzu bunkasa a National Kasar gona Biology Initiative for da Australian Hatsi Research and Development Corporation da kuma wani bangare ne na wata tawagar cewa an Taswirar kasar gona rabe-raben fadin wani bambancin kewayon Australian ƙasa biomes .

Bincike[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Binciken Mele ya fi mayar da hankali kan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda aka samo tare da tsire-tsire. Abinda ta fi mayar da hankali ga ayyukanta galibi a cikin ƙasa daban-daban da ke ƙarƙashin amfanin gona da makiyaya ko kuma a cikin yankin nan da nan kewaye da tushen shukar ( rhizosphere ). Abinda take sha'awa shine fahimtar yadda tsarin kwayoyin halittar da ake samu a wadannan matsugunai ke aiki don inganta aikin tsirrai ko dai ta hanyar inganta hanyoyin samun abinci mai gina jiki (galibi Nitrogen ) ko kuma ta hanyar kare su daga cututtukan da ke haifar da ƙasa. Hadadden wadannan microhabitats ya bada garantin amfani da fasahohi masu karfi kuma zuwan hanyoyin DNA ya kawo sauyi a kan karatu irin wadannan, ta yadda kungiyar Mele ta dogara ne kacokam kan fitar da kwayoyin halittar microbes don samar da alamun yadda Gudanar da aikin gona yana tasiri kan aikin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma yadda masu mallakar ƙasa za su iya yin amfani da yanayin ƙasa don ƙarfafa al'ummomin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. Ana iya ganin Mele da ƙungiyarta suna tafiya zuwa yankunan shukokin kudu a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje na hannu wanda ke ba da damar sarrafa samfuran yanar gizo, muhimmiyar buƙata don ɗaukar ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta masu ban sha'awa kamar yadda suke a filin. Mele da abokan aikin ta a yanzu fadada su nazarin Australia- fadi a wani farko ƙoƙari rarraba da map da bambancin da ƙasa da ake dasu al'ummomi samu a zamanin da da kuma sosai weathered kasa, yin amfani da DNA jerawa halarci. Mele ta yi imanin cewa, ba a fahimci mahimmancin kimiyyar halittar ƙasa a cikin tsarin noman zamani ba amma yana ba da babbar dama ta shawo kan ƙuntatawar samarwa. Ta kuma yi imanin cewa haɗaɗɗen haɗin gwiwar haɗin gwiwar yin amfani da ƙwarewar masarufi da ilimin da ya gabata ita ce kawai hanyar da za a cimma nasarar wadatar amfanin gona da ake buƙata.[4][5][6]

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. "Soil Biology Initiative". Grdc.com.au. Archived from the original on 29 December 2014. Retrieved 8 December 2014.
  2. "Soil Secrets". Abc.net.au. Retrieved 28 December 2018.
  3. "Global recognition for ABC program on GRDC Soil Biology Initiative". Grdc.com.au. Archived from the original on 10 December 2014. Retrieved 8 December 2014.
  4. "Bioplatforms Australia". Bioplatforms.com.au. Retrieved 8 December 2014.
  5. Mele, P.M. et al (in preparation) . Distribution of soil biodiversity- Agro ecosystems. Chapter 3. In 'Global Soil Biodiversity Atlas'. Global Soil Biodiversity Initiative.
  6. Mele, P.M. (2011). "Soil biota, soil health and climate change. Chapter 8. In 'Soil Health and Climate Change'. Editors: Bhupinder P Singh, Annette L Cowie & K Yin Chan. Soil Biology Series". Springer, Amsterdam. Retrieved 19 May 2015.