Taiwan Hakka

Taiwan Hakka
Dangin harshen	Sino-Tibetan (en) Sinanci Hakka Chinese (en) Taiwan Hakka
Lamban rijistar harshe
ISO 639-3	–

Hakka na Taiwan rukuni ne na yare wanda ya ƙunshi yarukan Hakka waɗanda ake magana da su a cikin Taiwan, kuma mutanen zuriyar Hakka galibi ke amfani da su . Hakka ta Taiwan ta kasu zuwa manyan yaruka biyar: Sixian, Hailu, Dabu, Raoping, da Zhao'an . Yarukan Hakka biyar da aka fi magana a ƙasar Taiwan su ne Sixian da Hailu. Na farko, yana da sautuna 6, ya samo asali ne daga Meizhou, Guangdong, kuma ana magana da shi a cikin Miaoli, Pingtung da Kaohsiung, yayin da na ƙarshen, yana da sautuna 7, ya samo asali ne daga Haifeng da Lufeng, Guangdong, kuma yana kewaye da Hsinchu . Hakanan ana lissafin Hakka na Taiwan bisa hukuma a matsayin ɗayan harsunan ƙasar Taiwan. Baya ga manyan yarukan biyar (5), akwai yaren Xihai na arewa da yaren Yongding, Fengshun, Wuping, Wuhua, da Jiexi da ake rarrabawa.

Rarraba yanki

Garuruwa/birane da gundumomi a Taiwan inda Hakka yare ne na yanki bisa ka'idar Hakka Basic Act

A cikin shekarar 2014, 'yan Taiwan miliyan 4.2 ne suka bayyana kansu a matsayin Hakka, wanda ke da kashi 18% na yawan jama'a. Majalisar harkokin Hakka ta ware gundumomi 70 da gundumomi a faɗin Taiwan inda Hakka ke da fiye da kashi uku na yawan jama'a, ciki har da 18 a gundumar Miaoli, 11 a gundumar Hsinchu, da kuma wani 8 a yankunan Pingtung, Hualien, da Taoyuan kowace..

Matsayi

Tare da gabatar da dokar yaƙi a cikin 1949, gwamnatin KMT ta danne Hakka, tare da Hokkien na Taiwan da sauran yarukan ƴan asali don goyon bayan Mandarin. A cikin 1988, al'ummar Hakka sun kafa kungiyar Restore My Mother Language Movement don ba da shawara ga 'yancin amfani da kiyaye harshen Hakka. An sassauta ƙuntatawa harshe bayan 1987 tare da ɗage dokar soja da kuma sauye-sauyen dimokuradiyya. A cikin 2012, an kafa Majalisar Harkokin Hakka ta matakin ma'aikatar don dakile raguwar harshe a Taiwan. A watan Disamba na 2017, Yuan na majalisar dokoki ta ayyana Hakka a matsayin harshen hukuma na Taiwan.

Ilimin zamantakewa

Yayin da Hakka ke da matsayi a hukumance a Taiwan, ya ga ci gaba da raguwa saboda canjin harshe zuwa mafi rinjayen Mandarin na Taiwan da Hokkien na Taiwan . Yawan masu magana da Hakka a Taiwan ya ragu da 1.1% a kowace shekara, musamman a tsakanin matasa. A cikin shekarar 2016, kawai 22.8% na Hakkas masu nuna kansu masu shekaru 19 zuwa 29 sun yi magana da yaren. A yau, Hakka ta Taiwan ana son amfani da ita a cikin iyalai da kuma cikin al'ummomin gida, wanda ya rage watsa shirye-shiryen tsakanin tsararraki. Kimanin Hakkas miliyan 2 yanzu sun bayyana kansu a matsayin Hoklo . Bugu da ƙari, ɗimbin yarukan Hakka da ake amfani da su a ko'ina cikin Taiwan sun hana dai-daita Hakka don koyarwa.

Duba kuma

• Tsarin Romanization na Hakka na Taiwan
• Harsunan Taiwan

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