Te Kawerau ā Maki
 Te Kawerau ā Maki | |
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iwi (en)  |
Te Kawerau ā Maki, [1] [2] [3] Te Kawerau a Maki, or Te Kawerau-a-Maki [4] Māori iwi (bibi) ne na yankin Auckland na New Zealand . Mafi rinjaye a Yammacin Auckland (Hikurangi kuma aka sani da Waitākere), yana da membobin manya 251 da suka yi rajista tun daga Yunin shekarar 2017. Iwi yana riƙe da ƙasa don sabon marae da papakāinga a Te Henga ( Tekun Bethells ) wanda aka dawo a cikin 2018; da ƙasa don marae na sakandare a Te Onekiritea (Hobsonville Point) wanda aka dawo a cikin 2015. [1] ba shi da whinui (gidan taro) tukuna. [5]
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Te Kawerau ā Maki su ne zuriyar rangatira (shugaban) Maki da matarsa Rotu, waɗanda suka yi ƙaura tare da danginsu da mabiyan su daga Kawhia zuwa Tāmaki Makaurau (Auckland) a farkon 1600s.[6] Te Kawerau sun gano kakanninsu daga wasu jiragen ruwa na ƙaura na Māori, musamman Tainui, [6] amma kuma Aotea, Tokomaru, Moekakara, Kahuitara da Kurahaupō. [7] Kakannin Tainui ciki har da Hoturoa da tohunga Rakataura (Hape) suna da mahimmanci a Te Kawerau whakapapa, kamar yadda kakannin turehu na dā da tohunga Tiriwa. Maki da mutanensa suna da alaƙa da kungiyoyi da yawa waɗanda suka mamaye yankin Auckland tun daga ƙarni na sha huɗu, gami da Tainui hapū (ƙabilu) da aka sani da Ngā Oho. Maki tana da alaƙa musamman da ƙungiyar Ngāiwi, waɗanda ke zaune a fadin Isthmus na Auckland da kudu daga Dutsen Māngere zuwa Manurewa . Maki da farko ya zauna a cikin danginsa a Manurewa (Te Manurewa ko Tamapahore) da Rarotonga / Mount Smart . [6]
Maki ta zauna na ɗan lokaci kusa da Waimauku a gayyatar wani shugaban gundumar. Yayinda yake can an zagi Maki a wani abin da ya faru da ake kira Te Kawe Rau a Maki, ma'ana "kashin ɗauke da Maki". A mayar da martani shi da mayaƙansa sun yi yaƙe-yaƙe da yawa da hapū na yankin, sun ci su kuma sun mallaki babban ɓangare na kudancin Kaipara. Maki da Rotu suna da ɗa a kudu maso yammacin Kaipara wanda ake kira Tawhiakiterangi, kuma an san shi da Te Kawerau ā Maki, wanda aka sanya wa kabilar suna.[6] Tawhiakiterangi daga baya zai auri Marukiterangi, 'yar Kahu, kuma jikokin Maeaeariki babban ɗan Maki. An haife ta ne kusa da Te Oneroa o Kahu (Long Bay). Mutanen ta sune Te Kawerau hapū Ngāti Kahu wanda Arewacin Yankin ya sami sunansa - Te Whenua Roa o Kahu ("ƙasar Kahu mai faɗi").
Roha ko yankin da suke da sha'awar al'ada ya karu ya haɗa da kudancin Kaipara, Mahurangi, North Shore, Auckland Isthmus, da tsibirin Hauraki Gulf kamar Tiritiri Matangi . A ƙarshen 1600s Te Kawerau ā Maki suna da alaƙa da Yammacin Auckland (wanda aka sani da Hikurangi), kudu maso yammacin Kaipara da Upper Waitematā Harbour . [6] A farkon shekarun 1700 babban shugaban Te Kawerau ā Maki shine Te Au o Te Whenua ("yanzu na ƙasar") wanda ya kasance babban mai ba da abinci ga mutanensa kuma an ba shi sunansa bayan tsarin zaman lafiya tare da makwabcin Te Taou. Matarsa ita ce Rangihina na Te Kawerau hapū Ngāti Poataniwha wanda ke da ƙasashen Upper Waitematā Harbour . Tsawon Waitākere da gandun daji da suka taɓa rufe yawancin Hikurangi an san su da sunan gargajiya Te Wao nui ā Tiriwa - babban gandun daji na Tiriwa. Tsaunuka mafi arewacin Waitākere Ranges a gabashin Muriwai a kusa da Taupaki sun zama sanannun Ngā Rau Pou a Maki, ko kuma yawancin sakonni na Maki, wanda kuma ya zama sunan hadin gwiwa ga Waitākere Range gaba ɗaya.[8]
Turawa da suka isa a ƙarshen shekarar 1700s da farkon shekarar 1800s sun kawo cututtukan annoba waɗanda suka raunana Te Kawerau ā Maki da sauran kabilun da ke zaune a wannan yanki a lokacin. Daga shekarar 1821 Musket Wars ya kai Auckland ta hanyar hare-haren da kabilar Ngāpuhi, karkashin jagorancin Hongi Hika. A cikin 1825 Te Kawerau ā Maki ya sha wahala sosai a hannun Ngāpuhi kuma su da sauran kabilun Auckland sun tafi gudun hijira a Waikato. Te Kawerau ā Maki ya kasance a can har zuwa shekarar 1835, lokacin da suka koma yankin Waitākere, kuma daga baya kudancin Kaipara, a ƙarƙashin kariya na shugaban Waikato Te Wherowhero . [6]
Farko amma saurin hasashen mulkin mallaka daga shekarun 1830 zuwa gaba ya haifar da Te Kawerau ā Maki ya rasa fiye da 90% na asalin ƙasar ta 1853 - a cikin shekaru 13 na sanya hannu kan Te Tiriti ko Waitangi . [1] An ci gaba da ajiyar 'yan asalin ƙasar a wasu wurare masu nisa - Piha, Waitākere (Te Henga), Kōprionui (kudancin Woodhill), Muriwai, Paremoremo, da kewayen Mahurangi - duk da haka na ƙarshe daga cikin waɗannan an tilasta su a shekarar 1953 a ƙarƙashin Dokar Ayyukan Jama'a wanda ya bar kabilar yadda ya kamata ba tare da ƙasa ba. Duk da yake mutanen Te Kawerau ā Maki suna ci gaba da zama a cikin yanki mafi girma, an watsar da marae na ƙarshe a Waiti (Bethells Beach) a kusa da 1920 biyo bayan gina madatsar ruwa ta Waitākere wanda ya canza ilimin ruwa na Kogin Waitākere tare da batutuwan da ke gudana da suka shafi rashin ikon tattalin arziƙi da zamantakewa na Māori.
Abubuwan da suka faru kwanan nan
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A watan Fabrairun shekarar 2014 an sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Sadarwa tsakanin Te Kawerau ā Maki da Crown biyo bayan shekaru na tattaunawa ƙarƙashin jagorancin Hariata Ewe da Te Warena Taua. A watan Satumbar 2015 an ba da Dokar Tarayya ta Te Kawerau ā Maki [2] a cikin doka. Wannan Ayyukan da Dokar da ta dace sun rubuta amincewa da neman gafara da Crown ta ba Te Kawerau ā Maki kuma suna ba da tasiri ga tanadin aikin sulhu wanda ya daidaita yarjejeniyar tarihi ta Waitangi da'awar Te Kaweraun ā Maki. Ginin ya haɗa da dawowar hekta 3275 na Forest Riverhead .
A ƙarshen shekarar 2017 Te Kawerau ā Maki ya ba da Rahu (hana haramtacciyar al'ada) a kan mutanen da ke shiga yankin gandun daji na Waitākere Ranges, don taimakawa rage yaduwar cutar kauri, tallafawa mauri (al'anar rayuwa) na gandun daji, da sayen lokaci don bincike da inganta kayan aikin nishaɗi da gudanarwa da za a aiwatar
Te Kawerau ā Maki sun kasance mai karɓar bakuncin hukuma a cikin 2018 don bikin shekara-shekara na Matariki na Majalisar Auckland. A matsayin wani ɓangare na wannan, a tsakanin sauran ayyukan, sun shirya bikin bikin na alfijir a Cibiyar Baƙi ta Arataki, nuni da haske a kan Auckland Harbour Bridge, da kuma nune-nunen tarihin su a Te Uru Waitakere Contemporary Gallery.
Dubi kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Jerin Māori iwi
- Ōtuataua da Ihumātao
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Te Kawerau ā Maki Deed of Settlement Summary 22 Feb 2014". New Zealand Government. 22 February 2014. Retrieved 27 July 2019. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Te Kawerau ā Maki Claims Settlement Act 2015: Reprint as at 1 September 2017". New Zealand Legislation (in Turanci). Retrieved 27 July 2019. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Settlement_Act" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ "The hapū and iwi of Tāmaki Makaurau". Auckland Council. Retrieved 27 July 2019.
- ↑ Taonui, Rāwiri (22 September 2012). "Tāmaki tribes - The tribes of Tāmaki". Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Te Kawerau-a-Maki. Retrieved 7 December 2013.
- ↑ "Te Kawerau a Maki: Hapū and marae". Te Kāhui Māngai. Te Puni Kōkiri. Retrieved 27 July 2019.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 "Deed of Settlement of Historical Claims: Te Kawerau ā Maki and the Trustees of Te Kawerau Settlement Trust and the Crown" (PDF). New Zealand Government. 22 February 2014. pp. 3–4. Retrieved 27 July 2019. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Deed_3-4" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ "Cultural Impact Assessment for Warkworth North Structure Plan" (PDF). aucklandcouncil.govt.nz. Auckland Council.
- ↑ "About West Auckland's Indigenous Iwi | Te Kawerau ā Maki". tekawerau.iwi.nz/ (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-09-28.
Ƙarin karantawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Takaitaccen Tarihi, Te Kawerau Iwi Tribal Authority
Haɗin waje
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Te Kawerau a Maki, Te Kaweraun Iwi Ƙabilar Hukuma