Ƴancin motsin ɗan Adam
| Iri | harkar zamantakewa |
|---|---|
Ƙungiyar haƙƙin ɗan adam da kuma kawar da wariya da cin zarafi ga mutanen transgender game da gidaje, aikin yi, wuraren kwana, ilimi, da kiwon lafiya. Babban burin gwagwarmayar transgender shine don ba da damar canje-canje ga takaddun shaida don dacewa da kuma ainihin jinsin mutum a halin yanzu ba tare da buƙatar tiyata mai tabbatar da jinsi ko kowane buƙatun likita ba, wanda aka sani da gano kansa na jinsi .[1][2][3] Yana daga cikin manyan ƙungiyoyin haƙƙin LGBT .
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Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Gano iyakokin motsin motsi ya kasance batun wasu muhawara. A al'ada, shaidar da aka tsara ta hanyar siyasa ta fito a cikin 1952, lokacin da Virginia Prince, wata mace ta trans, tare da wasu, suka kaddamar da Transvestia: Jaridar Ƙungiyar Amirka don Daidaitawa a Dress . Wasu suna ɗaukar wannan ɗaba'ar a matsayin farkon ƙungiyoyin 'yancin ɗan adam a Amurka, duk da haka zai kasance shekaru da yawa kafin kalmar "transgender", kanta, ta fara amfani da ita.[4]
A cikin shekaru kafin tarzomar Stonewall, wasu ayyuka na 'yancin LGBT sun faru .
Tun farko, amma ba a san kowa ba, mataki shine Rikicin Cooper Do-nuts na 1959 wanda ya faru a cikin Downtown Los Angeles,[5] lokacin da aka ja sarauniya, 'yan madigo, maza masu luwaɗi, da mutanen transgender waɗanda suka rataye a Cooper Do-nuts da wadanda LAPD ke yawan tursasa su sun gwabza yaki bayan da ‘yan sanda suka kama mutane uku ciki har da John Rechy . Abokan ciniki sun fara jifan ’yan sanda tare da donuts da kofunan kofi. LAPD ta yi kira da a ba da tallafi kuma ta kama wasu masu tayar da hankali. Rechy da sauran mutanen biyu na asali sun sami damar tserewa.
A watan Agustan 1966 tarzomar da aka yi a Kafeteria ta Compton ta faru a gundumar Tenderloin na San Francisco . Wannan lamarin ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin tarzomar farko da ta shafi LGBT a tarihin Amurka. A cikin wani lamari mai kama da na Cooper, masu ja da mata, karuwai, da kuma mutanen trans sun yi yaki da cin zarafin 'yan sanda. Lokacin da wata mata mai canza jinsi ta yi tsayayya da kamawa ta hanyar jefa kofi ga jami'in 'yan sanda, sarakunan mata sun zubo a kan tituna, suna fada da manyan sheqa da manyan jakunkuna. [6] Washegari da daddare, ƴan gudun hijira na yau da kullun sun haɗu da ƴan barawon titi, Tenderloin Titin, da sauran membobin al'ummar LGBT a matsayinsu na adawa da tashin hankalin 'yan sanda. [7] Ya nuna farkon gwagwarmayar trans a San Francisco. [8]
A cikin 1969, shekarar tarzomar Stonewall, kalmar transgender ba a fara amfani da ita ba tukuna. Amma jinsi marasa jituwa mutane kamar ja sarki Stormé DeLarverie, da kuma wanda aka sani da "Sarauniyar titi" Marsha P. Johnson sun kasance a cikin masu gadin tarzoma, tare da DeLarverie da aka yi imani da cewa shi ne mutumin da gwagwarmayar da 'yan sanda ya zama tartsatsi wanda ya sanya taron jama'a. don fada da baya. [9] Shaidu ga tashin kuma sanya farkon trans masu fafutuka da membobin Gay Liberation Front, Zazu Nova da Jackie Hormona tare da Johnson, a matsayin mayaƙan "a cikin gandun daji" na turawa 'yan sanda a cikin dare da yawa na tawaye.
Marsha P. Johnson daga baya ya ci gaba da samun haɗin gwiwar Masu Ra'ayin Juyin Juyin Juya Hali na Titin (STAR) tare da wata kawarta, Sylvia Rivera . Ma'anar farko na Rivera a kusa da trans sun kasance masu faɗi sosai, gami da duk mutanen da ba su yarda da jinsi ba. Rivera ya ci gaba da zama mai ba da shawara ga haƙƙin trans, da haɗa kariya ga mutanen trans a cikin duk dokokin haƙƙin LGBT, har zuwa mutuwarta a 2002.
A cikin 1980s mace zuwa namiji ( FTM ) transsexuality ya zama sananne sosai.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Zimman, Lal (1 March 2019). "Trans self-identification and the language of neoliberal selfhood: Agency, power, and the limits of monologic discourse". International Journal of the Sociology of Language (in Turanci). 2019 (256): 147–175. doi:10.1515/ijsl-2018-2016. ISSN 1613-3668. S2CID 150715919. Retrieved 11 October 2021.
For trans people, a key principle of activism is gender self-determination, which treats each individual as the ultimate authority on their own gender identity....Self-identification is a lynchpin of transgender identity politics in the United States and, increasingly, throughout the globalizing world.
- ↑ "Explained: Countries that allow gender self-identification, and the law in India". The Indian Express (in Turanci). 1 July 2021. Retrieved 11 October 2021.
Self-identification, or ‘self-id’, is the concept that a person should be allowed to legally identify with the gender of their choice by simply declaring so, and without facing any medical tests. This has been a long held demand of trans-right groups around the world
- ↑ Carreño, Belén; Allen, Nathan (29 June 2021). "Spain moves step closer to gender self-identification". Reuters (in Turanci). Retrieved 11 October 2021.
- ↑ "Social sciences: Transgender Activism". Encyclopedia of Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender, & Queer Culture. Archived from the original on 2012-05-25. Retrieved 2022-12-27.
- ↑ Gilliland, AJ; Caswell, M (2016). "Records and Their Imaginaries: Imagining the Impossible, Making Possible the Imagined". Archival Science. 16: 12–13. doi:10.1007/s10502-015-9259-z. S2CID 147077944 – via eScholarship.
- ↑ Stryker, Susan. Transgender History. First Printing edition. Berkeley, CA: Seal Press, 2008.
- ↑ Screaming Queens: The Riot at Compton's Cafeteria (documentary film by Victor Silverman and Susan Stryker, 2005)
- ↑ Boyd, Nan Alamilla (2004). "San Francisco" in the Encyclopedia of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgendered History in America, Ed. Marc Stein. Vol. 3. Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 71–78.
- ↑ Yardley, William (May 29, 2014) "Storme DeLarverie, Early Leader in the Gay Rights Movement, Dies at 93" in The New York Times.