Bikin Apoo
| Iri | biki |
|---|---|
| Wuri | Yankin Brong-Ahafo, Techiman Municipal Assembly |
| Ƙasa | Ghana |
| Nahiya | Afirka |
Bikin Apoo biki ne da ake yi duk shekara a yammacin Ghana (musamman garuruwan Techiman da Wenchi), ana yin mako guda a watan Maris da Afrilu.[1] Bikin na da nufin tsarkake mutane daga munanan dabi'u, tare da hada kan jama'a da iyalai, wanda ya hada da sauran al'adun gargajiya iri-iri. Kalmar 'apoo' ta fito ne daga tushen kalmar 'po', ma'ana 'ƙi.'[2]
Bikin yana da alaƙa sosai da mutanen Bono. Ba wai kawai an gudanar da shi ne a Techiman, daya daga cikin muhimman biranen da al'ummar Bono da masarautu suke ba, ana musayar zagi, karin magana, maxim, wake-wake, da kuma tarihin masarautar Bono a lokacin jerin gwano na Apoo; da yawa daga cikin wadannan zagi, karin magana, da wakoki ana yin su ne ga Ashanti, wadanda suka ci daular Bono.[3]
Tarihi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Al’adar baka ta nuna cewa an fara bikin ne a zamanin mulkin Nana Kwakye Ameyaw; ya kasance shugaba mai mulki, kuma mutanen Techniman daga baya sun kasa bayyana ra'ayoyinsu cikin 'yanci. Tun da yake ba za su iya hukunta hukuma ba, sai suka tuntubi gumaka na gida. Sannan An kuma bukaci su ware wasu daga cikin kwanakin su domin su fito su bayyana ra’ayoyinsu musamman ga hukuma. A cikin wannan lokacin, an yarda cewa ba za a iya ɗaukar alhakin abin da ya faɗa ko da kuwa matsayinsa ba. Mutanen za su ce “Mereko po me haw”, wanda a zahiri yana nufin “Zan faɗi abin da ke cikin ƙirjina,” kuma haka bikin “Apoo” ya kasance.[4]
Hadisai[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
An yi imani da cewa ta hanyar isar koke-koke da bacin rai, ana tsarkake mutane da rayukan su a al'ada daga mugunta. A shirye-shiryen bikin Apoo da wannan tsarkakewa, mata za su tsaftace gidaje, kayan aiki, da hanyoyi don guje wa irin wannan mugunyar dawowa. Har ila yau, firistoci a yankin za su yi faretin tituna kafin bikin don lalata laya masu lalata da mugayen ruhohi ke ɓoye; Ana kiran wannan tsari 'Nnusin-tuo.'[5]
Wani muhimmin al'adar farko ita ce 'Hyereko', a zahiri ma'anar 'tarin farin yumbu.' Mata suna tattara farin yumbu daga kogin Aponkosu kuma ana amfani da su don yin ado da wuraren ibada kafin a fara bikin Apoo. Firistoci da firistoci kuma za su yi amfani da yumbu a jikinsu lokacin da ake samun su ta/sadarwa tare da ruhohi.[2]
Ana buga ganguna domin fadakar da mutane yadda aka fara bikin. Babban hakimin gari, da dattawan kauye, manyan sakandire, da kotu ne ke jagorantar muzaharar Apoo.[3] A yayin muzaharar 'Apoo', ana ta yada korafe-korafe tare da yin kalaman batanci ga wasu mutane. Hatta shugaba ba a kebe daga wannan wulakanci.[1] Ana ƙarfafa mutane su sasanta rikicin dangi a wannan lokacin, kuma lokaci ne na sulhu.
A farkon bikin, jerin gwano ya tafi kabarin Bonohene na karshe, shugaban gargajiya na mutanen Bono. Babban Hakimai da dattawan ƙauye sun taru a kusa da kabari yayin da shugaban ya ba da tumaki da kuma shayarwa. Sauran muzaharar na nan a waje har sai an kammala shagulgulan. 'Banmuhene', mai kula da Kabari na Sarauta, yana shirya kusoshi na dawa mai mai, wanda aka daɗe, da kayan yaji ana kiransa 'eto'; wannan tasa sai a miƙa wa ruhohin kakanni. Shuwagabannin Sakandare suna kara zubawa a kan stools din da ke kan kabari yayin da banmuhene ke rokon ruhin kakanni don wadata da zaman lafiya. Sai a yanka tunkiya kuma a zubar da jinin a cikin kwano. Ana ajiye cikin tumakin a kabari, bayi kuma suna shirya da dafa sauran tumakin ga dattawa. Mutanen garin a waje kuma ana ba da su eto. Sauran sarakunan kuma sun ci gaba da zuba liyafar, suna gode wa ruhohin kakanni, suna kuma sanyawa suna daya bayan daya; suna neman a ci gaba da neman albarka tare da tsinewa masu yi musu fatan rashin lafiya. Bayan haka, firistoci da limamai za su yi ganga da rawa a cikin makabarta yayin da taron ke rera waƙa.[6]
Ana cika kwanaki masu zuwa da bukukuwa tun daga faɗuwar rana har zuwa wayewar gari. Iyalai kuma za su ciyar da bikin Apoo don karbar bakuncin danginsu da baƙi, suna ciyar da abinci da nishaɗi ga baƙi.[5]
Rawa wani muhimmin bangare ne na bikin Apoo. Firistoci da limamai za su yi ado cikin siket ɗin raffia da ake kira 'doso', an yi musu ado da ƙwalƙwalwa da laya, kuma an yi wa jikinsu fenti da farar yumbu da aka tattara a baya. Kafin rawa, firistoci da firistoci za su yi roƙo don korar mugayen ruhohi.[7] Wasu suna rawa rike da takuba a hannayensu, wasu kuma suna yin al'ada ta hanyar sadarwa da ruhohi yayin da suke rawa.[8]
A ranar Juma'a mai girma, tsofaffin mata za su tashi da safe, su yi birgima a kan tituna yayin da suke girgiza raye-raye da rera waƙoƙin gargajiya na Apoo; Ana yi wa wannan waƙa lakabi da 'akokobonee' ko 'zara-kara.' A wannan rana, jama'a daga dukkan garuruwan da ke kusa za su zo garin don halartar bukukuwan. Maza da mata suna yin ado da kowane irin tufa, tare da nuna sha'awar bikin saboda kyawawan kayayyaki da ba a saba gani ba. Ana kuma shafa wa ‘yan muzaharar da gawayi da farar yumbu da jan yumbu. Ana buga ganguna, gong, da raye-raye a yayin muzaharar.[9]
Bayan an zagaya ko'ina cikin garin, 'yan kallo a ƙarshe sun taru a gaban 'ahenfie', ko fada. Shugaban kasa zai hau kujerarsa, sai kuma manyan sakandire, da sauran kotuna da hadiman sa. Bayan sun zagaya, ana yin musabaha tare da shayar da kowa. Babban Babban Jami'in zai ba da jawabi game da mahimmancin bikin Apoo kuma yana godiya ga ruhohin kakanni.[10]
A ƙarshen bikin, Babban Firist ya jagoranci jerin gwanon zuwa ahenfie kuma ya ba da jawabi a ƙa'ida don kammala bikin. Daga nan sai a kai muzaharar zuwa bakin kogi, inda firistoci da dattawa za su gudanar da ayyukan ibada. Ana hada ruwan kogin da farin yumbu da ganyen adwera, kuma ana yayyafa wannan ruwan a wuraren ibada da kuma mutane masu amfani da ganyen somme. Wuraren sun koma gunkinsu na alfarma, mutanen kuma suka koma garin suna rera waƙoƙin Apoo.[11]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Brong Ahafo Region". touringghana.com (in Turanci). 2016-02-24. Retrieved 2021-04-28.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Apoo Festival". Archived from the original on February 6, 2021.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Asihene, E. V. (1980). Apoo Festival. Private Post Bag, Tema, Ghana: Ghana Publishing Corporation. p. 18. ISBN 9964 1 0233 X.
- ↑ Stories, Samuel Duodu's (2009-04-30). "SAMUEL DUODU'S STORIES: TECHIMAN TO CELEBRATE 'APOO' IN STYLE (GRAPHIC NSEMPA, PAGE 15)". SAMUEL DUODU'S STORIES. Retrieved 2021-04-28.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Asihene, E. V. (1980). Apoo Festival. Private Post Bag, Tema, Ghana: Ghana Publishing Corporation. p. 16. ISBN 9964 1 0233 X.
- ↑ Asihene, E. V. (1980). Apoo Festival. Private Post Bag, Tema, Ghana: Ghana Publishing Corporation. pp. 20–23. ISBN 9964 1 0233 X.
- ↑ Asihene, E. V. (1980). Apoo Festival. Private Post Bag, Tema, Ghana: Ghana Publishing Corporation. p. 38. ISBN 9964 1 0233 X.
- ↑ Asihene, E. V. (1980). Apoo Festival. Private Post Bag, Tema, Ghana: Ghana Publishing Corporation. p. 46. ISBN 9964 1 0233 X.
- ↑ Asihene, E. V. (1980). Apoo Festival. Private Post Bag, Tema, Ghana: Ghana Publishing Corporation. pp. 39–40. ISBN 9964 1 0233 X.
- ↑ Han, Wendy (1980). Apoo Festival. Private Post Bag, Tema, Ghana: Ghana Publishing Corporation. pp. 43–46. ISBN 9964 1 0233 X.
- ↑ Asihene, E. V. (1980). Apoo Festival. Private Post Bag, Tema, Ghana: Ghana Publishing Corporation. pp. 50–53. ISBN 9964 1 0233 X.