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Ghana

Gyara hanyoyin mahaɗar
Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
kugin ganah
Tutar Ghana.
Tambarin Ghana
kasar Ghana
wani yanki a kasar Ghana
electral commission Ghana
Nana Akufo-Addo shugaba mai ci a ksar Ghana
bakin ruwa a Ghana

Ghana ko kuma Gana ko Jamhuriyar Ghana (da Turanci: Republic of Ghana), ƙasa ce da ke a nahiyar Afirka.[1][2][3] Ghana tana da yawan fili kimanin kilomita murabba'i (238,540).[4][5][6] Ghana tana da yawan jama'a kimanin (27,043,093) bisa ga jimillar kidaya ta shekara ta dubu biyu da goma Sha hudu (2014).[7][8][9] Ghana tana da iyaka da Côte d'Ivoire, Togo kuma da Burkina Faso. Babban birnin Ghana, Accra ne.[10][11][12] Ghana ta kasance kasa mai bunkasa ta fannin ilimi da tattalin arziki acikin gaba daya fadin Afirka.[13][14][15]

Nana Akufo-Addo ne Shugaban ƙasar tare da mataimakin sa Mahamudu Bawumia, daga shekara ta (2017)[16][17][18]

Fayil:Ghana (orthographic projection)svg
Manuniyar Ghana
kasuwa a ghana

Shekarar Samun ƴancin kai

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ghana ta samu yancin kanta a shekara ta alif ɗari tara da hamsin da bakwai(1957)A.C, daga ƙasar Birtaniya.[19][20][21]

Kimiyya da fasaha

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ghana ta ƙaddamar da hanyar sadarwa ta wayar salula a shekarar 1992. Daga baya aka haɗa ta da Intanet kuma ta gabatar da sabis na watsa shirye-shiryen ADSL.[22][23][24]

Ghana ta kasance matsayi na 99 a cikin Ƙididdigar Innovation ta Duniya a cikin 2024.[25][26][27]

Cibiyar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Ghana (GSSTC) da Hukumar Kula da Sararin Samaniya ta Ghana (GhsA) suna kula da shirye-shiryen binciken sararin samaniya da sararin samaniya.[28][29][30] GSSTC da GhsA sun yi aiki don a harba tauraron dan adam mai lura da tsaron ƙasa zuwa sararin samaniya a cikin 2015.[31][32][33] Kudin binciken sararin samaniyar Ghana na shekara-shekara ya kasance kashi 1% na GDP, don tallafawa bincike kan kimiyya da fasaha.[34][35][36] A cikin 2012, an zaɓi Ghana ta zama shugaban Hukumar Kimiyya da Fasaha don Ci Gaban Dorewa a Kudancin (Comsats); Ghana na da hadin gwiwa wajen binciken sararin samaniya tare da Hukumar Kula da Sararin Samaniya ta Afirka ta Kudu.[37][38][39]

Yawon shakatawa

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A cikin 2011, masu yawon bude ido da suka ziyarci Ghana sun kai 1,087,000,[40][41][42] tare da masu shigowa ciki har da Amurkawa ta Kudu, Asiyawa, Turawa, da Arewacin Amurka.[43][44][45] Daga cikin abubuwan jan hankali da wuraren shakatawa akwai magudanan ruwa kamar magudanan ruwa na Kintampo da mafi girma a yammacin Afirka, magudanan ruwa na Wli,[46][47][48] rairayin bakin teku masu cike da dabino, kogo, tsaunuka, koguna, da tafki da tafkuna irin su Lake Bosumtwi da tafki mafi girma da ɗan adam ya yi a duniya ta wurin sararin samaniya, tafkin Volta,[49] wuraren adana dabino da yawa,[50][51][52] wurare masu yawa na duniya. wuraren shakatawa.[164] Sanannen katanga sune Castle na Cape Coast da Castle na Elmina.[53][54][55][56] Gine-gine suna nuna inda aka zubar da jini a cikin cinikin bayi da kuma adanawa da inganta al'adun Afirka da aka sace da kuma lalata su ta hanyar cinikin bayi.[57][58][59] Yarjejeniyar Tarihi ta Duniya ta UNESCO ta sanya wa manyan gine-ginen Ghana da garu a matsayin abubuwan tarihi na duniya,[60][61][62] bisa ma'auni: "Tsarin gine-gine da garu na Ghana sun tsara tarihin Ghana ba kawai ba amma na duniya fiye da shekaru hudu a matsayin abin da aka fi mayar da hankali na farko da cinikin zinari sannan kuma cinikin bayi. Suna da muhimmiyar alama kuma mai motsa rai na gamuwar Turai da Afirka da kuma farkon haduwar Afirka 6."[63][64][65]

Kididdigar dandalin tattalin arzikin duniya a shekarar 2010 ta nuna cewa, daga cikin wuraren da aka fi son yawon bude ido a duniya, Ghana ta kasance ta 108 a cikin kasashe 139.[66][67][68] Kasar ta koma matsayi biyu daga matsayi na 2009. A shekarar 2011, Mujallar Forbes ta wallafa cewa Ghana ce ta 11 a jerin kasashen da suka fi sada zumunci a duniya. Tabbacin ya dogara ne akan wani bincike da aka yi a shekarar 2010 na ɓangaren matafiya. A cikin dukkan kasashen Afirka da aka sanya a cikin binciken, Ghana ce ta kasance mafi girma.[69][70][71] Yawon shakatawa shi ne na hudu mafi samun kudin waje ga kasar.[72][73][74] A cikin 2024, Ghana ta kasance ƙasa ta 55 mafi aminci a duniya.[75][76][77]

Sama da ƙasa bakin tekun, ƴan gida da na ƙasashen waje an gano wuraren hawan igiyar ruwa da kuma noma su. Masu hawan igiyar ruwa sun yi tafiye-tafiye zuwa kasar don yin samfurin igiyar ruwa.[78][79][80] Masu hawan igiyar ruwa suna ɗaukar allunansu a cikin jiragen ruwan kamun kifi na gargajiya.[81][82][83]

A cewar Destination Pride[84][85][86] — wani dandali ne na bincike da aka yi amfani da shi don ganin dokokin LGBTQ+ na duniya, haƙƙoƙi da ra'ayin jama'a - Makin girman kai na Ghana shine 22 (cikin 100).[87][88]

Operation Cold Chop da kuma bayansa

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Daga bisani kuma an hambarar da gwamnatin Nkrumah a wani juyin mulki da sojojin Ghana suka yi wa lakabi da "Operation Cold Chop".[89][90][91] Wannan ya faru ne a lokacin da Nkrumah ke kasar waje tare da Zhou Enlai a Jamhuriyar Jama'ar kasar Sin,[92][93][94] a wani aiki da ya kai birnin Hanoi na kasar Vietnam, don taimakawa kawo karshen yakin Vietnam. An yi juyin mulkin ne a ranar 24 ga Fabrairun 1966,[95][96][97] karkashin jagorancin Kanar Emmanuel Kwasi Kotoka da Birgediya Akwasi Afrifa. An kafa Majalisar 'Yanci ta Kasa, karkashin jagorancin Laftanar Janar Joseph A. Ankrah.[98][99][100]

Jerin gwamnatocin soji da na farar hula, wadanda sau da yawa matsalolin tattalin arziki ke shafar su,[101][102][103] sun yi mulkin Ghana daga 1966, wanda ya ƙare tare da hawan jirgin Laftanar Jerry John Rawlings na Majalisar Tsaro ta Kasa a 1981.[104][105][106] Wadannan sauye-sauye sun haifar da dakatar da kundin tsarin mulki a shekarar 1981 da kuma haramta jam'iyyun siyasa.[107][108][109] Ba da daɗewa ba tattalin arziƙin ya ragu, don haka Rawlings ya yi shawarwari kan tsarin daidaitawa, canza tsoffin manufofin tattalin arziki, da haɓakar da aka samu a tsakiyar shekarun 1980.[110][111][112] An fitar da sabon kundin tsarin mulki mai mayar da siyasar tsarin jam’iyyu da yawa a zaben shugaban kasa na 1992, inda aka zabi Rawlings, da kuma a babban zaben 1996.[113][114][115]

A yakin kabilanci da aka yi a Arewacin Ghana a shekarar 1994, tsakanin Konkomba da wasu kabilu da suka hada da Nanumba, Dagomba da Gonja, an kashe mutane 1,000 zuwa 2,000 tare da raba mutane 150,000.[116][117][118]

Bayan zaben gama gari na shekara ta 2000, John Kufuor na New Patriotic Party ya zama shugaban kasar Ghana a ranar 7 ga Janairun 2001 kuma aka sake zabe shi a shekara ta 2004,[119][120][121] ta haka ne kuma ya yi wa'adi biyu (kayyade wa'adin) a matsayin shugaban kasar Ghana da kuma alama a karo na farko a karkashin jamhuriya ta hudu cewa an mika mulki daga wani zababben shugaban kasa da shugaban gwamnati zuwa wancan.[122][123][124]

Nana Akufo-Addo,[125][126] dan takarar jam’iyya mai mulki, ya sha kaye a zaben gama-gari na 2008 da John Atta Mills na National Democratic Congress ya yi.[127][128][129] Mills ya mutu ne saboda dalilai na halitta kuma mataimakin shugaban kasa John Mahama ya gaje shi a ranar 24 ga Yuli 2012.[130][131][132] Bayan babban zaɓe na 2012, Mahama ya zama shugaban ƙasa bisa ga damansa,[133][134][135] kuma an kwatanta Ghana a matsayin "tabbatacciyar dimokuradiyya".[136][137][138] Sakamakon babban zaben shekarar 2016,[60] Nana Akufo-Addo ya zama shugaban kasa a ranar 7 ga Janairu 2017.[139][140][141] An sake zabe shi ne bayan da aka gudanar da zaben fidda gwani a shekarar 2020.[142][143][144] Don magance sare dazuzzuka, a ranar 11 ga watan Yunin 2021 Ghana ta kaddamar da ranar Green Ghana,[145][146][147] da nufin dasa itatuwa miliyan biyar a kokarin da ake na kiyaye dazuzzukan kasar.[148][149][150]

Wasanni

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Wasanni a Ghana

Kungiyar wasannin Olympic na Ghana a gasar bude wasannin Olympics ta 2010 ta 2010[151][152][153]

Kwallon kafa na ƙungiyar babban wasan kwaikwayo ne na Spector a Ghana.[154][155] Ghana ta lashe Kofin Kasashen Afirka ta hudu, Gasar Cinta U-20 sau daya, kuma ta halarci gasar cin kofin duniya na FI-17 sau biyu.[156][157] Hukumar kula da kasa da kasa da kasa ta Tarihi da kididdiga suna zage Kotoko SC a matsayin kulob na Afirka na karni na 20.[158][159]


Ghana tana shirin a wasannin Commonwealth, a cikin kowane bugu tun 1954 (banda wasanni 1984). Kasar Ghana ta lashe lambobin yabo 57 a wasannin Commonwealth, da 15 zinare, tare da dukkan lambobin su suna shigowa a wasannin motsa jiki da dambe. Kasar ta kuma samar da dambe da yawa, ciki har da Azumah Nelson wani dan kwallon duniya uku,[160] Kuma Joshuwa Clotty.[161]

Kofar Black Star, Ghana

Yankunan Gwamnati

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Waɗannan sune yankunan Gwamnatin ƙasar Ghana da biranen su:[162][163][164]

Yankunan Ghana Area (km2) Babban Birnin Yanki
Yankin Ashanti 24,389 Kumasi style="text-align:center;" rowspan="10"
Yankin Brong-Ahafo 39,557 Sunyani
Yankin ta Tsakiya 9,826 Cape Coast
Yankin Gabashi 19,323 Koforidua
Yankin Greater Accra 3,245 Accra
Yankin Arewaci 70,384 Tamale
Yankin Upper East 8,842 Bolgatanga
Yankin Upper West 18,476 Wa
Yankin Volta 20,570 Ho
Yankin Yammaci 23,941 Sekondi-Takoradi
yankin ghana

Al'adu

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  • birnin Accra Ghana
    birnin Accra Ghana
  • Da yammaci a birnin Labadi, Ghana
    Da yammaci a birnin Labadi, Ghana
  • Masunta a bakin aiki, Ghana
    Masunta a bakin aiki, Ghana
  • Ghana
    Ghana
  • Birnin Accra
    Birnin Accra
  • Bakin Teku, Ghana
    Bakin Teku, Ghana
  • Black Star Gate
    Black Star Gate
  • Kogin Borla Ghana
    Kogin Borla Ghana
  • Gold Coast Regiment
    Gold Coast Regiment
  • Accra Osu
    Accra Osu
  • Yan rawar gargajiya a Ghana
    Yan rawar gargajiya a Ghana
  • Yan rawar Adowa
  • Shigabannin gargajiya da shigar al'ada ta mutanen kasar Ghana
    Shigabannin gargajiya da shigar al'ada ta mutanen kasar Ghana
  • Rawan Masquerades a garin Takoradi dake Ghana
    Rawan Masquerades a garin Takoradi dake Ghana

Manazarta

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  1. ↑ Ghana – 2010 Population and Housing Census" (PDF). Government of Ghana. 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 September 2013. Retrieved 1 June 2013.
  2. ↑ Language and Religion". Ghana Embassy. Archived from the original on 1 March 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2017. English is the official language of Ghana and is universally used in schools in addition to nine other local languages. The most widely spoken local languages are Dagbani, Ewe, Ga and Twi.
  3. ↑ 2021 PHC General Report Vol 3C, Background Characteristics" (PDF). Ghana Statistical Service. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 December 2021.
  4. ↑ Asante Kingdom". Afrika-Studiecentrum, Leiden. 15 June 2002. Archived from the original on 12 July 2014. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
  5. ↑ Danver, Steven L (10 March 2015). Native Peoples of the World: An Encyclopedia of Groups, Cultures and Contemporary Issues. Routledge. p. 25. ISBN 978-1-317-46400-6. Archived from the original on 4 April 2023. Retrieved 19 March 2023
  6. ↑ First For Sub-Saharan Africa". BBC. Archived from the original on 1 November 2011. Retrieved 29 February 2012
  7. ↑ Ghana: gini index 2014–2029". statista.com. Statista. Retrieved 19 May 2024.
  8. ↑ Human Development Report 2025" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 6 May 2025. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2025. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
  9. ↑ World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Ghana)". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. 10 October 2023. Archived from the original on 21 October 2023. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
  10. ↑ Video: A New Nation: Gold Coast becomes Ghana In Ceremony, 1957/03/07 (1957). Universal Newsreel. 1957. Archived from the original on 28 January 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2012.
  11. ↑ Exploring Africa – Decolonization". Exploring Africa – Michigan State University. Archived from the original on 2 June 2013. Retrieved 29 February 2012.
  12. ↑ Ghanaweb (13 March 2024). "Sankofa Series: A history of Ghana's 4 republics". GhanaWeb.
  13. ↑ Ateku, Abdul-Jalilu (7 March 2017). "Ghana is 60: An African success story with tough challenges ahead". The Conversation. Archived from the original on 29 June 2021. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
  14. ↑ 2020 Population Projection by Sex, 2010–2020". Ghana Statistical Service. Archived from the original on 24 April 2018. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  15. ↑ "Ghana". CIA World FactBook. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
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  17. ↑ #Ghana's Economy Expected to Recover Its Potential By 2025, says World Bank Report". World Bank. Archived from the original on 19 December 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
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  28. ↑ 2021 PHC General Report Vol 3C, Background Characteristics" (PDF). Ghana Statistical Service. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 December 2021. Retrieved 26 January 2022.
  29. ↑ The World's Muslims: Unity and Diversity (PDF) (Report). Pew Research Center, Forum on Religious & Public life. 9 August 2012. pp. 29–31. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 February 2021. Retrieved 21 November 2020.
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  36. ↑ Medical tourism is emerging market for Ghana". eturbonews.com. 5 August 2009. Archived from the original on 12 May 2014. Retrieved 10 May 2014
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  38. ↑ Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)". World Bank. Archived from the original on 2 September 2013. Retrieved 29 July 2013.
  39. ↑ Nyarota, Geoffrey; Against the Grain; pp. 101–102.
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  43. ↑ Newell, Stephanie (2002). Literary Culture in Colonial Ghana: 'how to Play the Game of Life'. Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-34096-2.
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  48. ↑ Priebe, Richard (1978). "Popular Writing in Ghana: A Sociology and Rhetoric". Research in African Literatures. 9 (3): 395–432. ISSN 0034-5210. JSTOR 3818333.
  49. ↑ World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal". climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org. Retrieved 12 July 2024
  50. ↑ Appiah, Kwame Anthony (1993). In my father's house : Africa in the philosophy of culture (1.paperbackedition 1993. ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-506852-8.
  51. ↑ Ghana". Amadeus (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 23 February 2015. Retrieved 1 August 2013.
  52. ↑ Appiah, Kwame Anthony (1993). In my father's house : Africa in the philosophy of culture (1.paperbackedition 1993. ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-506852-8.
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  75. ↑ Ghana: Flight Lieutenant Jerry John Rawlings (J.J Rawlings)". Africa Confidential. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 1 June 2013.
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  86. ↑ Planting of Five Million Tres on 11th June, 2021 the Green Ghana in the Bosomtwe Constituency | Bosomtwe District Assembly". www.bosomtwe.gov.gh. Archived from the original on 16 February 2022. Retrieved 16 February 2022
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