Boris Yeltsin

Boris Yeltsin An ga Fabrairu shekara ta 1931 - 23 ga Afrilu shekarar 2007) ɗan siyasan Soviet ne kuma ɗan siyasa na Rasha wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban Rasha daga shekarar 1991 zuwa shekarar 1999. Ya kasance memba na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Tarayyar Soviet daga shekarar 1961 zuwa shekarar 1990. Daga baya ya tsaya a matsayin mai zaman kansa na siyasa, a lokacin da aka kalli shi a matsayin mai bin akidar 'yanci.

An haifi Yeltsin a Butka, Ural Oblast . Zai girma a Kazan da Berezniki . Ya yi aiki a gine-gine bayan ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Fasaha ta Jihar Ural . Bayan ya shiga Jam'iyyar Kwaminis, ya tashi a cikin matsayi, kuma a shekarar 1976, ya zama Sakatare na farko na kwamitin Sverdlovsk Oblast na jam'iyyar. Yeltsin da farko ya kasance mai goyon bayan sake fasalin perestroika na shugaban Soviet Mikhail Gorbachev. Daga baya ya soki sauye-sauyen da suka yi kamar yadda suka yi matsakaici kuma ya yi kira ga sauyawa zuwa dimokuradiyya mai wakilci da yawa. A shekara ta 1987, shi ne mutum na farko da ya yi murabus daga Politburo na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Tarayyar Soviet, wanda ya kafa shahararsa a matsayin mai adawa da kafa. A shekara ta 1990, an zabe shi shugaban Majalisar Dattijai ta Rasha kuma a shekara ta 1991 an zabe shi a matsayin shugaban Jamhuriyar Socialist ta Tarayyar Soviet ta Rasha (RSFSR), ya zama shugaban kasa na farko da aka zaba a tarihin Rasha. Yeltsin ya haɗa kai da shugabannin da ba na Rasha ba kuma ya taimaka wajen rushe Tarayyar Soviet a watan Disamba na wannan shekarar. Tare da rushewar Tarayyar Soviet, RSFSR ta zama Tarayyar Rasha, ƙasa mai zaman kanta. Ta hanyar wannan canjin, Yeltsin ya ci gaba da zama shugaban kasa. Daga baya aka sake zabarsa a Zaben shekarar 1996, wanda masu sukar suka yi iƙirarin cin hanci da rashawa.

Rayuwa ta farko, ilimi da farkon aiki

1931-1948: ƙuruciya da ƙuruciya

An haifi Boris Yeltsin a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu 1931 a ƙauyen Butka, Gundumar Talitsky, Sverdlovsk Oblast, sannan a cikin Jamhuriyar Tarayyar Soviet ta Rasha, ɗaya daga cikin jamhuriyar Soviet. [1] Iyalinsa, wadanda suka kasance 'yan kabilar Rasha, sun zauna a wannan yanki na Urals tun aƙalla ƙarni na sha takwas. Mahaifinsa, Nikolai Yeltsin, ya auri mahaifiyarsa, Klavdiya Vasilyevna Starygina, a cikin 1928.[3] Yeltsin koyaushe ya kasance kusa da mahaifiyarsa fiye da mahaifinsa; wanda ya doke matarsa da 'ya'yansa a lokuta daban-daban.