Ciwon kai
| Ciwon kai | |
|---|---|
_RMG_PW3879.jpg) | |
Description (en)  | |
| Iri |
pain (en) clinical sign (en) |
| Field of study (en) |
neurology (en) |
| Sanadi |
encephalopathy (en) |
| Medical treatment (en) | |
| Magani |
meprobamate (en) , butalbital (en) , doxylamine (en) da sodium benzoate (en) |
| Identifier (en) | |
| ICD-10 | R51 |
| ICD-9 | 339 da 784.0 |
| DiseasesDB | 19825 |
| MedlinePlus | 003024 |
| eMedicine | 003024 |
| MeSH | D006261 |
| Tension-type headache (TTH) | |
|---|---|
| Other names: Tension headache, stress headache | |
 | |
| A woman experiencing a tension-type headache | |
 | |
| Specialty | Neurology |
| Differential diagnosis | Migraine |
ciwon kai na damuwa, ciwon kai na stress, ko ciwon kai irin ciwon kai (TTH), shine mafi yawan nau'in ciwon kai. Ciwo yawanci yana fitowa daga ƙananan baya na kai, wuyansa, idanu, ko wasu ƙungiyoyin tsoka a cikin jiki yawanci suna shafar bangarorin biyu na kai. Ciwon kai na nau'in tashin hankali yana da kusan kashi 90% na dukkan ciwon kai.
Magungunan zafi, irin su paracetamol da ibuprofen, suna da tasiri don maganin ciwon kai.[1][2] Tricyclic antidepressants sun bayyana suna da amfani don rigakafi.[3] Shaida ba ta da kyau ga SSRIs, propranolol da masu sanyaya tsoka. [4][5]
Binciken Global Burden of Disease na 2016 ya nuna cewa TTHs yana shafar kusan mutane biliyan 1.89 kuma ya fi yawa a cikin mata fiye da maza (30.8% zuwa 21.4% bi da bi). [6] TTH ya fi yawa tsakanin shekaru 35 zuwa 39. Duk da halin da yake da shi, ciwon kai na tashin hankali, musamman a cikin yanayin da ya dace, na iya ba da nakasa mai mahimmanci ga marasa lafiya da kuma nauyi ga al'umma gaba ɗaya. A cikin 2016, an bayar da rahoton cewa nauyin duniya na TTH ya kasance shekaru miliyan 7.2 na rayuwa tare da nakasa (YLDs). An lissafa YLD ta amfani da yaduwar TTH da matsakaicin lokacin da aka kashe tare da TTH da aka ninka ta hanyar asarar lafiya da TTH ya haifar (3.7%).
Alamomi da alamomi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Dangane da bugu na uku na Rarrabawar Kasa da Kasa na Ciwon Gashi, hare-haren dole ne su cika ka'idoji masu zuwa:
- Tsawon lokaci tsakanin minti 30 zuwa kwanaki 7.
- Akalla biyu daga cikin halaye huɗu masu zuwa: matsawa ko tsauraran wurare biyu (ba tare da bugun jini ba) inganci mai sauƙi ko matsakaici ba tare da kara tsanantawa ta hanyar motsa jiki na yau da kullun ba kamar tafiya ko hawa matakala
- Yanayi na biyu
- matsewa ko tsaurara (ba ta motsawa) inganci
- mai sauƙi ko matsakaici
- ba a kara tsanantawa ta hanyar motsa jiki na yau da kullun kamar tafiya ko hawa matakala
- Dukkanin wadannan: babu ƙishirwa ko amai ba fiye da ɗaya na photophobia (mai saurin haske) ko phonophobia
- babu ƙishirwa ko amai
- ba fiye da ɗaya daga cikin photophobia (mai hankali ga haske mai haske) ko phonophobia
Ciwon kai na irin tashin hankali na iya kasancewa tare da tausayi na gashin kai a kan matsin hannu yayin harin. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida][ana buƙatar hujja][<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">citation needed</span>]
Abubuwan haɗari
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Abubuwa daban-daban na haifar da ciwon kai a cikin mutane masu saukin kamuwa: [7]
- Damuwa
- Damuwa
- Matsalolin bacci
- Shekaru da ƙuruciya
- Rashin lafiya
Hanyar aiki
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kodayake tsokoki na kai da wuyansa da abubuwan da suka shafi tunanin mutum kamar damuwa na iya taka rawa a cikin ilimin lissafi na TTH gaba ɗaya, a halin yanzu ba a yi imanin cewa shi ne kawai dalilin ci gaban TTH ba. Tushen cututtukan TTH mai yiwuwa ya samo asali ne daga haɗuwa da abubuwan mutum, abubuwan muhalli, da canji na hanyoyin ciwo na gefe da na tsakiya.[8] Hanyoyin ciwo na waje suna karɓar siginar ciwo daga pericranial (a kusa da kai) myofascial tissue (kariya ga tsokoki) kuma canjin wannan hanyar mai yiwuwa ya haifar da ciwon kai na tashin hankali (ETTH). [8] Bugu da kari, tsananin tsokoki na pericranial, kumburi, da ischemic na tsoka an yi la'akari da su a cikin wallafe-wallafen ciwon kai don zama abubuwan da ke haifar da cututtukan cututtukani na TTH.[7] Koyaya, binciken da yawa sun kasa kwatanta shaidar rawar da ke tattare da shi na ischemia ko kumburi a cikin tsokoki.[7] Har ila yau, tausayi na pericranial ba zai iya haifar da TTH ba, amma a maimakon haka yana iya yin aiki don haifar da sake zagayowar ciwo mai tsanani. Wannan shine lokacin da amsawar ciwo ta kewaye ta canza a tsawon lokaci zuwa amsawar ciwon tsakiya.[7] Wadannan canje-canje masu tsawo a cikin hanyoyin ciwo na waje na iya haifar da karuwar tashin hankali na hanyoyin ciwo ta tsakiya, wanda ke haifar da sauyawa na ETTH zuwa ciwon kai na ciwo (CTTH). [8] Musamman, hyperexcitability yana faruwa a cikin neurons na tsakiya (nucleus na kashin baya, thalamus, da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa) wanda ke haifar da tsakiya na tsakiya, wanda ke bayyana a asibiti kamar allodynia da hyperalgesia na CTTH.[7][9] Bugu da ƙari, marasa lafiya na CTTH suna nuna raguwar ƙimar zafi da ciwo wanda ke kara ƙarfafa tallafi ga tsakiya mai mahimmanci da ke faruwa a cikin CTTH.[7]
Canje-canje a cikin ilimin lissafi wanda ke haifar da tsari na tsakiya na tsakiya, ya haɗa da canje-canje a matakin sassan jijiyoyi, Neurotransmitters da masu karɓa su, neural synapse, da membrane na bayan-synaptic. Shaida kuma ta nuna cewa rashin aiki a cikin hanyoyin ciwo na ciwo na supraspinal na iya ba da gudummawa ga cututtukan tsakiya a cikin CTTH.[7]
MANAZARTA
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Derry S, Wiffen PJ, Moore RA, Bendtsen L (July 2015). "Ibuprofen for acute treatment of episodic tension-type headache in adults". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2015 (7): CD011474. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011474.pub2. PMC 6457940. PMID 26230487.
- ↑ Loder E, Rizzoli P (January 2008). "Tension-type headache". BMJ. 336 (7635): 88–92. doi:10.1136/bmj.39412.705868.AD. PMC 2190284. PMID 18187725.
- ↑ Jackson JL, Shimeall W, Sessums L, Dezee KJ, Becher D, Diemer M, et al. (October 2010). "Tricyclic antidepressants and headaches: systematic review and meta-analysis". BMJ. 341: c5222. doi:10.1136/bmj.c5222. PMC 2958257. PMID 20961988.
- ↑ Verhagen AP, Damen L, Berger MY, Passchier J, Koes BW (April 2010). "Lack of benefit for prophylactic drugs of tension-type headache in adults: a systematic review". Family Practice. 27 (2): 151–165. doi:10.1093/fampra/cmp089. PMID 20028727.
- ↑ Banzi R, Cusi C, Randazzo C, Sterzi R, Tedesco D, Moja L (May 2015). "Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) for the prevention of tension-type headache in adults". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2015 (5): CD011681. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011681. PMC 6864942. PMID 25931277.
- ↑ Stovner LJ, Nichols E, Steiner TJ, Abd-Allah F, Abdelalim A, Al-Raddadi RM, et al. (November 2018). "Global, regional, and national burden of migraine and tension-type headache, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016". The Lancet. Neurology. 17 (11): 954–976. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30322-3. PMC 6191530. PMID 30353868.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 Chen Y (December 2009). "Advances in the pathophysiology of tension-type headache: from stress to central sensitization". Current Pain and Headache Reports. 13 (6): 484–494. doi:10.1007/s11916-009-0078-x. PMID 19889292. S2CID 36447117. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":7" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Jay GW, Barkin RL (December 2017). "Primary Headache Disorders- Part 2: Tension-type headache and medication overuse headache". Disease-a-Month. 63 (12): 342–367. doi:10.1016/j.disamonth.2017.05.001. PMID 28886861.
- ↑ Ashina S, Bendtsen L, Ashina M (December 2005). "Pathophysiology of tension-type headache". Current Pain and Headache Reports. 9 (6): 415–422. doi:10.1007/s11916-005-0021-8. PMID 16282042. S2CID 21527308.