Elizabeth H. West

Elizabeth H(Howard)Yamma (Maris 23, 1873 – Janairu 4, 1948), ma'aikaciyar dakin karatu ce kuma ma'aikaciyar adana kayan tarihi a Amurka a farkon karni na 20.An nada ta a matsayin Ma'aikaciyar Laburare na Jihar Texas a cikin 1918,ta kasance Shugaban Ƙungiyar Laburare na Texas sau biyu,wanda ya kafa kuma shugaban farko na Ƙungiyar Laburare ta Kudu maso Yamma,kuma ita ce Shugaban Librarian na farko na Kwalejin Fasaha ta Texas (daga baya Jami'ar Texas Tech).

Shekarun farko

An haifi West ga Rev.James Durham West DD da Mary Robertson (née Waddell) West a Pontotoc, Mississippi ranar 27 ga Maris,1873. Kakan mahaifiyarta shine Moses Waddel,tsohon shugaban Jami'ar Jojiya kuma Shugaban Jami'ar Mississippi. Yamma ta koma Texas lokacin da mahaifinta,mai hidimar Presbyterian,ya ɗauki aiki a coci a Bryan lokacin tana ɗan shekara goma sha biyu.Za ta koma Mississippi don halartar kwaleji.Ɗalibi mai ƙwazo wanda ke da niyyar samun ilimi gwargwadon iko,Yamma zai ci gaba da samun digiri na farko da na biyu da na biyu.Ta sami digiri na farko daga Cibiyar Masana'antu da Kwalejin a Columbus,Mississippi (yanzu Jami'ar Mississippi don Mata.)Daga baya ta sami digiri na farko da na biyu a tarihi daga Jami'ar Texas a Austin inda ta mai da hankali.akan fadada matsugunan Faransa da Spain a Arewacin Amurka.

Bayan kammala karatun digiri na biyu,West ta fara aiki a matsayin malamar makaranta.Ta fara komawa Mississippi inda ta koyar a wasu yankunan karkara.Daga baya,za ta koyar a duka Bryan da Austin.Ta fara horo a matsayin ma'aikacin laburare a cikin 1905 a matsayin mai ba da labari a ɗakin karatu na Jihar Texas.Yamma sai ya ɗauki matsayi tare da Library of Congress a Washington,DC a cikin 1906 a cikin kundin kasida.Daga baya,za ta shiga sashin rubutun hannu na Library of Congress inda ta tattara Kalanda na Takardun Martin Van Buren a 1910 da Kalanda na Takardun New Mexico.Ta ba ta kammala wannan na ƙarshe ba kamar yadda a cikin 1911 ta koma Texas don zama ma'aikacin adana kayan tarihin Texas State Library,matsayin da za ta riƙe har zuwa 1915.Farkon aikinta na gudanar da ɗakin karatu ya zo ne a cikin 1915,lokacin da ta ƙaura zuwa kudu zuwa San Antonio don ɗaukar daraktan ɗakin karatu na Jama'a na San Antonio . West yayi aiki tuƙuru don haɓakawa da haɓaka ɗakin karatu na San Antonio.Ta fara ba da labaran laburare akai-akai,ta ƙara yawan hannun jari,ta ba da sabbin ayyuka ga ƙungiyoyi na musamman,ta nemi a san ayyukan ɗakin karatu a cikin jaridun gida,sannan ta fara jerin laccoci na jama'a.Ayyukanta ba kawai inganta ayyuka da abubuwan da ke cikin ɗakin karatu ba,sun kuma jawo hankali ga yammacin kanta.Maganar ayyukanta da nasararta sun bazu kuma a cikin 1918,bayan shekaru uku kawai,Yamma za ta zama Ma'aikacin Laburaren Jiha na Texas.