Fari
 Fari | |
|---|---|
launi da HTML4 named color (en)  | |
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
haske da achromatic color (en) |
| Gajeren suna | W |
| SRGB color hex triplet (en) | FFFFFF |
| CSS color keyword (en) | white |
| Hannun riga da | Baki (Black) |
Fari lokaci ne na bushewa fiye da na al'ada. Fari na iya ɗaukar kwanaki, watanni ko shekaru. Fari yakan yi babban tasiri a kan yanayin muhalli da noma na yankunan da abin ya shafa, kuma yana haifar da illa ga tattalin arzikin gida. Lokacin rani na shekara-shekara a cikin wurare masu zafi yana ƙara haɓaka damar fari, tare da haɓaka haɗarin gobarar daji na gaba. [1] Raƙuman zafi na iya dagula yanayin fari sosai ta hanyar haɓaka ƙawancen ruwa . Wannan yana bushe dazuzzuka da sauran ciyayi, kuma yana ƙara yawan man fetur ga gobarar daji. [1] [2]
fari alama ce ta sauyawa a mafi yawan sassan duniya, ya zama mafi tsananin gaske kuma ba za a iya hango shi ba saboda Canjin yanayi, wanda binciken dendrochronological ya samo asali ne daga 1900. Akwai nau'ikan tasirin fari guda uku, muhalli, tattalin arziki da zamantakewa. Tasirin muhalli sun haɗa da bushewar wuraren da ke da ruwa, ƙarin gobarar daji, asarar halittu masu yawa
Tasirin tattalin arziki na fari ya haifar da mummunar lalacewa ga aikin noma da kiwon dabbobi (wanda ke haifar da Rashin tsaro na abinci), gandun daji, samar da ruwa na jama'a, kewayawar kogi (saboda misali: ƙananan matakan ruwa), samar da wutar lantarki (ta hanyar shafar tsarin wutar lantarki) da kuma tasiri ga lafiyar ɗan adam.[3]
Kudin zamantakewa da kiwon lafiya sun haɗa da mummunar tasiri a kan lafiyar mutanen da ke fuskantar wannan abu kai tsaye (rashin zafi mai yawa), tsadar abinci mai yawa, damuwa da girbi ya haifar, karancin ruwa, da dai sauransu.[4] Tsawon fari ya haifar da ƙaura mai yawa da Rikicin jin kai.[5][6]
Misalan yankuna da ke da haɗarin fari sune Yankin Amazon, Ostiraliya, yankin Sahel da Indiya. Misali, a cikin shekara ta 2005, sassan Yankin Amazon sun fuskanci fari mafi muni a cikin shekaru 100.[7] Ostiraliya na iya fuskantar fari mai tsanani kuma za su iya zama masu yawa a nan gaba, rahoton da gwamnati ta bayar ya ce a ranar 6 ga Yuli, 2008. Tsawon fari na Australiya na Millennial ya ɓarke a cikin 2010. Rashin fari na Horn of Africa na 2020-2022 ya wuce mummunan fari a cikin 2010-2011 a cikin tsawon lokaci da tsananin. [8][9]
Ma'anar
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Rahoton Bincike na shida na IPCC ya bayyana fari kawai a matsayin "mai tsanani fiye da yanayin al'ada". Wannan yana nufin cewa fari shine "rashin danshi dangane da matsakaicin wadatar ruwa a wani wuri da kuma lokacin da aka ba shi".[10]
Dangane da National Integrated Drought Information System, haɗin gwiwar hukumomi da yawa, ana bayyana fari gabaɗaya a matsayin "rashin hazo a tsawon lokaci (yawanci lokaci ɗaya ko fiye), wanda ke haifar da ƙarancin ruwa". Ofishin Kula da Yanayi na Kasa na NOAA ya bayyana fari a matsayin "rashin danshi wanda ke haifar da mummunar tasiri ga mutane, dabbobi, ko ciyayi a kan yanki mai girma".[11]
fari abu ne mai rikitarwa − wanda ke da alaƙa da rashin ruwa − wanda ke leken sa ido da bayyanawa.[12] A farkon shekarun 1980, an riga an buga ma'anoni sama da 150 na "bishi".[13] Yanayin ma'anar yana nuna bambance-bambance a cikin yankuna, buƙatu, da hanyoyin horo.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Brando, Paulo M.; Paolucci, Lucas; Ummenhofer, Caroline C.; Ordway, Elsa M.; Hartmann, Henrik; Cattau, Megan E.; Rattis, Ludmila; Medjibe, Vincent; Coe, Michael T.; Balch, Jennifer (30 May 2019). "Droughts, Wildfires, and Forest Carbon Cycling: A Pantropical Synthesis". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 47 (1): 555–581. Bibcode:2019AREPS..47..555B. doi:10.1146/annurev-earth-082517-010235. ISSN 0084-6597.
- ↑ Hartmann, Henrik; Bastos, Ana; Das, Adrian J.; Esquivel-Muelbert, Adriane; Hammond, William M.; Martínez-Vilalta, Jordi; McDowell, Nate G.; Powers, Jennifer S.; Pugh, Thomas A.M.; Ruthrof, Katinka X.; Allen, Craig D. (20 May 2022). "Climate Change Risks to Global Forest Health: Emergence of Unexpected Events of Elevated Tree Mortality Worldwide". Annual Review of Plant Biology. 73 (1): 673–702. Bibcode:2022ARPB...73..673H. doi:10.1146/annurev-arplant-102820-012804. ISSN 1543-5008. PMID 35231182 Check
|pmid=value (help). - ↑ Fleming-Muñoz, David A.; Whitten, Stuart; Bonnett, Graham D. (28 June 2023). "The economics of drought: A review of impacts and costs". Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics. 67 (4): 501–523. doi:10.1111/1467-8489.12527. ISSN 1364-985X.
- ↑ Stanke, Carla; Kerac, Marko; Prudhomme, Christel; Medlock, Jolyon; Murray, Virginia (2013-06-05). "Health Effects of Drought: a Systematic Review of the Evidence". PLOS Currents. 5: ecurrents.dis.7a2cee9e980f91ad7697b570bcc4b004. doi:10.1371/currents.dis.7a2cee9e980f91ad7697b570bcc4b004 (inactive 1 July 2025). ISSN 2157-3999. PMC 3682759. PMID 23787891.CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of ga Yuli, 2025 (link)
- ↑ Stanke, C; Kerac, M; Prudhomme, C; Medlock, J; Murray, V (5 June 2013). "Health effects of drought: a systematic review of the evidence". PLOS Currents. 5. doi:10.1371/currents.dis.7a2cee9e980f91ad7697b570bcc4b004 (inactive 1 July 2025). PMC 3682759. PMID 23787891.CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of ga Yuli, 2025 (link)
- ↑ Bellizzi, Saverio; Lane, Chris; Elhakim, Mohamed; Nabeth, Pierre (12 November 2020). "Health consequences of drought in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region: hotspot areas and needed actions". Environmental Health. 19 (1): 114. Bibcode:2020EnvHe..19..114B. doi:10.1186/s12940-020-00665-z. ISSN 1476-069X. PMC 7659048. PMID 33183302.
- ↑ "Amazon Drought Worst in 100 Years". ens-newswire.com. Archived from the original on 2019-11-15. Retrieved 5 November 2017.
- ↑ Dunne, Daisy (2022-10-26). "Analysis: Africa's unreported extreme weather in 2022 and climate change". Carbon Brief. Retrieved 2022-10-29.
- ↑ "Horn of Africa Drought: Regional Humanitarian Overview & Call to Action". ReliefWeb. 2022-09-21. Retrieved 2022-10-29.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named:2 - ↑ "Drought Basics". Drought.gov. NOAA National Integrated Drought Information System. Retrieved 2022-09-16.
- ↑ "Definition of Drought". National Centers for Environmental Information. Retrieved 2022-09-16.
- ↑ "Types of Drought". drought.unl.edu. National Drought Mitigation Center. Retrieved 2022-09-16.