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Hakkin Mai ba da bashi

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Hakkin Mai ba da bashi
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Mai ba da lamuni ko mai ba da lamuni ƙungiya ce (misali, mutum, ƙungiya, kamfani, ko gwamnati) waɗanda ke da da'awar sabis na ɓangare na biyu. Mutum ne ko ma’aikata da ake bin su kudi. [1] Ƙungiya ta farko, a gaba ɗaya, ta ba da wasu dukiya ko sabis ga ɓangare na biyu a ƙarƙashin zato (yawanci ana aiwatar da kwangila ) cewa ƙungiya ta biyu za ta dawo da dukiya da sabis daidai. Ƙungiya ta biyu ana kiranta akai-akai mai bashi ko mai bashi . Bangaren farko ana kiransa mai bashi, wanda shine mai ba da rancen dukiya, sabis, ko kuɗi.

Ana iya raba masu bashi gabaɗaya zuwa kashi biyu: amintattu da marasa tsaro.

  • Mai bin bashi mai tsaro yana da tsaro ko cajin wani ko duka kadarorin wanda ake bi bashi, don ba da tabbaci (ta haka ne don tabbatar da shi) na cikar biyan bashin da ake binsa. Wannan na iya zama ta hanyar, misali, jinginar gida, inda dukiya ke wakiltar tsaro.
  • Mai bin bashi bashi da wani caji akan kadarorin wanda ake bi bashi. [2]

Ana amfani da kalmar mai bashi akai-akai a cikin duniyar kuɗi, musamman dangane da lamuni na ɗan gajeren lokaci, lamuni na dogon lokaci, da lamunin jinginar gida . A cikin doka, mutumin da ke da shari'ar kuɗi da kotu ta shigar da shi a cikin yardarsa, ana kiransa mai bashi hukunci .

Kalmar bashi ta samo asali ne daga ra'ayi na bashi . Hakanan, a cikin Amurka ta zamani, ƙididdigewa yana nufin ƙima wanda ke nuna yuwuwar mai karɓar bashi zai biya bashin su. A lokuttan farko, ƙirƙira kuma tana nufin suna ko amana .

Rarraba lissafin kudi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A cikin gabatar da lissafin kudi, za a raba masu lamuni zuwa 'yawan faɗuwa a cikin shekara ɗaya' ko 'yawan faɗuwa bayan fiye da shekara ɗaya'...

Gabatar da bayanan kudi shine:

  • Halayen dogon lokaci
    • 'Masu bashi na dogon lokaci'
  • Lamurra na yanzu
    • 'Masu lamuni na yanzu'

  Hakkokin masu lamuni su ne tsare-tsaren tsare-tsare don kare ikon masu lamuni—mutanen da ake bin kuɗi—don karɓar kuɗin da ake binsu. Waɗannan tanade-tanaden sun bambanta daga wannan ikon zuwa wani, kuma suna iya haɗawa da ikon mai lamuni na sanya jingina kan kadarorin wanda ake bi bashi, don aiwatar da kamawa da sayar da kadarorin wanda ake bi ta tilas, don aiwatar da ƙawance na albashin wanda ake bi bashi, da kuma samun damar. wasu sayayya ko kyaututtukan da mai bin bashi ya keɓe a matsayin jigilar yaudara .[3] Haƙƙoƙin wani mai bashi yawanci ya dogara ne akan dalilin da ake bi bashin, da kuma sharuɗɗan duk wani rubutu da ke tunawa bashin.

fifiko na masu bashi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Haƙƙin masu bin bashi ba wai kawai haƙƙoƙin masu lamuni a kan wanda ake bi bashi ba, har ma da haƙƙoƙin masu lamuni akan junansu. Inda masu bin bashi da yawa ke da'awar haƙƙin sakawa a kan wani yanki na musamman, ko kuma a kan asusun mai bi bashi gabaɗaya, dokokin da ke tafiyar da haƙƙin masu lamuni sun ƙayyade ko wane mai lamuni ne ke da mafi ƙarfi ga kowane taimako na musamman. [4]

Gabaɗaya, ana iya raba masu lamuni tsakanin waɗanda suka “ kammala ” ribarsu ta hanyar kafa bayanan jama’a da suka dace na bashin da duk wata kadara da ake da’awar a matsayin jingina gare ta, da waɗanda ba su da shi. Ana iya rarraba masu lamuni bisa ga ko suna "mallake" na jinginar, da kuma ko an ƙirƙiri bashin a matsayin sayan kuɗi tsaro riba . Mai lamuni na iya tambayar kotu gabaɗaya ta keɓance hanyar damfara da aka ƙera don fitar da kadarorin wanda ake bi bashi ko kuɗaɗen da ba za su iya ba.[5]

Ayyuka na musamman na doka

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Wasu lauyoyi suna da wani yanki na musamman da aka mayar da hankali kan tarin irin wannan basusuka . [6] Ana kiran irin waɗannan lauyoyi akai-akai azaman lauyoyin tara ko lauyoyin tattarawa.

Lauyoyin da ke aiki a fannin haƙƙin mai lamuni suna yin ɗaya ko duk waɗannan abubuwan:

  • Aiwatar da ƙararraki da amfani da wasu dabarun tattara doka don karɓar basussukan mabukaci (watau basussukan da mutane ke bi)
  • Aiwatar da ƙararraki da amfani da wasu dabarun tattara doka don karɓar basusukan kasuwanci (watau basussukan da 'yan kasuwa ke bi)
  • Wakilci bukatun mai lamuni a cikin tsarin fatarar kuɗi [7]
  • Ƙaddamar da gidaje ko dukiya ta kasuwanci idan mai siye ya kasa biyan kuɗi
  • Mai da (ko replevin ) amintattun kaya (misali, motoci) idan mai siye ya gaza biyan kuɗi

Ikon masu lamuni a lokacin rashin biyan kuɗi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A cikin Burtaniya, da zarar an nemi wani Tsarin Sa-kai na Mutum (IVA), kuma yana cikin wurin ta hanyar kotu, ana hana masu lamuni yin tuntuɓar kai tsaye a ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗan IVA. Duk wasiƙun da ke gudana na IVA dole ne su fara shiga ta hanyar da aka naɗa na Ma'aikacin Rashin Nasara . Masu ba da lamuni za su fara ma'amala da Mai Haɓaka Rashin Magani da karɓar rahotannin shekara-shekara idan an ƙaddamar da su.

A karkashin Dokar Kamfanoni na 2006, masu ba da lamuni na kamfani na iya neman kotu don neman odar kiran taron masu lamuni ko wasu masu lamuni da suka fada cikin wani nau'i na musamman, don yin la'akari da sulhu ko "tsari" tsakanin kamfanin da shi. masu bin bashi. Idan mafi rinjayen da ke wakiltar kashi 75 cikin 100 na masu lamuni ko masu bin bashi da suka halarta da kuma jefa ƙuri'a a cikin mutum ko ta wakili a taron sun amince da sasantawa, taron na iya neman kotu don aiwatar da sulhun. Irin wannan tanadin zai shafi membobin ( masu hannun jari ) na kamfani da ke neman yin tsari tare da kamfanin. Dokar Rarar Kuɗi da Mulki ta 2020 ta yi irin wannan tanadi inda aka gabatar da sulhu tsakanin masu lamuni ko membobi da kamfani wanda "ya ci karo, ko kuma yana iya fuskantar matsalolin kuɗi".

Duba sauran bayanai

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  • Ana biyan asusun ajiya
  • Ana karɓar asusun ajiya
  • Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga da kudaden shiga da aka jinkirta
  • Lamunin banki da kari
  • Dokar fatara
  • Bill na musanya biya
  • Hukumar tattarawa
  • Dokar kwangila
  • Da'awar gudummawa (na shari'a)
  • Hakkokin masu kishi
  • Bashi lamuni
  • Bashi
  • Rarraba
  • Dokar Ayyukan Tara Bashi Mai Adalci
  • Tsari na son rai guda ɗaya
  • IOU (Na bashi ku)
  • Biyan kuɗi da aka karɓa akan asusun
  1. Empty citation (help)
  2. "Insolvency for creditors". Australian Securities and Investments Commission. Retrieved March 22, 2022.
  3. UK Legislation, Companies Act 2006, Part 26: Arrangements and Reconstructions: General, accessed 15 August 2020
  4. UK Legislation, Corporate Insolvency and Governance Act 2020, Schedule 9: Arrangements and Reconstructions for Companies in Financial Difficulty, accessed 15 August 2020
  5. UK Legislation, Corporate Insolvency and Governance Act 2020, Schedule 9: Arrangements and Reconstructions for Companies in Financial Difficulty, accessed 15 August 2020
  6. "Legal Dictionary - Law.com". Law.com Legal Dictionary. Retrieved February 1, 2019.
  7. "Creditors' Rights in Bankruptcy :: Justia". www.justia.com. Retrieved 1 February 2019.