Harshen Araki
| Araki | |
|---|---|
| Asali a | Vanuatu |
| Yanki | Araki Island, Espiritu Santo |
'Yan asalin magana | 8 (2012)[1] |
| Lamban rijistar harshe | |
| ISO 639-3 |
akr |
| Glottolog |
arak1252[2] |
 Araki is classified as Critically Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger | |
Araki yare ne da ke kusa da ƙare wanda ake magana a cikin ƙaramin tsibirin Araki, kudu da Tsibirin Espiritu Santo a Vanuatu . Ana maye gurbinsa Araki a hankali da Tangoa, yare daga tsibirin makwabta.
Sunan[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
a-='{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"IPA-xx","href":"./Template:IPA-xx"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"aˈraki"},"2":{"wt":""}},"i":0}}]}' data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwEw" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span typeof="mw:Entity">[</span><span typeof="mw:Entity">]</span> Araki [aˈraki] ya fito ne daga yaren Tamambo (tare da alamar a-). [3][] asalinsa shine Raki [ˈɾaki].
Yanayin yanzu[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
An kiyasta Araki yana da masu magana da asali 8 a cikin 2012 tare da ci gaba da Canjin harshe zuwa harshen makwabta Tangoa. Sauran mutanen tsibirin suna da ilimin Araki, wanda ke ba su damar fahimtar shi, amma suna da iyakantaccen ikon magana da shi. Wani babban bangare na ƙamus na Araki, da kuma abubuwan da suka faru na idiosyncratic da phonetic na harshe sun ɓace. Masu magana da Araki da yawa suna magana da harshen Bislama a matsayin harshen magana, kodayake amfani da shi galibi a cikin garuruwa biyu na ƙasar, Port-Vila da Luganville, kuma ba sau da yawa a yankunan karkara.
Masanin harshe Alexandre François [4] ya bayyana Araki a shekara ta 2002.
| Shekara | Pop | Spkr | Tushen |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1897 | 103 | 103 | Miller (1990) |
| 1972 | 72 | Tryon (1972) | |
| 1989 | 112 | 80 | Tryon da Charpentier (1989) |
| 1996 | 105 | 105 [ƙasa-alpha 1][lower-alpha 1] | Girma (1996) |
| 1998 | 121 | 34 | Vari-Bogiri (2008) |
Rarraba[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Araki na cikin reshen Oceanic na Harsunan Austronesian; mafi mahimmanci, ga ƙungiyar 'Harsunan Arewa da Tsakiyar Vanuatu'.
Fasahar sauti[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Araki yana da lissafin sashi na 16 consonant phonemes da wasula 5, waɗanda aka nuna a cikin tebur biyu masu zuwa:
Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Araki yana da ƙwayoyin 16 waɗanda galibi suna bayyana a farkon syllable, tare da wasu banbanci.
| Biyuwa | Harshe | Alveolar | Velar | Gishiri | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hanci | Ya kam a yi amfani da shiYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya | Sunan da ake kiraYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya | Ya kasan a cikinYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya | ŋ kamata a yi amfani da shiYa shafiSanya | |
| Plosive | Sunan hakaYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya | Sunan da ake kiraYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya | Ya kamat a yi amfani da shiYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya | SashenYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya | |
| Rashin lafiya | t͡ʃ ShaanYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya | ||||
| Fricative | SashenYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya | ð tsara shi neSunan da aka yiSanya | s da aka yiYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya | h kamata a yi amfani da shiYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya | |
| Flap | ɾ yi amfani da shi a matsayinSanya | ||||
| Trill | Sunan r aka yiSanya | ||||
| Hanyar gefen | SanyaYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya |
- ↑ François (2012:98).
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Araki". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ See entry “Raki” in François (2008).
- ↑ All the information contained in this entry comes from his grammar Araki: A disappearing language of Vanuatu (François (2002)).
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