Harshen Irarutu

Irarutu
Irahutu
Kasira
Asali a	Indonesia
Yanki	Bomberai Peninsula, in Teluk Bintuni Regency
Coordinates	2°56′S 133°35′E
'Yan asalin magana	(4,000 cited 1987)e25
Dangin harshen	Tustrunizit Malayo-Polynesian Central–Eastern Malayo-Polynesian Kei–Tanimbar Irarutu–Nabi Irarutu
Lamban rijistar harshe
ISO 639-3	irh
Glottolog	irar1238

Irarutu, Irahutu, Ko Kasira, yaren Australiya ne na mafi yawan cikin yankin Bomberai Peninsula na arewa maso yammacin New Guinea a cikin Masarautar Teluk Bintuni . Sunan Irarutu ya fito ne daga harshen kansa, inda ira</link> hade da ru</link> don ƙirƙirar 'muryar su'. Lokacin da aka haɗa tare da tu</link> , wanda a kan kansa yana nufin 'gaskiya', ma'anar sunan ya zama 'Muryarsu ta gaskiya' ko 'Yaren mutanen gaskiya'.

Kuri yana da kusanci sosai a ƙamus, amma ba a rarraba shi bisa ƙa'ida ba. Ban da wannan, Irarutu ya bambanta sosai tsakanin yarukan Kudancin Halmahera – Yamma New Guinea . A baya can, ana ɗaukar Irarutu a matsayin na cikin rukunin Kudancin Halmahera na harsunan Australiya, amma kwanan nan, Grimes da Edwards suna sanya Irarutu a cikin harsunan Kei-Tanimbar .

Akwai bambance-bambance guda bakwai da ake samu a cikin harshen: Nabi, Babo, Kasuri, Fruata, Kudu-Arguni, Gabas-Arguni, Arewa-Arguni.

Rarrabawa

Ana magana da Irarutu a yankin Bomberai Peninsula na Indonesiya. Musamman, ana magana da shi a wurare kamar haka:

• Kaimana Regency
  • Arguni District: Minggir, Aru, Kafuryai, Warmenu, Egarwara, Warua, Tugunawa, Rafa, Fiduma, Rauna, Sumun, Wanggita, Ukiara, Warwarsi, Bovuer, Mahua, Jawera, Rofada, Waromi, Tanusan, Urisa, Mandiwa, Werafuta, Nagura, da kauyukan Seraran.
• Teluk Bintuni Regency
  • Gundumar Babo: Irarutu 3, Nusei, Kasira, Amutu, Modan, and Kanaisi villages
  • Gundumar Aroba: kauyen Wame
  • Farfurwar gundumar.

Fassarar sauti

Consonants

Tyron (1995) yana ba da baƙaƙe masu zuwa:

Irarutu consonants

		Labial	Dental / </br> Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal		m	n
Tsayawa	voiceless	p	t	c	k
	voiced	b	d	ɟ	g
Masu saɓo		f	s			h
Kaɗa			ɾ
Semi wasula		w		j

/p, t, c, k, b, d, ɟ, g/, are all stops with /p, t, c, k/ being voiceless and /b, d, ɟ, g/ being voiced. All stop consonants can be placed in any position (beginning, middle, or end) with the exception of /c/ which cannot be placed in the ending position. Voiced stops /b, d, ɟ, g/ are mainly heard as prenasalized [ᵐb, ⁿd, ᶮɟ, ᵑɡ] in the Fruata dialect.

/f, s, h/ are all voiceless fricatives. /f/ is found in all three positions and is sometimes pronounced as a voiced [v] by Native Irarutu speakers, and is mainly heard as a bilabial fricative [ɸ] in the East Arguni dialect. /s/ is also found in all three positions but is never voiced. /h/ may be a recent addition to the language. /h/ is only found in initial and middle positions.

/m, n/ are both voiced nasals. Both consonants are found in all three positions.

/ɾ/ is found in most Irarutu dialects, but is sometimes replaced by [l].

Wasula

Tyron (1995) ya ba da wasula masu zuwa:

Irarutu wasali

	Gaba		Tsakiya	Baya
Babban	i			u
	ɪ
Tsakar	e ~ ɛ		( ə )	o ~ ɔ
Ƙananan			a

Ana samun wasula bakwai a cikin Irarutu, /a, e, ɪ, i, ʏ, o, u/</link> . Ana iya amfani da duk wasula bakwai ta hanyar monophthong amma diphthongs an iyakance su ga ƴan haɗe-haɗe.

Nahawu

Irarutu yana bin tsarin maudu'in-fi'ili-abu (SVO) a cikin tsari na kalma. Siffai irin su ƙima babba ko ƙididdigewa suna zuwa bayan suna, amma ga abubuwan da suka shafi zuriya magabatan farko suna zuwa gaban zuriya.