Haƙƙoƙin Asali da haƙƙin shari'a
 Haƙƙoƙin Asali da haƙƙin shari'a | |
|---|---|
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | Haƙƙoƙi |
Haƙƙoƙin Asali da haƙƙoƙin shari'a nau'i biyu ne.
- Hakkoki na Asali su ne waɗanda ba su dogara da dokoki ko al'adun kowace al'ada ko gwamnati ba, haka kuma su ne na gama gari (duniya), asali kuma ba za a iya kawar da su ba (dokokin ɗan adam ba za su iya soke su ba, ko da yake mutum zai iya rasa jin dadin su ta hanyar ayyukansa, kamar ta hanyar aiki. take haƙƙin wani).Dokar Asali ita ce ƙa'idar haƙƙin Shari'a.
- Haƙƙoƙi na shari'a sune waɗanda aka ba mutum ta tsarin doka (ana iya gyara su, soke su, da kuma tauye su ta hanyar dokokin ɗan adam) wannan ya nuna duk wasu dokoki na Shari'a (Legal rights) za'a iya gyara su, ko kuma soke su da kuma juya su ta hanyar cin hanci da rashawa.Manufar doka mai kyau tana da alaƙa da manufar haƙƙin doka.
Dokar Asali ta fara bayyana a tsohuwar falsafar Girkanci, kuma masanin falsafar Roman Cicero ya yi magana da shi.Daga baya aka yi ishara da shi a cikin Littafin Injila , [1] sannan masana falsafar Katolika irin su Albert the Great da almajirinsa Thomas Aquinas suka haɓaka a tsakiyar zamanai.A lokacin zamanin wayewa, an yi amfani da manufar dokokin dabi'a don ƙalubalantar haƙƙin allahntaka na sarakuna, kuma ya zama madadin hujja don kafa kwangilar zamantakewa, doka mai kyau, da gwamnati - don haka haƙƙin doka - a cikin nau'i na gargajiya jamhuriya .Akasin haka, manufar haƙƙin asali wasu suna amfani da su don ƙalubalantar halaccin duk waɗannan cibiyoyi.
Tunanin haƙƙin ɗan adam ya samo asali ne daga ka'idodin haƙƙin Asali (Natural rights). [2]Waɗanda suka ƙi bambanci tsakanin haƙƙoƙin ɗan adam da haƙƙin ɗabi'a suna kallon haƙƙin ɗan adam a matsayin magajin da bai dogara da shari'ar halitta ba, tiyoloji na halitta, ko koyaswar tauhidin Kiristanci . [3]Haƙƙoƙin Asali (Natural rights), musamman, ana la'akari da su fiye da ikon kowace gwamnati ko wata hukuma ta duniya don yin watsi da su.Sanarwar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta 1948 ta Haƙƙoƙin Ɗan Adam muhimmin kayan aiki ne na shari'a da ke ba da ra'ayi ɗaya na haƙƙoƙin asali cikin dokar sauƙi ta ƙasa da ƙasa .Ana kallon haƙƙoƙin asali a al'adance a matsayin haƙƙoƙin da ba su da kyau, [4] yayin da haƙƙin ɗan adam kuma ya ƙunshi haƙƙoƙi masu kyau. [5]Ko da a kan haƙƙi asali na haƙƙin ɗan adam, kalmomin biyu na iya zama ba iri ɗaya ba.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Romans 2:14–15
- ↑ Jones, Peter. Rights. Palgrave Macmillan, 1994, p. 72.
- ↑ Jones, Peter. Rights. Palgrave Macmillan, 1994, p. 81.
- ↑ For example, the imperative "not to harm others" is said to be justified by natural law, but the same is not true when it comes to providing protection against harm
- ↑ See James Nickel, Human Rights, 2010. The claim that "..all human rights are negative rights.." is rejected, therefore human rights also comprise positive rights.