Karuwanci a Ghana

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Karuwanci a Ghana
prostitution by region (en) Fassara
Bayanai
Bangare na prostitution in Africa (en) Fassara
Ƙasa Ghana

Yin karuwanci a cikin Ghana haramtacce ne amma ya zama gama gari,[1][2] ta yadda yawancin 'yan Ghana ba su san cewa an hana shi ba.[3] Akwai yawon shakatawa na jima'i, karuwancin yara da fataucin mutane.[4].[5][6] Yawan rashin aikin yi da talauci a Ghana ana tsammanin sune suka haifar da haɓaka cikin masana'antar jima'i.[7][8]rk.[9][10] A high percentage of sex workers are vulnerable to HIV.[11] Rashin aikin yi shine dalilin da yasa matasa ke aikin jima'i. Yawancin masu yin jima'i suna da saukin kamuwa da cutar kanjamau.

Wasu karuwai a Ghana suna kamfen don a halatta cinikin karuwanci,[9][12] kuma an tattauna.

Tsohon Firayim Minista na Ghana, Dokta Kofi Abrefa Busia, masanin kimiyyar zamantakewar jama'a na Oxford, ya rubuta labarin kan karuwanci "Rahoton bincike kan zamantakewar jama'a na Sekondi-Takoradi."

Dubawa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An san karuwai a Ghana a cikin gida kamar "ashawo",[13] "toutou" (wanda aka samo daga 'shillings biyu, pence biyu'; karuwar da ba ta da lada mai yawa)[10] ko "maame-i-dey". Akwai gidajen karuwai a yawancin garuruwa, birane da tashar jiragen ruwa ta Ghana. Sau da yawa waɗannan suna cikin ɗakunan ajiya na wucin gadi ko tsofaffin ɗakunan ajiya, wasu kuma suna haɗe da sanduna.[14] An san karuwai da ba sa aiki a gidajen karuwai ko ''mazauna'' ko ''masu yawo''. Mazaunan suna aiki daga gida, suna zaune a ƙofar kuma suna kiran abokan ciniki. Idan suna tare da abokin ciniki sai su rage labule a ƙofar. Kujeru gabaɗaya suna aiki a wani yanki na gari, suna ƙirƙirar ƙaramar gundumar haske. Gabaɗaya sun kasance tsoffin mata ko zawarawa.

Masu yawo sun zama mata matasa kuma suna aiki akan tituna, sanduna da otal-otal. "Matukan jirgi", galibi direbobin tasi, suna aiki a matsayin masu shiga tsakani tsakanin mata da kwastomomi a otal-otal. Yawancin lokaci suna samun kuɗi daga ɓangarorin biyu. Suna kuma taimaka wa mata su shiga otal-otal saboda yawancinsu babu matan da ke mulki. Hakanan ma'aikatan otal ɗin na iya karɓar rashawa don barin matan su shiga.

Matan suna fuskantar tashin hankali lokaci-lokaci daga kwastomomin, ko yawanci ƙi biya. Ma'aikatan otal na iya yin amfani da su.

Tun da aka fara aikin hakar mai a shekarar 2011, karuwanci a tashar jirgin ruwa ta Takoradi ya karu sosai saboda shigowar ma'aikatan mai.[15]

UNAIDS ta kiyasta akwai karuwai 52,000 a cikin kasar.[16]

Karuwancin namiji[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Yawaitar yawan karuwanci a cikin Ghana ya tashi a hankali tsawon shekaru amma ba a faɗi abubuwa da yawa game da shi ba saboda yanayin da yake ɗauka. Yin karuwanci ya fi yawa a cikin yankuna masu zuwa kamar su Tesano, Adabraka, Osu, Accra da Paloma a Accra. Karuwai maza suna yin asirin a matsayin mata saboda luwadi ba laifi bane a Ghana kamar yadda tsarin mulki ya tanada.[17][18][19] Ayyukan waɗannan karuwai galibi maza ne ke tallata su a cikin manyan aji waɗanda ke da isassun kayan aiki don yin hankali game da ayyukan jima'i.[20] Wannan yana haifar da ƙarin haɓaka mai dacewa cikin farashin yin luwadi da 'yan luwaɗi idan aka ba da wadataccen wadatar waɗannan karuwai.

Aiwatarwan Doka[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Aiwatarwan doka tana da sauyi, kuma akwai wasu lokuta da ake takaita karuwai. Jami’an tsaro suna cin zarafin karuwai. A cikin binciken da aka yi a duk gari da birane 26, sulusin karuwai sun ba da labarin matsalolin 'yan sanda. Waɗannan sun haɗa da tsoratarwa, kwace, barazanar da hare-hare. Da yawa sun ba da rahoton cewa dole ne su yi lalata da jami'an don kauce wa hukunci.

A cikin binciken da aka gudanar a 2007 na jami'an tsaro 251, 15% sun yarda cewa sun nemi yin jima'i saboda rashin gurfanar da karuwai da aka kama.

'Yan sanda da' yan siyasa wani lokacin ana ba su cin hanci ko sanya baki don rufe ido.[21]

Yawon shakatawa na Jima'i[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ghana ta kafa kanta a matsayin matattarar yawon shakatawa ta jima'i daga yawon bude ido na yamma. Irin wannan yawon bude ido ya jawo hankulan mutane ta hanyar laulayi dokokin kasar game da kiyaye yara da kuma rashin bin doka. Karuwanci yara yana ƙaruwa matsala ce da girlsan mata ke da rauni da yara maza kaɗan.[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]

Cinikin Jima'i[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An sami karuwai 'yan Vietnam a Ghana a biranen Tema da Takoradi da ke gabar teku. Wani dan jaridar Ghana mai bincike Anas Aremeyaw Anas ya gano cewa an yi fataucin matan Vietnam ne zuwa Ghana da nufin karuwanci. Wata mace ‘yar Vietnam wacce ake kira Hanh ce ta dauki karuwai‘ yan Vietnam karuwai a cikin watan Yulin 2013. Kudin da kwastomominsu suka biya a Ghana ya kai dalar Amurka 100 a cikin awa daya. Karuwai sun yi aiki daga gidan karuwai a cikin gidan baƙuwar Jang Mi a Takoradi. Shekarun matan sun kasance daga 25 zuwa 35.

Mata da 'yan mata daga China, Najeriya, Cote d'Ivoire da Burkina Faso suma ana fataucin su zuwa Ghana don karuwanci.[36]

Ofishin Gwamnatin Amurka na Kula da Yaki da Fataucin Mutane ya sanya Ghana a matsayin kasa ta 'Tier 2'.[37]

Duba kuma[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. ↑ "2008 Human Rights Report: Ghana". State.gov. 25 February 2009. Archived from the original on 26 February 2009. Retrieved 20 May 2015.
  2. ↑ Overview of Trafficking and Prostitution Laws in the Middle East and Africa (PDF) (Report). Thomson Reuters Foundation. November 2012. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
  3. ↑ Bindman, Jo; Doezema, Jo (1997). "Redefining Prostitution as Sex Work on the International Agenda" (PDF). Atria. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
  4. ↑ Tornyi, Emmanuel (31 August 2015). "UNICEF report: Cape Coast tops child prostitution in Ghana – Survey – News – Pulse". Retrieved 23 January 2017.
  5. ↑ "Prostitution in Ghana". Retrieved 23 January 2017.
  6. ↑ "Ghana". Retrieved 23 January 2017.
  7. ↑ Yeboah, Muriel A. (1 January 2008). Gender and Livelihoods: Mapping the Economic Strategies of Porters in Accra, Ghana (PhD thesis). West Virginia University. Template:ProQuest.
  8. ↑ Opare, Albert (24 March 2016). "Relationship Between Unemployment And Prostitution In Ghana". modernghana.com. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Isaac Kaledzi (21 August 2013). "Prostitutes in Ghana battle for recognition". Deutsche Welle.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Ditmore, Melissa Hope (1 January 2006). Encyclopedia of Prostitution and Sex Work. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 9780313329708. Retrieved 23 January 2017 – via Google Books.
  11. ↑ "IOM Study shows HIV vulnerability among female sex workers in Ghana" (PDF). IOM Ghana Migration and Health - HIV and Population Mobility. Retrieved 20 May 2015. line feed character in |publisher= at position 10 (help)
  12. ↑ "Make Prostitution Legal - Prostitutes Urge Gov't". ghanatrade.gov.gh. Archived from the original on 13 March 2017. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
  13. ↑ Albert Opare (24 March 2016). "Relationship Between Unemployment And Prostitution In Ghana". Modern Ghana.
  14. ↑ Kove-Seyram, Selase. "The girls behind the railway line - ZAM". Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
  15. ↑ Francis Kokutse (9 February 2012). "Ghana: oil revives prostitution". Radio Netherlands Worldwide. Archived from the original on 9 February 2012. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
  16. ↑ "Sex workers: Population size estimate - Number, 2016". www.aidsinfoonline.org. UNAIDS. Archived from the original on 4 June 2019. Retrieved 21 July 2018.
  17. ↑ "Male prostitutes practice openly in Accra". Modern Ghana. Modern Ghana. Retrieved 24 April 2018.
  18. ↑ Ennin Abbey, Emelia (2 July 2015). "'Man-woman' prostitute arrested by police in Accra". Graphic Online. Graphic Online. Retrieved 24 April 2018.
  19. ↑ "PHOTO: Male prostitute dressed as a Female arrested Agbogbloshie". e.tv Ghana. e.tv Ghana. Retrieved 24 April 2018.[permanent dead link]
  20. ↑ "Gay Prostitutes Invade Accra". GhanaWeb. GhanaWeb. Retrieved 24 April 2018.
  21. ↑ Quashie, Sena (28 September 2015). "Sin City? How prostitution, illicit sex and immorality rule Ashaiman – News – Pulse". Retrieved 23 January 2017.
  22. ↑ "Ghana Trafficking China's Prostitutes". West African Democracy Radio. Retrieved 13[permanent dead link] April 2012. Unknown parameter |archived
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  23. ↑ "Children active in commercial sex work in Ghana". Thechronicle.com.gh. 5 June 2012. Archived from the original on 6 January 2014. Retrieved 20 May 2015.
  24. ↑ Ame, Robert Kwame; Agbényiga, DeBrenna LaFa; Apt, Nana Araba (22 February 2011). Children's Rights in Ghana: Reality or Rhetoric?. Lexington Books. ISBN 9780739169100. Retrieved 23 January 2017 – via Google Books.
  25. ↑ "Ghana". State.gov. 6 March 2007. Retrieved 20 May 2015.
  26. ↑ "Ghana is "paradise for paedophiles", says OneWorld". Radio Netherlands Worldwide. 8 July 2012. Archived from the original on 8 July 2012. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
  27. ↑ Jasmine, Arku (2 July 2013). "Ghana news: Ghana not a sex tourism destination". Graphic Online. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
  28. ↑ US Department of State (27 July 2015). "Trafficking in Persons Report 2015 - Country Narratives - Ghana". European Country of Origin Information Network. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
  29. ↑ Sanne Terlingen (28 June 2012). "Paradijs voor Pedo's" (in Holanci). OneWorld.nl. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
  30. ↑ "IOM Study shows HIV vulnerability among female sex workers in Ghana". Newstime Africa. African Press Organization. 15 April 2015. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
  31. ↑ "Executive summary : Ghana" (PDF). Ecpat.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 March 2017. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
  32. ↑ Clarke, Prue (13 October 2005). "PM - Poverty in Ghana driving children into prostitution". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
  33. ↑ "Profile of a child sex worker". IRIN. 20 March 2008. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
  34. ↑ Blay, Pius Amihere (31 August 2015). "Cape Coast tops child prostitution in Ghana- UNICEF Report". Ghana News.
  35. ↑ "Trafficking in Persons Report 2010". US Departement of State. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
  36. ↑ "Ghana 2018 Trafficking in Persons Report". U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 28 July 2018. Retrieved 26 July 2018.

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