Kwayar cutar Tsargiya
| Kwayar cutar Tsargiya | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Platyhelminthes (en)  |
| Class | Trematoda (en) |
| Order | Strigeatida (en) |
| Dangi | Schistosomatidae (en) |
| Genus | Schistosoma (en)
|
| jinsi | Schistosoma haematobium Bilharz, 1852
|
Ƙwayar cutar tsargiya wata nau'i ne na trematode digenetic, na cikin rukuni (genus) na jini ( Schistosoma ). Ana samunsa a Afirka da Gabas ta Tsakiya. ita ce game garin ƙwayar cutar iyalin schistosomiasis, mafi yawan kamuwa da cutar parasitic a cikin mutane. [1] Shi kaɗai ne parasite na jini wanda ke cutar da sashin fitsari, yana haifar da schistosomiasis na fitsari, kuma shi ne babban dalilin cutar kansar mafitsara (sai dai kusa da shan taba).[2][3] ar ne ke haifar da cututtuka.
Ana samun balagaggun ƙwayar cutar a cikin venous plexuses a kusa da mafitsara na fitsari kuma ƙwai da aka saki suna tafiya zuwa bangon mafitsara na fitsari yana haifar da jini a cikin fitsari(Tsargiya) da fibrosis na mafitsara. Mafitsara ya zama calcified, kuma ana samun karuwar matsa lamba akan ureters wanda akfi sani da kuma aka sani da hydronephrosis. Tana sak kumburi na al'aura . Kumburi na al'aura saboda Kwayr cutar t nsargiya a iya taimakawa wajen yaduwar cutar HIV. [4] S. haematobium shine buguwar jini na farko da aka gano. Theodor Bilharz, wani Bajamushe likitan fiɗa da ke aiki a Alkahira, ya gano ƙwayar cuta a matsayin abin da ke haifar da kamuwa da urin a cikin 1851. Bayan mai binciken, kamuwa da cuta (gaba ɗaya ya haɗa da duk cututtukan schistosome) ana kiransa bilharzia ko bilharziasis. [5] Tare da sauran kwayoyin cututtuka irinsu Clonorchis sinensis da Opisthorchis viverrini, S. haematobium an ayyana shi a matsayin rukuni na 1 (wanda aka tabbatar da shi sosai) carcinogens ta Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Duniya ta WHO don Bincike kan Ciwon daji (IARC) Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata akan Ƙididdigar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru ga Mutane a 2009[6]
Tarihi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
An rubuta fitsarin jini ( Tsargiya ) ta Masar a cikin papyri shekaru 5,000 da suka wuce. Suka kira shi Aaa . [7] Rahoton kimiyya na farko shine Marc Armand Ruffer, likitan Birtaniya a Masar, a shekarar 1910. Ya gano ƙwa ɗaya daga mummies guda biyu, waɗanda aka yi kwanan watan kusan 1250-1000 BC. [8] An bayyana cutar mafi tsufa da aka sani zuwa yau ta amfani da ELISA, wanda ya wuce shekaru 5,000. [9] Tun da ba a san dalilin cutar ba, sojojin Napoleon a shekarar 1798 sun kira Masar a matsayin "ƙasar masu haila." [10]
A shekara ta 1851, Theodor Maximillian Bilharz, wani likitan Jamus a Asibitin Kasr el-Aini da ke birnin Alkahira ya farfaɗo da balagaggu daga wani soja da ya mutu. Ya sanya masa suna Distomum haematobium, don bakunansa guda biyu (yanzu ana kiransa ventral and oral suckers) da kuma mazaunin jijiyar jini. [11] Ya buga bayanin na yau da kullun a cikin shekarar 1852. [12] Halin halittar Distomum (a zahiri "mai-baki biyu") Carl Linnaeus ne ya ƙirƙira shi a cikin 1758 don duk ɓangarorin; don haka, ba takamaiman ba ne. Wani likitan Jamus Heinrich Meckel von Hemsbach ya gabatar da sabon suna Bilharzia haematobium a cikin shekarar 1856 don girmama mai binciken. Ya kuma gabatar da kalmar likita bilharzia ko bilharziasis don bayyana kamuwa da cuta. [13] von Hemsbach ba a sani ba, masanin dabbobin Jamus David Friedrich Weinland ya kafa sabuwar halittar Schistosoma a shekarar 1858. Bayan kusan karni na rikice-rikice na haraji, Schistooma ya inganta ta ICZN a 1954; [14] don haka inganta sunan Schistosoma haematobium
Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- ↑ Anon (2017). "Schistosomiasis". WHO Fact Sheet. WHO Media Centre. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
- ↑ Antoni, S.; Ferlay, J.; Soerjomataram, I.; Znaor, A.; Jemal, A.; Bray, F. (2017). "Bladder Cancer incidence and mortality: A global overview and recent trends". European Urology. 71 (1): 96–108. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2016.06.010. PMID 27370177.
- ↑ Khurana S, Dubey ML, Malla N (April 2005). "Association of parasitic infections and cancers". Indian J Med Microbiol. 23 (2): 74–79. doi:10.1016/S0300-483X(01)00357-2. PMID 15928434.
- ↑ Leutscher PD, Pedersen M, Raharisolo C, et al. (2005). "Increased prevalence of leukocytes and elevated cytokine levels in semen from Schistosoma haematobium-infected individuals". J Infect Dis. 191 (10): 1639–47. doi:10.1086/429334. PMID 15838790
- ↑ Tan, SY; Ahana, A (2007). "Theodor Bilharz (1825–1862): discoverer of schistosomiasis" (PDF). Singapore Medical Journal. 48 (3): 184–185. PMID 17342284
- ↑ van Tong, Hoang; Brindley, Paul J.; Meyer, Christian G.; Velavan, Thirumalaisamy P. (2017). "Parasite Infection, Carcinogenesis and Human Malignancy". EBioMedicine. 15: 12–23. doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.11.034. PMC 5233816. PMID 27956028
- ↑ Contis, G.; David, A.R. (1996). "The epidemiology of Bilharzia in Ancient Egypt: 5000 years of schistosomiasis". Parasitology Today. 12 (7): 253–255. doi:10.1016/0169-4758(96)30007
- ↑ Ruffer, M.A. (1910). "Note on the presence of Bilharzia haematobia in Egyptian mummies of the twentieth dynasty [1250–1000 BC]". British Medical Journal. 1 (2557): 16. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.2557.16-a. PMC 2330583. PMID 20764829
- ↑ Deelder, A.M.; Miller, R.L.; de Jonge, N.; Krijger, F.W. (1990). "Detection of schistosome antigen in mummies". The Lancet. 335 (8691): 724–5. doi:10.1016/0140-6736(90)90838-v. PMID 1969079. S2CID 12113260
- ↑ Khanna, Kanika (2021-10-28). "How a Schistosoma Parasite Prevented a War". The American Society for Microbiology. Retrieved 2022-01-24.
- ↑ Grove, D.I. (1990). A History of Human Helminthology. Wallingford, Oxon (UK): C.A.B. International. p. 188. ISBN 978-0-85198-689-0
- ↑ Bilharz, T. (1852). "Fernere Mittheilungen uber Distomum haematobium". Zeitschrift für Wissenschaftliche Zoologie. 4 (454–456).
- ↑ Mutapi, F. (2016). "Getting a GRiPP on everyday schistosomiasis: experience from Zimbabwe" (PDF). Parasitology. 144 (12): 1624–1632. doi:10.1017/S0031182016001724. PMID 27729092. S2CID 22153134
- ↑ Hemming, F., ed. (1954). Opinions and Declarations Rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature Volume 4 Part 16. London (UK): International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature. pp. 177–200.