Mainz

Mainz
Flag of Mainz (en)
Inkiya	מגנצא
Suna saboda	Main (mul) da Mogons (en)
Wuri
49°59′58″N 8°16′25″E
Territory claimed by (en)
Ƴantacciyar ƙasa	Jamus
Federated state of Germany (en)	Rhineland-Palatinate (en)
Babban birnin	Rhineland-Palatinate (en)
Yawan mutane
Faɗi	223,888 (2025)
• Yawan mutane	2,290.88 mazaunan/km²
Labarin ƙasa
Bangare na	Q22117180
Yawan fili	97.73 km²
Wuri a ina ko kusa da wace teku	Rhine (en) da Main (mul)
Altitude (en)	94 m
Sun raba iyaka da	Mainz-Bingen (mul) Wiesbaden Landkreis Groß-Gerau (mul) Nieder-Olm (en)
Bayanan tarihi
Mabiyi	Mogontiacum (mul)
Ƙirƙira	12 "BCE"
Muhimman sha'ani	Siege of Mainz (en) Battle of Mainz (en) Siege of Mainz (en) Siege of Mainz (en) Siege of Mainz (en)
Tsarin Siyasa
• Gwamna	Nino Haase (mul) (22 ga Maris, 2023)
Bayanan Tuntuɓa
Lambar aika saƙo	55116–55131 da 55001–55131
Tsarin lamba ta kiran tarho	06131 da 06136
NUTS code	DEB35
German regional key (en)	073150000000
German municipality key (en)	07315000
Wasu abun
Yanar gizo	mainz.de

Mainz, wanda aka sani da Ingilishi a matsayin Mentz ko Mayence, babban birni ne kuma birni mafi girma na Rhineland-Palatinate, Jamus. Mainz yana gefen hagu na Rhine, gabanin wurin da Main ya haɗu da Rhine. A kasa da mahaɗar, Rhine yana kwararowa zuwa arewa maso yamma, tare da Mainz a gefen hagu, da Wiesbaden, babban birnin jihar Hesse mai makwabtaka, a bankin dama. Mainz birni ne mai zaman kansa mai yawan jama'a 219,501 kuma ya zama wani yanki na Yankin Babban Birni na Frankfurt Rhine-Main . Romawa ne suka kafa Mainz a karni na 1 BC a matsayin sansanin soja a kan iyakar arewa mafi kusa da daular da babban birnin lardin Germania Superior. Mainz ya zama muhimmin birni a karni na 8 miladiyya a matsayin wani bangare na Daular Rome mai tsarki, babban birnin Zabe na Mainz kuma wurin zama na Archbishop-Elector na Mainz, Primate na Jamus. Mainz ya shahara a matsayin wurin haifuwar Johannes Gutenberg, wanda ya kirkiri na'urar bugu mai motsi, wanda a farkon shekarun 1450 ya kera litattafansa na farko a cikin birni, gami da Gutenberg Bible. Mainz ta sami rauni sosai a yakin duniya na biyu; sama da hare-haren sama 30 sun lalata yawancin gine-ginen tarihi a tsakiyar birnin, amma da yawa an sake gina su bayan yakin. Mainz sananne ne a matsayin tashar sufuri, don samar da giya, da kuma gine-ginen tarihi da yawa da aka sake ginawa. Daya daga cikin garuruwan ShUM, Mainz da makabartar Yahudawa wani bangare ne na Cibiyar Tarihi ta UNESCO.

Mainz tana a arewacin iyakar Upper Rhine Plain, a gefen hagu na Rhine. Ita ce birni mafi girma a Hesse" id="mwLw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Rhenish Hesse">Rhenish Hesse, yankin Rhineland-Palatinate wanda a tarihi ya kasance wani ɓangare na Hesse, kuma yana daya daga cikin manyan yankunan ruwan inabi na Jamus saboda yanayin sa mai sauƙi. Mainz an haɗa shi da Frankfurt da Main ta hanyar tsarin saurin zirga-zirga na Rhine-Main S-Bahn. Kafin 1945, Mainz tana da yankuna shida a wancan gefen Rhine (duba: de: Rechtsrheinische Stadtteile von Mainz). An haɗa uku cikin Wiesbaden (duba: de:AKK-Konflikt), kuma uku yanzu suna da 'yanci.Mainz an kafa ta ne a matsayin Castrum Mogontiacum ta hanyar janar na Roman Nero Claudius Drusus a ƙarni na 1 BC a kan iyakar arewacin Daular Romawa, kuma ta zama babban birnin lardin Roma na Germania Superior . Franks ne suka zauna a birnin daga 459 zuwa gaba, kuma a cikin karni na 8 ya zama muhimmiyar birni a cikin Daular Romawa Mai Tsarki, a matsayin babban birnin Electorate na Mainz da wurin zama na Archbishop-Elector na Mainz, firaministan Jamus. Mainz Cathedral na ɗaya daga cikin majami'u uku na Rhenish Imperial tare da Speyer Cathedral da Worms Cathedral . Tun karni na 12, Mainz na ɗaya daga cikin biranen ShUM - ƙungiyar da biranen Speyer, Worms da Mainz suka kafa - waɗanda ake kira tushen rayuwar Yahudawa na Ashkenazi kuma a matsayin cibiyar rayuwar Yahudawa a zamanin da.[de] Al'adun Yahudawa na waɗannan biranen suna daga cikin nau'ikan, kuma an ayyana su a matsayin Gidan Tarihin Duniya na UNESCO na "ShUM Sites of Speyer, Worms and Mainz". [1][de] Mainz ita ce wurin haihuwar Johannes Gutenberg, wanda ya kirkiro na'urar buga takardu kuma ya gabatar da buga takardu a Turai, ya fara yaduwar na'urar bugawa a duniya. Mainz ta lalace sosai a yakin duniya na biyu; sama da hare-haren iska 30 sun lalata kusan rabin tsohon garin a tsakiyar gari, amma an sake gina gine-gine da yawa bayan yakin.Kamar yawancin biranen Rhineland, Mainz tana gudanar da bukukuwan carnival masu yawa, waɗanda aka sani da na biyu mafi muhimmanci a Jamus, bayan bukukuwan a Cologne. Garin Lerchenberg shine wurin zama na ZDF (Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen, lit. "Telebijin na Jamus na biyu"), mai watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin na jama'a na biyu, da kuma 3sat, wani mai watsa shirye'ar talabijin, wanda masu watsa shirye-aikacen jama'a daga Jamus (ARD da ZDF), Austria (ORF), da Switzerland (SRG SSR) ke aiki tare.

Wannan Muƙalar guntuwa ce: tana buƙatar a inganta ta, kuna iya gyara ta.

Sunayen da kuma asalin

Kodayake birnin yana gaban bakin Main, sunan Mainz ba daga Main ba ne, ana iya ƙarfafa kamanceceniya ta hanyar sake nazarin ilimin gargajiya. Main ya fito ne daga Latin Moenis (kuma Moenus ko Menus), sunan da Romawa suka yi amfani da shi don kogi. Binciken Harshe na siffofi da yawa da sunan "Mainz" ya ɗauka ya bayyana a fili cewa sauƙaƙe ne na Mogontiacum.[1] Sunan ya bayyana a matsayin Celtic, [2] kodayake ya zama Roman kuma sun zaba shi da muhimmancin musamman. Sojojin Romawa da ke kare Gallia sun karbi allahn Gallic Mogons (Mogounus, Moguns, Mogonino), don ma'anar abin da ke ba da zaɓuɓɓuka guda biyu: "babban", kama da Latin magnus, wanda aka yi amfani da shi wajen fadada sunaye kamar Alexander Magnus, "Alexander the Great" da Pompeius magnus, 'Pompey the Great", ko allahn "iyawu" wanda aka kwatanta kamar yadda ya bayyana a cikin matasa bayin ko mai daraja ko haihuwa ba shi da daraja.[lower-alpha 1]Mainz has a number of different names in other languages and dialects. In Latin it is known as Mogontiacum (la) or Moguntiacum and, in the local Hessian dialect, it is Määnz de or Meenz de. It is known as Mayence fr in French, Magonza it[1] in Italian, Maguncia es in Spanish, Mogúncia pt in Portuguese, Moguncja pl in Polish, Magentza (מגנצא) in Hebrew, and Mohuč in Czech and Slovak (cs).[2]Mainz tana kan latitude na 50 a arewa, a gefen hagu na Rhine . [1][2] Gabashin birnin yana adawa da inda Main ya fada ciki.[1] Ya zuwa 2021, yawan jama'a ya kai 217,272. [1] Birnin yana daga cikin yankin FrankfurtRheinMain na mutane miliyan 5.9.[3] Za'a iya isa Mainz cikin sauƙi daga Filin jirgin saman Frankfurt a cikin minti 30 ta hanyar jirgin kasa ko jiragen kasa na yanki RE 2 RE 3 RB 31.[4]tashar jiragen ruwa ta Mainz tana kan Rhine kuma saboda haka a daya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin ruwa a Jamus.[1] Cibiyar tashar jiragen ruwa tana arewacin tsakiyar gari.[1]Bayan zamanin kankara na ƙarshe, an ajiye dunes na yashi a cikin kwarin Rhine a abin da zai zama gefen yammacin birnin. Yankin Mainz Sand Dunes yanzu ya zama wurin ajiyar yanayi tare da wuri na musamman da tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa ga wannan yanki.[1][2]Yayinda aka kafa sansanin rundunar sojojin Mainz a cikin 13/12 BC a kan tudun Kästrich, an gina vici da canabae (ƙauyuka na farar hula) zuwa Rhine. Tushen tarihi da binciken archaeological duk sun tabbatar da muhimmancin soja da farar hula Mogontiacum a matsayin tashar jiragen ruwa a kan Rhine.[1]Ginin Romawa ko castrum Mogontiacum, wanda ya riga ya zama Mainz, Janar na Romawa Drusus ne ya kafa shi, watakila tun farkon 13/12 BC. Kamar yadda Suetonius ya ba da labarin wanzuwar Mogontiacum an kafa shi sosai bayan shekaru huɗu (labari na mutuwar da jana'izar Nero Claudius Drusus).Mogontiacum wani muhimmin gari ne na soja a duk lokacin Romawa, mai yiwuwa saboda matsayinsa na dabarun a mahaɗar Main da Rhine.[1] Garin Mogontiacum ya girma tsakanin sansanin da kogi. Castrum shine tushen Legio XIV Gemina da XVI Gallica (AD 9-43), XXII Primigenia, IV Macedonica (43-70), I Adiutrix (70-88), XXI Rapax (70-89), da XIV Gemina (70-92), da sauransu. Mainz kuma tushe ne na jirgin ruwa na Roman, Classis Germanica . An gano ragowar jiragen ruwa na sojojin Romawa (navis lusoria) da jirgin sintiri daga ƙarshen karni na 4 a cikin 1982/1986 kuma yanzu ana iya kallon su a Gidan Tarihi na Tsohon Jirgin Ruwa. An gano haikalin da aka keɓe ga Isis Panthea da Magna Mater a cikin 2000 kuma yana buɗewa ga jama'a.[2] Birnin shine babban birnin lardin Germania Superior, kuma yana da wani muhimmin abin tunawa na jana'izar da aka keɓe ga Drusus, wanda mutane suka yi aikin hajji don bikin shekara-shekara daga nesa kamar Lyon. Daga cikin shahararrun gine-gine akwai gidan wasan kwaikwayo mafi girma a arewacin Alps da gada a fadin Rhine. Birnin kuma shine wurin kisan Sarkin sarakuna Severus Alexander a cikin 235.Sojojin Alemanni a karkashin Rando sun kori birnin a cikin 368. Daga ranar ƙarshe ta 405 [1] ko 406, Siling da Asding Vandals, Suebi, Alans, da sauran kabilun Jamusanci sun haye Rhine, watakila a Mainz. Tarihin Kirista sun ba da labarin cewa Alemannian Crocus ne ya kashe bishop, Aureus.[2]A duk lokacin da aka sauya lokaci, ba a taɓa watsar da castrum na Romawa ba a matsayin shigarwar soja, wanda shine shaida ga hukuncin soja na Romawa. An gina gine-gine daban-daban a can a lokuta daban-daban. Ginin na yanzu ya samo asali ne a cikin 1660, amma ya maye gurbin sansanonin da suka gabata. An yi amfani da shi a yakin duniya na biyu . Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da aka gani a cikin birni har yanzu shine cenotaph da sojoji suka ɗaga don tunawa da janar din su, Drusus . [1]A cikin karni na 4, Alemans sun mamaye unguwar Mogontiacum sau da yawa.[1] A cikin 357, Sarkin sarakuna Julian ya 'yantar da birnin.[1] Sarkin sarakuna na karshe da ya sanya sojoji a hidimar daular yamma a Mainz shine Valentinian III (ya yi sarauta 425-455), wanda ya dogara sosai ga Magister militum per Gallias, Flavius Aëtius . A cikin 451, Huns na Attila sun kori birnin.[1]Franks daga tsakiyar da yankin Rhine sun dauki Mainz jim kadan kafin 460. [1] Bayan faduwar Daular Romawa ta Yamma a cikin 476, Franks a ƙarƙashin mulkin Clovis na sami iko a yammacin Turai a shekara ta 496.[2] Clovis, ɗan Childeric, ya zama sarkin Salians a cikin 481, yana mulki daga Tournai.[3] Ya tuba daga arna zuwa Kiristancin Katolika.[3] Theudebert I ( 500-547 ko 548) ya sanya Sidonius (bishop of Mainz) [de] [de] a matsayin bishop na Mainz. [4][5] Dagobert I (605/603-639) ya karfafa ganuwar Mainz.[6]Charlemagne (768-814), ta hanyar yaƙe-yaƙe da yawa da aka yi da wasu kabilun, ya gina babbar daular Frank a Turai. Mainz daga wurin da yake a tsakiya ya zama mahimmanci ga daular da Kristanci.[1] A halin yanzu, canjin harshe yana aiki a hankali don raba Franks.Bayan mutuwar Charlemagne, an fara yin bambance-bambance tsakanin Faransa da Jamus.[1][2] Rhine kusan ya kafa iyakar yankunansu, inda aka sanya manyan biranen bishops guda uku na Mainz, Worms da Speyer tare da yankunansu a hagu na Rhine zuwa Gabashin Francia.[3][4]A farkon Zamanin Tsakiya, Mainz ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a Kiristanci na mutanen Jamus da Slavic. An kashe babban bishop na farko a Mainz, Boniface, a shekara ta 754 yayin da yake ƙoƙarin juyar da Frisians zuwa Kiristanci kuma an binne shi a Fulda.[1] An kafa babban bishop na Mainz a cikin 781 lokacin da Paparoma Adrian I ya ba magajin Boniface Lullus pallium.[2] A cikin tarihi, Archbishops na Mainz sun rike manyan mukamai, gami da zama archchancellors na Daular Romawa Mai Tsarki. Musamman, Roman Catholic Diocese na Mainz na musamman ne saboda shi ne kawai diocese a duniya tare da wani episcopal gani da ake kira Holy See (sancta sedes).A cikin 1244, Archbishop Siegfried III ya ba Mainz wata yarjejeniyar birni, yana bawa 'yan ƙasa damar kafawa da zabar majalisa.[1] A shekara ta 1461, rikici tsakanin manyan bishops guda biyu, Diether von Isenburg da Adolf II von Nassau, ya haifar da tashin hankali a cikin birni. Bayan harin da Archbishop Adolf ya kai a Mainz a shekara ta 1462, an kori ko kuma an daure wadanda suka yi adawa da shi, ciki har da Johannes Gutenberg. Daga ƙarshe, bayan mutuwar Archbishop Adolf II, an sake dawo da Diether von Isenburg a matsayin Archbishop na Mainz, wanda babi ya zaba kuma Paparoma ya nada shi.[2]Al'ummar Yahudawa na Mainz sun samo asali ne daga karni na 10 AZ. An san shi da ilimin addini. Rabbi Gershom ben Judah (960-1040) ya koyar a can, da sauransu.[1] Ya mai da hankali kan nazarin Talmud, ya kirkiro al'adar Yahudawa ta Jamus. Mainz kuma ita ce gidan almara na shahadar Rabbi Amnon na Mainz, cewa abun da ke cikin addu'ar Unetanneh Tokef an danganta shi da shi.[2] Daga ƙarshen ƙarni na 12 malamai sun haɗu a cikin majalisa.[3]Birnin Mainz ya amsa ga yawan Yahudawa a hanyoyi da yawa, yana nuna hali a cikin hanyar da ba ta dace ba a gare su. Wani lokaci ana ba su 'yanci kuma ana kare su; a wasu lokuta, ana tsananta musu. An kai wa Yahudawa hari a cikin Kisan kiyashi na Rhineland na 1096 da kuma taron jama'a a cikin 1283. [1] An kori Yahudawa a cikin 1438, 1462 (bayan haka aka gayyace su dawo), kuma a cikin 1470.[2] Ana yawan zargi yaduwar Black Death ga Yahudawa, a wannan lokacin an kashe su, kamar kisan Yahudawa 6000 a cikin 1349.[3]A waje da tsakiyar birni na zamani, akwai makabartar Yahudawa, tare da sama da duwatsu 1500 daga ƙarni na 11 zuwa 19. [1] Dutsen kabari na farko da aka sani ya kasance daga 1062 ko 1063, kuma waɗannan kaburbura na farko sun yi kama da waɗanda aka samo a Italiya a ƙarni na 8-9th.[1]A lokacin Juyin Juya Halin Faransa, sojojin juyin juya hali na Faransa sun mamaye Mainz a cikin shekara ta 1792; Babban Bishop-zaɓe na Mainz, Friedrich Karl Josef von Erthal, ya riga ya gudu zuwa Aschaffenburg a lokacin da Faransanci suka shiga. A ranar 18 ga Maris 1793, Jacobins na Mainz, tare da wasu 'yan Democrat na Jamus daga kimanin garuruwa 130 a cikin Rhenish Palatinate, sun ayyana "Jamhuriyar Mainz". A karkashin jagorancin Georg Forster, wakilan Jamhuriyar Mainz a Paris sun nemi alakar siyasa ta Jamhuriwar Mainz da Faransa, amma sun makara: Prussia ba ta farin ciki da ra'ayin mulkin demokraɗiyya mai 'yanci a ƙasar Jamus ba (ko da yake Faransa da ke mamaye Mainz ba ta da' yanci ko dimokuradiyya). Sojojin Prussia sun riga sun mamaye yankin kuma sun kewaye Mainz a ƙarshen Maris 1793. Bayan kewaye na makonni 18, sojojin Faransa a Mainz sun mika wuya a ranar 23 ga Yuli 1793; Prussians sun mamaye birnin kuma sun kawo karshen Jamhuriyar Mainz. Ya zo ne a Yaƙin Mainz a cikin 1795 tsakanin Austria da Faransa. An yi wa mambobin kungiyar Mainz Jacobin Club mummunan rauni ko kuma an ɗaure su kuma an hukunta su saboda cin amana.[1]A shekara ta 1797, Faransanci sun dawo. Sojojin Napoleon Bonaparte sun mamaye yankin Jamus a yammacin Rhine, kuma Yarjejeniyar Campo Formio ta ba Faransa wannan yanki duka, da farko a matsayin Jamhuriyar Cisrhenian. A ranar 17 ga Fabrairu 1800, an kafa Département du Mont-Tonnerre na Faransa a nan, tare da Mainz a matsayin babban birninta, Rhine shine sabon iyakar gabashin la Grande Nation. Austria da Prussia ba za su iya amincewa da wannan sabon iyaka da Faransa a cikin 1801. Koyaya, bayan shan kashi da yawa a Turai a lokacin Yaƙin Ƙungiyar ta shida, Napoleon da ya raunana da dakarunsa sun bar Mainz a watan Mayu na shekara ta 1814. [1]A cikin 1816, an ba da ɓangaren tsohon Sashen Faransa wanda aka sani a yau da Rhenish Hesse (Jamusanci: ) ga Hesse-Darmstadt, Mainz shine babban birnin sabon lardin Hessian na Rhenish Resse. Daga 1816 zuwa 1866, wani ɓangare na Tarayyar Jamus, Mainz ita ce mafi mahimmancin sansani a cikin tsaron Faransa, kuma tana da dakarun Austrian, Prussian da Bavarian. [1]A yammacin ranar 18 ga Nuwamba 1857, babban fashewa ya girgiza Mainz lokacin da mujallar foda ta gari, Pulverturm, ta fashe. Kimanin mutane 150 ne suka mutu kuma akalla 500 sun ji rauni; an lalata gine-gine 57 kuma irin wannan adadi ya lalace sosai a cikin abin da za a sani da Fashewar Hasumiyar Powder ko Fashewar Powder . [1] [2][3]A lokacin yakin Austro-Prussian a 1866, an ayyana Mainz a matsayin yanki mai tsaka-tsaki.[1][2] Bayan kafa Daular Jamus a 1871, Mainz ba ta da mahimmanci, saboda a cikin Yaƙin Franco-Prussian Faransa ta rasa yankin Alsace-Lorraine ga Jamus (wanda Faransa ta mamaye bit da bit daga 1630 zuwa 1795), kuma wannan ya bayyana sabon iyaka tsakanin ƙasashe biyu.[3]Shekaru da yawa, mazaunan sansanin Mainz sun sha wahala daga matsanancin karancin sarari wanda ya haifar da cututtuka da sauran matsaloli. A shekara ta 1872, Magajin garin Carl Wallau da majalisar Mainz sun shawo kan gwamnatin soja don sanya hannu kan kwangila don fadada birnin. Da farko a 1874, birnin Mainz ya haɗu da Gartenfeld, wani yanki mai ban sha'awa na ciyawa da filaye a bakin kogin Rhine zuwa arewacin bangon.[1] Yaduwar birni ya ninka fiye da sau biyu yankin birni wanda ya ba Mainz damar shiga cikin Juyin Juya Halin Masana'antu wanda a baya ya guje wa birnin shekaru da yawa.[1]daga]-mw='{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"interlanguage link","href":"./Template:Interlanguage_link"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"Eduard Kreyßig"},"2":{"wt":"de"}},"i":0}}]}' -mw-i18n='{"title":{"lang":"x-page","key":"red-link-title","params":["Eduard Kreyßig"]}}' data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" href="./Eduard_Kreyßig?action=edit&redlink=1" id="mwApY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Eduard Kreyßig" typeof="mw:Transclusion mw:LocalizedAttrs">Eduard Kreyßig [de] shine mutumin da ya sa wannan ya faru.[1] Da yake ya kasance babban mai gina birnin Mainz tun 1865, Kreyßig yana da hangen nesa ga sabon ɓangaren garin, Neustadt . [1] Ya kuma shirya tsarin shara na farko don tsohuwar garin tun zamanin Roman kuma ya shawo kan gwamnatin birni don sake komawa layin dogo daga gefen Rhine zuwa ƙarshen yammacin garin. An gina Babban tashar daga 1882 zuwa 1884 bisa ga tsare-tsaren Philipp Johann Berdellé [de]. [de][2]Kreyßig ya gina gine-ginen jama'a da yawa, gami da zauren gari na Mainz - wanda shine mafi girma a irin sa a Jamus a wannan lokacin - da kuma majami'a, tashar jiragen ruwa ta Rhine da kuma wanka da yawa na jama'a le gine-ginan makaranta.[1][2] Ayyukan karshe na Kreyßig shine Ikilisiyar Kristi (Christuskirche), cocin Furotesta mafi girma a cikin birni kuma gini na farko da aka gina kawai don amfani da ikilisiyar Furotesta.[3] A cikin 1905 an rushe dukkan kewaye da Rheingauwall, bisa ga umarnin mulkin mallaka na Wilhelm II.[4]A lokacin Juyin Juya Halin Jamus na 1918 an kafa Majalisar Ma'aikata da Sojoji ta Mainz wacce ta gudanar da birnin daga 9 ga Nuwamba har zuwa isowar sojojin Faransa a karkashin sharuddan mamaye Rhineland da aka amince da ita a cikin Armistice. Yarjejeniyar Versailles ta tabbatar da mamayar Faransa wacce ta fara aiki a ranar 28 ga Yuni 1919. Rhineland (inda Mainz ke ciki) zai zama yanki mai zaman kansa har zuwa 1935 kuma sojojin Faransa, waɗanda ke wakiltar Triple Entente, za su zauna har sai an biya fansa.[1]A cikin 1923 Mainz ta shiga cikin ƙungiyar 'yan tawaye ta Rhineland wacce ta ayyana Jamhuriyar Rhenish . [1] Ya rushe a shekara ta 1924. [1] Faransanci sun janye a ranar 30 ga Yuni 1930.[1] Adolf Hitler ya zama shugaban Jamus a watan Janairun 1933 kuma abokan adawarsa na siyasa, musamman na Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party, an tsare su ko kuma an kashe su.[2] Wasu sun sami damar ƙaura daga Mainz a cikin lokaci.[2] Ɗaya daga cikin su shine mai shirya siyasa na SPD, Friedrich Kellner, wanda ya tafi Laubach, inda, a matsayin babban mai binciken shari'a na kotun gundumar, ya ci gaba da adawa da Nazis ta hanyar yin rikodin ayyukansu a cikin littafin rubutu mai shafi 900.[3][4]A watan Maris na shekara ta 1933, wani sashi daga Jam'iyyar National Socialist Party a Worms ya kawo jam'iyyar zuwa Mainz. Sun ɗaga swastika a kan dukkan gine-ginen jama'a kuma sun fara sukar yawan Yahudawa a cikin jaridu. A cikin 1936, Nazis An sake yin amfani da Rhineland tare da babban fanfare, matakin farko na fadadawar Nazi Jamus. Tsohon Triple Entente bai dauki mataki ba.[1]A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu birni a Mainz ya karbi bakuncin Oflag XII-B fursunonin yaki.[1] Har ila yau, garin ya kasance wurin sansanoni huɗu na sansanin Hinzert, galibi ga fursunonin Luxembourg, Polish, Dutch da Soviet, amma kuma Belgian, Faransanci da Italiyanci.[2]A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, hare-haren iska da yawa sun lalata kusan kashi 80 cikin 100 na tsakiyar birnin, gami da mafi yawan gine-ginen tarihi.[1] An kama Mainz a ranar 22 ga Maris 1945 [1] a kan rashin daidaito na juriya na Jamus (wanda ya tsaya a wasu sassa kuma ya raunana a wasu sassan birnin) ta hanyar 90th Infantry Division a karkashin William A. McNulty, kafa rundunar soja ta XII a karkashin Sojoji na Uku karkashin umurnin Janar George S. Patton Jr. [2]Daga 1945 zuwa 1949, birnin ya kasance wani ɓangare na yankin Faransa na zama. Lokacin da kwamandan sojojin Faransa ya kafa jihar Rhineland-Palatinate a ranar 30 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1946 a yankin mamayar Faransa Marie Pierre Kœnig, Mainz ya zama babban birnin sabuwar jihar.[1] A shekara ta 1962, marubucin jarida, Friedrich Kellner, ya dawo ya shafe shekarunsa na ƙarshe a Mainz. Rayuwarsa a Mainz, da tasirin rubuce-rubuce, shine batun shirin Kanada My Opposition: The Diaries of Friedrich Kellner . [2],A zamanin yau al'ummar Yahudawa suna girma cikin sauri, kuma an gina sabon majami'a ta hanyar masanin gine-gine Manuel Herz a cikin 2010 a shafin wanda Nazis suka lalata a Kristallnacht a cikin 1938. [1] [2][3] Ya zuwa 2021, al'ummar Yahudawa Mainz tana da mambobi 985. [4]A yau Sojojin Amurka Turai da Afirka kawai suna zaune a McCulley Barracks a Wackernheim da Mainz Sand Dunes a matsayin wuraren horo. Mainz ita ce hedkwatar Bundeswehr's Landeskommando Rhineland-Palatinate [de] da sauran raka'a.[1]

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