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Masallacin Atiq, Awjila

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Masallacin Atiq, Awjila
Wuri
Ƴantacciyar ƙasaLibya
District of Libya (en) FassaraAl Wahat District (en) Fassara
GariAwjila (en) Fassara
Coordinates 29°07′39″N 21°17′28″E / 29.127464°N 21.291016°E / 29.127464; 21.291016
Map

Masallacin Atiq[lower-alpha 1] (ana kuma kiransa Babban Masallacin, ko masallacin al-Kabir) (Larabci: عتیق مسجد) masallaci ne a ƙauyen Oji na Awjila, a cikin saharar yankin Cyrenaica da ke gabashin Libya. Al'umma ta faro ne tun zamanin da. Tun lokacin da Larabawa suka karbe shi a karni na bakwai, Musulunci ya kasance yana taka rawar gani a rayuwar Awjila. Masallacin na ƙarni na 12, mafi tsufa a yankin, yana da gidaje masu banƙyama waɗanda aka yi da mudbrick da farar ƙasa wanda ke ba da haske da iska.

Wuri

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Awjila da gabar da ke kusa da gabar Jalu sun kebe, garuruwa daya tilo da ke kan babbar hanyar hamada tsakanin Ajdabiya, kilomita 250 (160 mi) zuwa arewa maso yamma, da Kufra, kilomita 625 (388 mi) zuwa kudu maso gabas.[1] Oasis yana samar da kwanan wata mai inganci.[2] Mutanen da ke gabar tekun galibi Berber ne, kuma wasu har yanzu suna magana da asalin asalin Berber. Ya zuwa shekarar 2005 yaren Awjila yana cikin haɗari sosai.[3] Masallacin yana cikin tsohon garin yankin na Awjila.[1]

Tarihi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Larabawa sun fara kamfen kan Daular Byzantine jim kaɗan bayan Muhammad ya mutu a shekara ta 632, da sauri suka mamaye Siriya, Farisa da Misira. Bayan sun mamaye Alexandria a shekara ta 643, sai suka ratsa tekun Bahar Rum na Afirka, suka ɗauki Cyrenaica a 644, Tripolitania a 646 da Fezzan a 663.[4] Sidi 'Abdullāh ibn Sa'ad ibn Abī as-Sarḥ ne ya mamaye yankin da ke kusa da Awjila.[2] An kafa kabarinsa a Awjila wajajen 650.[5][lower-alpha 2]

Rufin Masallacin Atiq

Bayan gabatarwa a karni na bakwai, Addinin Islama koyaushe ya kasance babban tasiri ga rayuwar masarautar. Marubucin tarihin Larabawa Al-Bakri ya ce tuni akwai masallatai da dama a kusa da gabar dajin a karni na 11.[6] Farawa a cikin 1960s, masana'antar mai ta haifar da ci gaba a ƙauyen mai bacci sau ɗaya.[7] Zuwa 1968, yawan ƙauyen ya ƙaru zuwa kusan mutane 2,000, kuma a 1982 ya tashi sama da 4,000, waɗanda masallatai goma sha biyu ke tallafawa.[8]

Tsarin

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Babban Masallacin Atiq shine tsohon masallaci a yankin.[9] Ginin yanzu yana zuwa karni na 12.[10] An sake dawo da shi a cikin 1980s.[1] Oasis ya kasance wurin da za a kalli husufin rana na 29 Maris 2006, kuma an sake gyara masallacin a shirye-shiryen baƙi.[11]

Akwai madogara ta itacen dabino a kowane gefen ƙofar shiga masallacin.[11] Ginin tubalin laka wanda ba a saba gani ba ya mamaye yanki na murabba'in mita 400 (4,300 sq ft) kuma an rufe shi da gidaje masu kwalliya guda 21 waɗanda aka yi da tubalin laka da farar ƙasa. Kowane dome yana da ƙananan ƙofofi don haske ya shiga cikin ginin. Gidaje kuma suna aiki don kiyaye yanayin cikin gida, suna samar da wani nau'i na kwandishan yanayi.[9]

Bangunan suna da santimita 40 (16 a ciki). Kofofin tara sun shiga cikin cikin ginin, inda ginshiƙai da baka da yawa ke haifar da faɗi, haske, sanyi da kwanciyar hankali.[1] Kusa da mihrab akwai mahimmin juji na minbar, inda liman yake tsaye. Masallatai a kasashen Larabawa da Gabashin Afirka suna da irin wannan adon, wanda ke iya nuna cewa masu ginin masallacin sun bi makarantar Ibadi ta Islama.[10]

Manazarta

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Ham 2007, p. 132.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Awjila: Libyan Tourism.
  3. ↑ Batibo 2005, p. 77.
  4. ↑ Falola, Morgan & Oyeniyi 2012, p. 14.
  5. ↑ Mason 1974, p. 396.
  6. ↑ Mason 1974, p. 395.
  7. ↑ Mason 1982, p. 323.
  8. ↑ Mason 1982, p. 322.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Awjila: MVM Travel.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Petersen 2002, p. 166.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Atiq Mosque: Atlas Obscura.
  • "Atiq Mosque: Early Islamic mosque with several strange conical domes". Atlasobscura.com. Retrieved 9 March 2013.
  • "Awjila". Libyan Tourism Directory. Archived from the original on 11 April 2013. Retrieved 7 March 2013.
  • "Awjila". MVM Travel. Archived from the original on 2 September 2019. Retrieved 24 March 2012.
  • Batibo, Herman (2005). Language Decline And Death in Africa: Causes, Consequences And Challenges. Multilingual Matters. ISBN 978-1-85359-808-1.
  • Chandra, Satish (1986). International Protection of Minorities. Mittal Publications. GGKEY:L2U7JG58SWT. Retrieved 24 March 2013.
  • Falola, Toyin; Morgan, Jason; Oyeniyi, Bukola Adeyemi (2012). Culture and Customs of Libya. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-0-313-37859-1.
  • Ham, Anthony (1 August 2007). Libya. Ediz. Inglese. Lonely Planet. p. 132. ISBN 978-1-74059-493-6.
  • Mason, John Paul (October 1974). "Saharan Saints: Sacred Symbols or Empty Forms?". Anthropological Quarterly. The George Washington University Institute for Ethnographic Research. 47 (4): 390–405. doi:10.2307/3316606. JSTOR 3316606.
  • Mason, John P. (Summer 1982). "Qadhdhafi's "Revolution" and Change in a Libyan Oasis Community". Middle East Journal. Middle East Institute. 36 (3): 319–335. JSTOR 4326424.
  • Petersen, Andrew (11 March 2002). Dictionary of Islamic Architecture. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-203-20387-3.
  1. ↑ The name "Atiq Mosque" means "Old mosque".
  2. ↑ A modern structure has since replaced Abdullah ibn Saad's original tomb.[1]
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