Motsawar zamantakewar tattalin arziki a Amurka
 Socio-economic mobility in the United States | ||||
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aspect in a geographic region (en)  | ||||
| Bayanai | ||||
| Ƙasa | Tarayyar Amurka | |||
| Wuri | ||||
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Motsi na zamantakewar al'umma a Amurka yana nufin tashi ko sabka motsi na Amirkawa daga wani aji na zamantakewa ko matakin tattalin arziki zuwa wani,[1] ta hanyar canje-canjen aiki, gado, aure, haɗin gwiwa, canjin haraji, ƙididdigewa, ayyukan da ba bisa ka'ida ba, aiki tuƙuru, lobbying. , sa'a, canjin lafiya ko wasu dalilai.
Bayanai
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wannan motsi na iya zama canji a matsayin zamantakewar zamantakewa tsakanin iyaye da yara ("tsakanin tsararraki"); ko kuma tsawon rayuwar mutum ("intra-generational"). Motsi na zamantakewar al'umma yawanci yana nufin "motsi na dangi", damar cewa samun kudin shiga na mutum ɗaya na Amurka ko matsayin zamantakewa zai tashi ko faɗuwa idan aka kwatanta da sauran Amurkawa, amma kuma yana iya komawa zuwa "cikakkiyar motsi", dangane da canje-canje a matsayin rayuwa a Amurka.[2]
Yawancin bincike sun gano cewa motsi tsakanin tsararraki yana da ƙasa a cikin Amurka fiye da wasu ƙasashen Turai, musamman ƙasashen Nordic.[3][4] Amurka tana matsayi na 27 a duniya a cikin 2020 Global Mobility Index.[5]
Sananniyar Fahimta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Yawancin Amirkawa sun yi imani da cewa Amurka ita ce "Ƙasa na Dama" da ke ba kowane yaro dama daidai a motsi na zamantakewa da motsin tattalin arziki. Tunanin Amurkawa sun tashi daga asalin ƙasƙantattu zuwa arziƙi ana kiran su da "addini na farar hula",[6] "tushen da aka ɗora labarin Amurka",[7] da kuma wani ɓangare na asalin Amurka (Mafarkin Amurka[8]) An yi bikin wannan jigon a cikin rayuwar shahararrun Amirkawa irin su Benjamin Franklin da Henry Ford,[9] da kuma a cikin shahararrun al'adu (daga littattafan Horatio Alger da Norman Vincent Peale zuwa waƙar. "Movin' on Up" [10]).
A halin yanzu
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An kiyasta alaƙar kuɗin shiga na iyaye da kuɗin shiga na 'ya'yansu a Amurka tsakanin .4 da .6.[11]
Idan kudin shiga na iyaye ba shi da wani tasiri a kan damar yaro don motsi na gaba, kuma ba a danganta shi da wasu abubuwan da ke tasiri shi ba, kimanin kashi 20% na yara matalauta waɗanda suka fara a cikin ƙananan ƙananan (a cikin ƙasa 20% na yawan kudaden shiga na Amurka). ) zai kasance a can a matsayin matalauta manya. A ɗayan ƙarshen bakan kuɗin shiga, idan an haifi yara a cikin iyalai masu arziki a cikin kashi 20 cikin 100 na sama, kashi 20 ne kawai za su ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin wannan babban tsarin samun kuɗin shiga idan damar motsinsu ya yi daidai da kowane ɗayan yara a ƙasar.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Random House Unabridged Dictionary second edition
- ↑ Glossary" (PDF). Polity. Archived from the original on October 29, 2005. Retrieved March 12, 2024.
- ↑ Corak, Miles (May 2016). "Inequality from Generation to Generation: The United States in Comparison" (PDF). IZA Institute of Labor Economics
- ↑ Harder for Americans to Rise From Lower Rungs | By JASON DePARLE | January 4, 2012]
- ↑ The Global Social Mobility Report 2020" (PDF). World Economic Forum. January 2020.
- ↑ Harder for Americans to Rise From Lower Rungs | By JASON DePARLE | January 4, 2012]
- ↑ Economic Mobility: Is the American Dream Alive and Well? Archived May 3, 2012, at the Wayback Machine Economic Mobility Project| May 2007
- ↑ English grammar 4U online| "In general, the American Dream can be defined as being the opportunity and freedom for all citizens to achieve their goals and become rich and famous if only they work hard enough."
- ↑ Harder for Americans to Rise From Lower Rungs | By JASON DePARLE | January 4, 2012]
- ↑ theme song of the 1975–85 TV sitcom The Jeffersons
- ↑ Corak, Miles (August 1, 2013). "Income Inequality, Equality of Opportunity, and Intergenerational Mobility". Journal of Economic Perspectives. 27 (3): 79–102. doi:10.1257/jep.27.3.79. hdl:10419/80702. ISSN 0895-3309. S2CID 11052119.