Ohm

ohm
SI unit with special name (en) , UCUM derived unit (en) , SI derived unit (en) , unit of electric resistance (en) , unit of impedance (en) , unit of reactance (en) da unit of modulus of impedance (en)
Bayanai
Suna saboda	Georg Simon Ohm (mul)
Unit symbol (en)	Ом, Ω, Ω, Ω da Ω
Auna yawan jiki	electrical resistance (en) , impedance (en) , electric reactance (en) da modulus of impedance (en)
Derived from base unit (en)	Kilogram, Mita, sakan da ampere (en)

OHM (alama: Ω, babban harafin Helenanci omega) shine naúrar juriyar lantarki a cikin Tsarin Raka'a ta Duniya (SI). Sunan ta ne bayan masanin kimiyyar lissafi dan kasar Jamus Georg Ohm. An ɓullo da ma'auni daban-daban da aka samo asali na juriya na lantarki dangane da aikin telegraph na farko, kuma Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ci gaban Kimiyya ta Biritaniya ta ba da shawarar wata naúrar da aka samo daga raka'a na taro, tsayi da lokaci, kuma na ma'auni mai dacewa don aiki mai amfani tun da wuri. kamar 1861.

Bayan bita na 2019 na SI, wanda a cikinsa aka sake fasalin ampere da kilogiram cikin sharuddan mahimmanci, ohm yanzu kuma an ayyana shi azaman madaidaicin ƙima dangane da waɗannan madaidaitan.

Ma'anarsa

Ana ayyana ohm a matsayin juriya na lantarki tsakanin maki biyu na madugu lokacin da madaidaicin yuwuwar bambancin volt ɗaya (V), wanda aka yi amfani da shi akan waɗannan maki, ya samar a cikin madubin na yanzu na ampere ɗaya (A), jagoran ba shine wurin zama ba na kowane electromotive karfi.

Wadannan sun kunshi abubuwan da suka shafi OHM:

siemens (S), watt (W), second (s), farad (F), henry (H), weber (Wb), joule (J), coulomb (C), kilogram (kg), and meter (m).

A yawancin lokuta juriya na madugu yana kusan madaidaici a cikin takamaiman kewayon ƙarfin lantarki, yanayin zafi, da sauran sigogi. Waɗannan ana kiran su masu tsayayyar layi. A wasu lokuta juriya ya bambanta, kamar a cikin yanayin thermistor, wanda ke nuna dogaro mai ƙarfi na juriya da zafin jiki. A cikin Amurka, ana sauƙaƙa sauƙaƙan wasali sau biyu a cikin raka'o'in da aka riga aka kayyade "kiloohm" da "megaohm", suna samar da "kilohm" da "megohm". A madadin da'irori na yanzu, ana kuma auna impedance na lantarki a cikin ohms.

Tarihin sa

Yunƙurin haɓakar fasahar lantarki a cikin rabin ƙarshe na ƙarni na 19 ya haifar da buƙatu na ma'ana, daidaitacce, daidaito, da tsarin raka'a na ƙasashen duniya don adadin wutar lantarki. Masu yin telegraph da sauran masu amfani da wutar lantarki na farko a ƙarni na 19 sun buƙaci ma'auni mai amfani don juriya. An nuna juriya sau da yawa azaman juriya na tsayin tsayin wayoyi na telegraph; hukumomi daban-daban sun yi amfani da tushe daban-daban don ma'auni, don haka raka'a ba su da sauƙin musanya. Raka'o'in lantarki da aka ayyana ba tsarin da ya dace ba tare da raka'a don makamashi, taro, tsayi, da lokaci, suna buƙatar abubuwan da za a yi amfani da su a cikin lissafin da suka shafi makamashi ko ƙarfin juriya.

Ana iya zaɓar hanyoyi daban-daban guda biyu na kafa tsarin na'urorin lantarki. Za'a iya ƙayyade abubuwa daban-daban, kamar tsayin waya ko daidaitaccen kwayar halitta na lantarki, azaman samar da ƙayyadaddun adadi don juriya, ƙarfin lantarki, da sauransu. A madadin, na'urorin lantarki na iya kasancewa da alaƙa da na'urorin injina ta hanyar ma'anar, misali, naúrar halin yanzu da ke ba da ƙayyadaddun ƙarfi tsakanin wayoyi biyu, ko naúrar caji wanda ke ba da na'ura mai ƙarfi tsakanin cajin raka'a biyu. Wannan hanya ta ƙarshe tana tabbatar da daidaituwa tare da raka'a na makamashi. Ƙayyade raka'a don juriya wanda ya dace da raka'a na makamashi da lokacin aiki kuma yana buƙatar ayyana raka'a don yuwuwar da halin yanzu. Yana da kyawawa cewa raka'a ɗaya na ƙarfin lantarki zai tilasta raka'a ɗaya na wutar lantarki ta hanyar juriya ɗaya na lantarki, yin aiki ɗaya a cikin raka'a ɗaya, in ba haka ba, duk lissafin lantarki zai buƙaci abubuwan canzawa. Tun da ake kira "cikakkiyar" raka'a na caji da na yanzu ana bayyana su azaman haɗuwa na raka'a na taro, tsayi, da lokaci, nazarin ƙididdiga na dangantaka tsakanin yuwuwar, halin yanzu, da juriya ya nuna cewa ana nuna juriya a cikin raka'a na tsawon lokaci - wani gudu. Wasu ma'anoni na farko na naúrar juriya, alal misali, sun ayyana juriya na naúra a matsayin quadent ɗaya na duniya a sakan daya.