Retroflex click
| Retroflex nasal click | |
|---|---|
| Jãããã da kuma!! | |
| Ya yi haka!! | |
| Sanya__hau__ 'Yan wasa !! __hau____hau__ 'Yan wasa ne |
Latsawa retroflex iyali ne na ƙididdigar dannawa da aka sani kawai daga harshen Tsakiya ko yaren Namibia. Su ne sub-apical retroflex kuma bai kamata a rikita su da karin maɓallin post-veolar ba, wanda wani lokacin ana kiransa da kuskure "retroflex" (alal misali a cikin Unicode) saboda siffar harshensu.
Alamar 'a bayyane' a cikin Harshen Harshen Harkokin Kasa da Kasa wanda ke wakiltar furcin gaba na waɗannan sautuna shine ː (alama da aka yi amfani da ita don dannawar alveolar, tare da ƙugiya diacritic).[1] Koyaya, amfani da shi yana da wuya. A cikin wallafe-wallafen, Sanya!! rubuta maɓallin retroflex tare da ad hoc digraph Ō!!Tun lokacin da Doke ya bayyana su a matsayin retroflex a 1926. [2][3] (Alamar da aka gabatar da Doke, ba ta kama ba, kuma Vedder da Anders ba su kama ba. A wani lokaci Amanda Miller, Sanya ya lura da sakin layi na gefe (kamar yadda Vedder ya yi), ya rubuta su, tare da nau'in rubutun alamar da aka yi amfani da ita don dannawa na gefe. Wani nau'in fassarar da za a iya amfani da shi shi shine, tare da nau'in rubutun da aka yi amfani da shi don muryar retroflex na gefe. )
Sauke-sauke na retroflex suna da wuya sosai. Gaskiya retroflex dannawa yana faruwa a kalla a wasu yaruka na Tsakiya. Kalmomin al'adar Damin na Ostiraliya na iya samun muryar murya ta hanci, wanda Hale & Nash suka rubuta a matsayin Ōrn!An yi amfani da shi a matsayin mai SanyaAn Sanya ko ya bambanta da sauti ba. Koyaya, dannawar Damin mai yiwuwa ya nuna sassan sassan Lardil, wanda sassan "retroflex" suka janye apical alveolar maimakon retroflex na gaskiya, don haka mai yiwuwa za'a iya bayyana bambancin Damin a matsayin post-alveolar apical [ŋ̠́́́́] (́́rn!́́́) da kuma apical mai gaba [ŋ̪́] (́n!́́).
| Trans. Na | Trans. Na biyu | Trans. Na Uku | Bayyanawa |
|---|---|---|---|
| (velar) | |||
| SanyaYa ce:Sanya | SanyaYa ce:Sanya | SanyaSanyaSanya | tenuis retroflex danna |
| SanyaSanyaSanya | SanyaSanyaSanya | SanyaSanyaSanya | aspirated retroflex danna |
| SanyaAiki neSanya | SanyaAiki neSanya | SanyaSanyaSanya | murya retroflex danna |
| SanyaYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya | SanyaYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya | SanyaSanyaSanya | retroflex danna hanci |
| SanyaJIHHHSanya | SanyaJIHHHSanya | SanyaSanyaSanya | aspirated retroflex nasal click |
| SanyaYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya | SanyaYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya | SanyaYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya | glottalized retroflex nasal click |
| (uvular) | |||
| SanyaQIYASanya | SanyaSanyaSanya | tenuis retroflex danna | |
| SanyaQāSanya | SanyaSanyaSanya | aspirated retroflex danna | |
| SanyaSanyaSanya | SanyaSanyaSanya | murya retroflex danna | |
| SanyaSanyaSanya | SanyaSanyaSanya | retroflex danna hanci | |
| SanyaXi'aSanya | SanyaXi'aSanya | aspirated retroflex nasal click | |
| SanyaSanyaSanya | SanyaSanyaSanya | glottalized retroflex nasal click | |
Abubuwan da ke ciki[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Abubuwan da ke tattare da dannawar gidan waya:Template:Click manner
- The place of articulation is post-alveolar, and the tongue shape may be subapical, which means it is articulated with the tip of the tongue curled up. The center of the tongue moves downward to create suction.
- It is uncertain whether subapical postalveolar clicks have central or lateral airflow. However, central airflow is generally assumed.