Sha'ar HaGai
 Sha'ar HaGai | ||||
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thoroughfare (en)  da narrows (landform) (en) | ||||
| Bayanai | ||||
| Ƙasa | Isra'ila | |||
| Wuri | ||||
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Sha'ar HaGai (Ibrananci: שער הגיא), da Bab al-Wad ko Bab al-Wadi a Larabci (Ibrananci: באב אל-ואד, Larabci: باب الواد ko باب الوادي), lit. Ƙofar Kwarin a cikin harsunan biyu, wuri ne a kan babbar hanyar Tel Aviv-Jerusalem, mai nisan kilomita 23 daga Urushalima, inda hanyar ta fara haye ta cikin wani kwari mai zurfi da ke gefen tsaunin dutse mai tsayi, mai suna a cikin Larabci Wadi Ali.
Suna[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
An yi amfani da sunan Larabci Bab al-Wad, 'Ƙofar Kwarin', a cikin Ibrananci kuma, kamar yadda aka gani a cikin waƙar 1948, har sai bayan kafa Ƙasar Isra'ila da ƙirƙirar sunan Ibrananci, Sha'ar HaGai. , fassarar sunan Larabci a zahiri.
Zamanin Ottoman[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Titin Jaffa-Jerusalem da farko Ottoman ya fara samun damar yin amfani da motocin masu keken hannu a cikin 1867 kuma tun daga nan ya zama babbar hanyar zuwa Urushalima, wanda aka fifita fiye da hanyoyin da suka dace da yanayin yanayi kamar Route 443, wanda aka sani tun lokacin Littafi Mai-Tsarki a matsayin “hawan Beth. Horon". Tafiya daga Jaffa zuwa Kudus ta ragu, albarkacin wannan haɓakawa, daga kwana uku zuwa biyu kuma Bab al-Wad ya zama wurin da matafiya suke tsayawa su kwana. Don haka, daular Usmaniyya ta gina wurin masauki ko ayari, wanda aka yi amfani da shi ba da jimawa ba, a shekara ta 1869, shekarar da aka kaddamar da mashigin ruwa na Suez Canal, ta hanyar tafiye-tafiyen masarautar zuwa Kudus kamar Franz Joseph I na Austria-Hungary, nan gaba. Sarkin Birtaniya Edward VII da kuma Sarkin Jamus Frederick III na gaba.[1] A cikin 1898 Sarkin Jamus Wilhelm II da matarsa Augusta Victoria suka sake yin amfani da wurin, waɗanda suka kwana a sansanin.[2] Kararrawa mafi girma ga cocin Augusta Victoria Foundation, wanda Wilhelm ya qaddamar a lokacin ziyararsa ta 1898 da aka gina tsakanin 1907 zuwa 1910, ya auna nauyin tan shida kuma ya bukaci a fadada hanyar da shimfida.[3]
Yakin 1947-1948[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
A lokacin yakin basasa na 1947-48 a Falasdinu tilas da kuma yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila a 1948, wannan yanki da sansanin 'yan sanda da ke kusa da Latrun sun gamu da kazamin fada tsakanin sojojin Larabawa da ayarin motocin yahudawa a kan hanyar killace birnin Kudus. Bab al-Wad da ƙazantar da take gadin sun canza hannu tsakanin Sojojin Yancin Larabawa da ke samun goyon bayan Larabawa ba bisa ƙa'ida ba, da kuma ƙungiyoyin Yahudawa Palmach da Haganah, har zuwa Afrilu 20 1948, lokacin da Larabawa suka sake kwace tuddai a kusa da Bab al-Wad da ke rufe Tel Aviv- Hanyar Urushalima.[4]
Daga tsakiyar Mayu 1948, sansanin soja a Latrun, kilomita biyu kawai yamma da Bab al-Wad, Arab Legion, ingantaccen, horar da Birtaniyya kuma ya umarci sojojin Transjordan. Brigade na 10 na Palmach (Harel) a ƙarƙashin umarnin Lt. Col. Yitzhak Rabin, Firayim Minista na Isra'ila na gaba, ya sami nasarar kama Bab al-Wad da kansa, amma ɓangaren titin yamma da shi, wanda aka sarrafa daga Latrun, ya kasance a hannun Jordan har zuwa 1967, yana yanke wannan babbar hanyar zuwa Urushalima. Don wucewa ta hanyar da ke cikin Arab, Isra’ilawa sun gina hanyar Burma, wacce aka sanya wa suna sanannen hanyar yakin duniya na II zuwa China. An yi amfani da wannan hanyar ta hanya mai mahimmanci yayin farkon, muhimmin ɓangaren yaƙin, ana maye gurbinsa bayan watanni shida kawai ta hanyar mafi tsayi amma mafi aminci.
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Bab el Wad 1943 1:20,000 (ƙananan hagu quadrant) -
Bad el Wad 1945 1:250,000 -
Matsayin sojoji 10 Mayu 1948 (Bab el Oued)
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Bayan 1967[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Bayan yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila a shekarar 1967, lokacin da Isra'ila ta kwace yankin Latrun, an sake gina babbar hanyar Tel Aviv-Jerusalem akan mafi guntuwar hanyar da ta wuce Latrun da Sha'ar HaGai. A yau babbar titin 1 mai fadi da hanyoyi hudu a halin yanzu (2016) ana fadada shi saboda karuwar zirga-zirgar ababen hawa, ta hanyar yin zane-zane a cikin gangaren rafin Wadi Ali.
Abubuwan tunawa da yaki[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Motocin Sandwich[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Har zuwa 2000s, ragowar motocin sulke na ayarin motocin Yahudawa da aka lalata a lokacin yaƙin 1948 suna kan hanya a matsayin abin tunawa ga matattu na yaƙi. Yawancinsu manyan motoci ne na yau da kullun da nagartattun sulke da aka yi da karfe biyu da katako a tsakani, wanda hakan ya sa ake kiransu da “motocin sandwich”. Daga nan sai da sojoji suka mayar da su zuwa sassan biyu na kwazazzabo, inda aka tsare su daga barayin karfe, a ajiye su a baje kolinsu a gefen babbar hanyar.
Dandalin tunawa da Mahal[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
A wani wurin shakatawa a kudu da babban titin akwai Monument na Mahal Memorial, wanda ke tunawa da ca. Sojojin sa kai na Yahudawa 4000 da ba Yahudawa ba wadanda suka fito daga kasashen waje don taimakawa wajen kafa kasar Yahudu a 1947-48, wadanda 119 daga cikinsu suka rasa rayukansu a lokacin yakin.[6]
Tunawa da wadanda suka mutu a titin Jerusalem[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Wani "Bikin Tunawa da Majagaba na Hanyar Kudus", wanda aka kafa domin tunawa da mayakan Yahudawan 'Yancin kai da suka mutu a fadace-fadacen da aka gwabza akan hanyar zuwa Kudus, ya tsaya a gefen babbar hanyar da ke kusa da Neve Ilan. Aikin 1967 na sculptor na Isra'ila Naomi Henrik an gina shi da bakin karfe da siminti kuma ya ƙunshi tarin bututu masu kama da rokoki[5] da ke nuni zuwa Urushalima.
Waka[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Waƙar Ibrananci, Bab al-Wad, da kalmomin Haim Gouri da kuma waƙar Shmuel Fershko sun yi bikin tunawa da yaƙe-yaƙe na 1948. Shahararrun mawakan Isra’ila da dama ne suka yi waƙar, kamar Yafa Yarkoni, Shoshana Damari, Shlomo Gronich, da Harel Skaat. Waƙar tana da ayoyi huɗu, tare da aya ta huɗu ana magana kafin ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta ƙarshe.
Anan nake tafiya shiru
Kuma ina tuna su, kowane guda
Anan muka yi yaƙi tare, bisa manyan duwatsu da duwatsu
Anan muka kasance dangi daya
Babban Wad
Ka tuna da sunayenmu har abada
Yayin da ayarin motocin suka kutsa cikin birnin
Matattunmu suna kan titi
Bakin karfe yayi shiru kamar abokina
Isra'ilawa suna magana game da wurin a rayuwar yau da kullun suna kiranta da sunan Ibrananci Sha'ar HaGai (שער הגיא) a cikin Ibrananci, amma sanannen waƙar ya kira ta da sunan Larabci Bab al-Wad - kiyaye gaskiyar cewa a cikin 1948, sojojin matashin Isra'ila ya kira shi. Dukansu sunan Ibrananci da Larabci suna nufin iri ɗaya - "Ƙofar Kwarin".
Duba kuma[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- Yaƙin Urushalima (Disamba 1947 - Yuli 1948)
- Jerusalem corridor, babban yanki wanda ya ƙunshi Bab al-Wad/Sha'ar HaGai da kwazazzabo Wadi Ali
- Operation Ha-Har na sojojin Isra'ila a watan Oktobar 1948, wanda ya kai ga IDF ta karbe iko da hanyar Jerusalem.
Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- ↑ Mike Rogoff, Tourist Tip #252 Sha'ar HaGai, en Route to Jerusalem, in Haaretz, 4 June 2013, retrieved 15 March 2016
- ↑ Thomas Hartmut Benner, Die Strahlen der Krone: die religiöse Dimension des Kaisertums unter Wilhelm II. vor dem Hintergrund der Orientreise 1898, page 281, Tectum Verlag (2001), 08033994793.ABA, retrieved 12 January 2020
- ↑ The Lutheran World Federation - Department for World Service — Jerusalem - History Archived 2009-01-19 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Bell, J. Bowyer (1966). Besieged: Seven Cities Under Siege. Transaction Publishers. p. 216. ISBN 9781412817974.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "War Memorial by Naomi Henrik (Memorial for the Pioneers of the Road to Jerusalem)". Israel Public Art. Richard Margolis. Retrieved 13 January 2020.
- ↑ "Pillars of the community". Jerusalem Post. 27 April 2006.