Tarayyar Afrika
 Tarayyar Afrika | |
|---|---|
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Let Us All Unite and Celebrate Together (en)  A United and Strong Africa da Une Afrique unie et forte | |
| Bayanai | |
| Gajeren suna | UA, AU, UA, UA, UA, AU, 非盟, UA, UA, АС, ΑΕ, AU, АС, АС, AU, AU, UA, AU, АБ, XA, AU, АБ, АУ, AU, UA, 非盟, 非盟, UA, АЦ, AA, UA, AA, UA, AU, UA da UA |
| Iri |
regional organization (en) , continental union (en) da international organization (en) |
| Ƙaramar kamfani na | |
| Mulki | |
| Hedkwata | Addis Ababa da Johannesburg |
| Subdivisions | |
| Mamallaki na | |
| Tarihi | |
| Ƙirƙira | 9 Satumba 1999 |
| Mabiyi |
Organisation of African Unity (en) |
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Tarayyar Afirka ko African Union (AU) a turance. Tarayya ce da ta samo asali daga yunƙurin shugaba Hailie Selassie na ƙasar Itofiya da kuma shugaba Kwame Nkrumah na ƙasar Ghana a yunƙurinsu na haɗe ƙasashen Afirka su zama abu guda. Wannan ya biyo bayan rugujewar ƙungiyar ƙasashen Afirka mai suna (Union of Independent African States) wacce ta rayu tsawon shekarun da basu wuce uku zuwa huɗu ba (1958 – 1963).[1]
Waccar ƙungiya ta haɗa ƙasashen Afirka guda uku ne kawai wanda kuma hakan ya biyo bayan kaɗa ƙuri’ar cin ‘yancin-gashin-kai da ƙasar Guinea ta yi wanda kuma ya haifar da katsewar samar da tallafin da take samu daga uwar-gijyarta Faransa wanda ya yi sanadiyar jefa ƙasar cikin mayuwacin halin tattalin arziƙi kuma hakan ta haifar da samun bashi daga ƙasar Ghana wacce ita ke da ƙarfin tattalin arziƙi a matsayin ƙasa mai ‘yancin kai a wannan lokaci. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya haifar da haɗuwar Nkrumah da Ahmed Seku Touré su tattauna a Conakry babban birnin Guinea don tallafawa ƙasar ta Guinea wanda kuma shi ya haifar da kafa wannan ƙungiya ta nan take kasancewa su waɗannan mutane guda biyu suna daga cikin jaruman ‘yan gwagwarmayar ƙwatar ‘yancin ƙasashen Afirka daga mulkin danniya na Turawan mulkin mallaka. Wannan ƙungiya ta haɗa ƙasashen Guinea da Ghana inda kuma daga bisani ƙasar Mali ta shiga cikinsu a Shekara 1960 dukkansu a ƙarƙashin shugabannin ƙasashen uku.[2]
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Amma Oxfam International (2012) suna ganin cewa tarihin kafuwar Tarayyar Afirka (AU) da magabaciyarta ƙungiyar Haɗin kan Afirka (OAU) ya faro ne tun daga Guguwar neman haɗin kan ƙasashen Afirka mai taken “Pan-Africa” a cikin ƙarni na 21 da kuma sha’awar da shugabannin Afirka suke da ita ta haɗe ƙasashen na Afirka su zama abu guda don cin moriyar tattalin arziƙin juna da kuma taimakawa talakawan ƙashen na Afirika. [3]
Tutar Tarayyar Afirka
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]OAU
Bayan wancan tunani da kuma yunƙuri da waɗancan shugabanni guda biyu suka ɗauki shekaru suna yi, a taron da aka gabatar a Addis Ababa babban birnin Itofiya a ranar 25 ga watan Mayu na 1963, ƙasashe 30 daga cikin ƙasashe 32 na Afirka masu ‘yancin kai, suka rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar kafa wannan ƙungiya ta haɗin kan Afirka mai suna Organization of African Union a Turance kuma abar taƙaitawa da (OAU). Kafin shekarar ta ƙare suma sauran biyun suka rattaba nasu hannun. Sai dai daga baya a shekarar 1985 ƙasar Maroko ta fita daga wannan ƙungiya.
OAU/AEC
Tun wancan lokaci da aka kafa wannan ƙungiya ta ci gaba da gudanar da tarurrukanta don tattauna yadda za a kawo ci gaba mai ɗorewa a yankin Afirka. Daga cikin irin waɗannan tarurruka an gudanar da wani a jahar Lagos ta Najeriya a shekarar 1980 inda suka tattauna kan jadawalin gudanar da ayyuka. Wannan tattaunawa ta fito fili bayan da waɗannan shugabanni suka sake zama a Abuja ta Najeriya a shekarar 1991 zaman da ya kai ga ƙirƙirar Kwamatin Tattalin Arziƙin Afirka “African Economic Community (AEC)”. Tun daga shekarar 1994, Tarayyar ta kama aiki da waɗannan ƙudurori guda biyu (Yarjejeniyar farko ta 1963 da kuma yarjejeniyar Abuja ta 1991).