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Te Waiohua

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Te Waiohua
iwi (en) Fassara

Te Waiohua ko Te Wai-o-Hua ƙungiya ce ta Māori iwi (ƙabilar) wacce ta bunƙasa a farkon ƙarni na 17. Roha (yanki na ƙabilanci) da farko shine tsakiyar yankin Tāmaki Makaurau (Auckland isthmus) kuma suna da pā (ƙauyuka masu ƙarfi) kamar hak: a Te Tātua a Riukiuta (Sarakuna Uku), Puketāpapa (Mt Roskill), Te Ahi-kā-a-Rakataura (Mt Albert), Maungakiekie (One Tree Hill), Maungawhau (Mt Eden), Tītīkōkōpuke (Mt Stū), Tunterau (Mt Hobson), Rangitoto (Upland Reserve), Tū, Tao), Tūūū, Tūū, Mount Mount Mount, Tū, Tutsi, Tū), Tūy, Tūy House, Tū Zuriyar ƙungiyar Waiohua a yau sun haɗa da, Ngāti Te Ata Waiohua da Te Ākitai Waiohua .

Tarihi

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Waiohua ƙungiya ce ta kabilun yankin Tāmaki Makaurau, waɗanda Huakaiwaka ya haɗa su a matsayin ƙungiya ɗaya (wanda za'a iya gano sunan ƙabilar, Waters of Hua). Huakaiwaka ya rayu kuma ya mutu a Maungawhau / Dutsen Eden . [1][2] Manyan kungiyoyi uku da Huakaiwaka suka haɗu an san su da Ngā Oho, wanda ke zaune a Papakura, Ngā Riki, wanda ke aiki a Kudancin Auckland tare da ƙauye daga Papakura zuwa Ōtāhuhu, da Ngā Iwi, waɗanda suka zauna daga Ōtāhue zuwa Arewacin Yankin.[1] Ƙungiyar ta ɗauki sunan Waiohua bayan mutuwar Te Hua-o-Kaiwaka, wani lokaci tsakanin shekarar 1575 da 1620s. [2][3] Ngā Oho, Ngā Riki da Ngā Iwi sun ci gaba da samun asali daban-daban yayin da suke cikin Waiohua gaba ɗaya.

A kusa da shekara ta 1675, Ngāti Maru na ƙungiyar Marutūāhu ya kori Waiohua pā da ke Maungakiekie / One Tree Hill, Maungawhau da Maungarei / Mount Wellington . [1] A kusa da shekara ta 1680, shugaban jarumi na Ngāti Whātua Kāwharu ya jagoranci jam'iyyun yaƙi don kai hari da kuma kwace Waiohua pā guda biyu da ke Matukutūreia (Dutse na McLaughlins) da Matukutūruru (Dutse ta Wiri), a yammacin Wiri, Kudancin Auckland ..[4].[5]

Te Ikamaupoho, ɗan Te Huakaiwaka, ya fara jagorantar Te Waiohua a ƙarshen karni na 17, kuma a farkon shekarun 1700 ƙungiyar ta kasance babbar tasiri a kan isthmus na Auckland.[1][2] pā a Maungakiekie / One Tree Hill ya zama cibiyar kabilanci ga Waiohua . [6] Shi ne mazaunin mafi yawan manyan sarakuna a cikin ƙungiyar, da kuma wurin da aka gudanar da al'adun gargajiya da yawa.[6] A cikin shekarun 1720, manyan ƙauyuka na Waiohua sun haɗa da Maungawhau, Maungakiekie, Māngere Mountain ("Te Pane o Mataoho"), Ōtāhuhu, Puketāpapa, Te Tātua a Riukiuta, Te Ahi-kā-a-Rakataura, Titikōpuke, Ōhinerau da Maungataketake kusa da Ihumātao . [7] A wannan lokacin, Ngāi Tāhuhu da Te Kawerau ā Maki an dauke su abokan tarayya ga Waiohua, ko hapū waɗanda suka kasance wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar.[7]

A cikin shekarun 1730 da 1740, Waiohua ya yi yaƙi da Ngāti Pāoa zuwa kudu (wanda ke zaune a yammacin Hauraki Plains Ngāti Pāoa) da Te Taoū na Ngāti Whātua (wanda ke kusa da tashar Kaipara).[8] Te Taoū ya kori ƙauyukan Waiohua kamar Maungakiekie da Māngere . [8] A kusa da shekara ta 1741, babban shugaban Te Waiohua, Kiwi Tāmaki, an kashe shi a yaƙi a Paruroa (Great Muddy Creek a Titirangi) ta hanyar Te Taoū / Ngāti Whātua shugaban Te Waha-aki, don mayar da martani ga Kiwi Tāsāmaki ya kashe mambobi da yawa na Te Taoū da cin amana.[9] Ngāti Whātua ya zama babban karfi a kan isthmus na Auckland daga wannan lokacin har zuwa farkon shekarar 1800s.[1] A cikin shekarun 1750, yawancin sauran mambobin Waiohua sun zauna tsakanin Waikato Tainui zuwa kudu, a wurare kamar Drury, Pōkeno da Papakura, yayin da wasu suka yi aure da Ngāti Whātua. [8] [6][10][2]

A cikin shekarar 1863 saboda tsoron Mutanen Maori King Movement da mamayewa, Gwamna George Grey ya ba da umarnin korar duk Māori a tashar jiragen ruwa ta Manukau da yankin Kudancin Auckland waɗanda ba su yi rantsuwa ga Sarauniya ba kuma su ba da makamai.[11] Yawancin kabilun Waiohua-ya'yan sun ji cewa babu wani zaɓi sai dai su bar Waikato, saboda alaƙar da suke da ita da kabilun Waikato Tainui.[11] Yayinda yake barin zuwa Waikato, Te Ākitai Waiohua rangatira Ihaka Takaanini ya kama shi tare da iyalinsa ta tsohon maƙwabcinsa Marmaduke Nixon, kuma an zarge shi da zama ɗan tawaye. [12][11] Yayinda aka yi garkuwa da shi a Tsibirin Rakino, Ihaka Takaanini ya mutu.[11] Kwanaki bayan sanarwar, Crown ta fara mamayewar Waikato.[11] Bayan mamayewar, an kwace yawancin ƙasar kabilun Waiohua, an raba su kuma an sayar da su ga baƙi na Burtaniya.[11]

Yawancin iwi da hapū sun gano asalin su zuwa Waiohua, gami da:

Manazarta

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Bayanan littattafai

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Taonui, Rāwiri (8 February 2005). "The tribes of Tāmaki". Te Ara. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Te Ākitai Waiohua (24 August 2010). "CULTURAL VALUES ASSESSMENT BY TE ĀKITAI WAIOHUA for MATUKUTŪREIA QUARRY PRIVATE PLAN CHANGE" (PDF). Auckland Council. Retrieved 2021-02-04.[permanent dead link]
  3. ↑ "ca 1575". Manukau's Journey - Ngā Tapuwae o Manukau. Auckland Libraries Heritage Collections. MJ_0007. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  4. ↑ "ca 1675". Manukau's Journey - Ngā Tapuwae o Manukau. Auckland Libraries Heritage Collections. MJ_0011. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  5. ↑ "ca 1680". Manukau's Journey - Ngā Tapuwae o Manukau. Auckland Libraries Heritage Collections. MJ_0013. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Fairfield, F. G. (1941). "Maungakiekie. One Tree Hill, Auckland. Description of some Ethnological Discoveries". The Journal of the Polynesian Society. 50 (2(198)): 92–104. ISSN 0032-4000.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 "ca 1720". Manukau's Journey - Ngā Tapuwae o Manukau. Auckland Libraries Heritage Collections. MJ_0015. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 "ca 1740". Manukau's Journey - Ngā Tapuwae o Manukau. Auckland Libraries Heritage Collections. MJ_0017. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  9. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named AileenFox
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "ca 1765". Manukau's Journey - Ngā Tapuwae o Manukau. Auckland Libraries Heritage Collections. MJ_0020. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 Mackintosh 2021.
  12. ↑ Te Ākitai Waiohua (2015). "Cultural impact assessment by Te Ākitai Waiohua for Bremner Road Drury Special Housing Area" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 February 2019. Retrieved 10 August 2019 – via Auckland Council.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 Māngere-Ōtāhuhu Local Board (21 June 2017). "Māngere-Ōtāhuhu Local Board Open Agenda" (PDF). Auckland Council. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
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