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Tunjere

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.

Syphilis (/ˈsɪfəlɪs, ˈsɪfɪlɪs/) cuta ce da ake samu ta hanyar jima'i wanda kwayar cuta ta [./Treponema_<i id= pallidum]" id="mwPg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Treponema pallidum">Treponema pallidum ta haifar da kwayar cutar.[1] Alamomi da alamun sun dogara da matakin da yake gabatarwa: na farko, na biyu, latent ko na uku.[1][2] Mataki na farko yana gabatar da chancre guda ɗaya (mai ƙarfi, mara zafi, ciwon fata marasa ƙaikayi yawanci tsakanin 1 cm da 2 cm a fadin zobe), kodayake akwai yiwuwar raunuka da yawa.[2] A cikin syphilis na biyu, kuraje mai yaduwa yana faruwa, wanda sau da yawa ya haɗa da tafin hannaye da tafin ƙafafu.[2] Hakanan akwai yuwar ciwo a baki ko farji.[2] Syphilis mai ɓoye ba shi da alamomi kuma zai iya kasance har shekaru goma.[2] A cikin syphilis na uku, akwai gummas (mai laushi, wanda ba na ciwon daji ba), matsalolin jijiyoyi, ko alamun zuciya.[3] Syphilis an san shi da "babban mai koyi", saboda yana iya haifar da alamun da suka yi kama da sauran cututtuka da yawa.[2][3]  

Syphilis ya fi yaduwa ta hanyar jima'i.[2] Hakanan ana iya yadawa daga uwa zuwa jariri a lokacin daukar ciki ko a lokacin haihuwa, wanda ke haifar da syphilis na haihuwa.[2][4] Sauran cututtukan da Treponema suka haifar sun hada da Yaws (T. pallidum subspecies belongue), pinta (T. carateum), da kuma syphilis mai cutarwa (T.T. pallidum subspocies endemicum). [3] Wadannan cututtuka guda uku ba sa yaduwa ta hanyar jima'i.[5] Ana gano cutar yawanci ne ta hanyar amfani da Gwajin jini; ana iya gano kwayoyin cuta ta amfani da microscopy na duhu.[2] Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Rigakafin Cututtuka (Amurka) sun ba da shawarar a gwada dukkan mata masu juna biyu.[2]

Ana iya rage haɗarin yaduwar syphilis ta hanyar amfani da latex ko polyurethane condom.[2] Ana iya magance Syphilis yadda ya kamata tare da maganin rigakafi.[6] Maganin rigakafi da aka fi so ga mafi yawan lokuta shine benzylpenicillin" id="mwrA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Benzathine benzylpenicillin">benzathine benzylpenicillin da aka yi da allura a cikin tsoka.[6] A cikin waɗanda ke da mummunan rashin jituwar jiki da penicillin, ana iya amfani da doxycycline ko tetracycline.[6] A cikin waɗanda ke da Neurosymphilis, ana ba da shawarar benzylpenicillin ko Ceftriaxone.[6] A lokacin jinya, mutane na iya kamuwa da zazzabi, ciwon kai, da Ciwon tsoka, wanda aka sani da Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction.[6]

A cikin shekara ta 2015, kimanin mutane miliyan 45.4 suna da cututtukan syphilis, [7] daga cikinsu miliyan shida sabbin masu kamuwa da cutar ne. [8] A cikin shekara ta 2015, ya haifar da mutuwar kusan 107,000, daga 202,000 a cikin 1990.[9][10] Bayan raguwa sosai tare da wadatar magani penicillin a cikin shekarun 1940, yawan kamuwa da cuta ya karu tun lokacin cikan shekaru duba a kasashe da yawa, sau da yawa a hade tare da Kwayar cutar rigakafin mutum (HIV). [3][11] An yi imanin cewa wannan wani bangare ne saboda amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi mara lafiya, karuwar karuwanci, da raguwar amfani da kwaroron roba.[12][13][14] 

  1. 1 2 (Andrew I. ed.). Missing or empty |title= (help)
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 "Syphilis – CDC Fact Sheet (Detailed)". CDC. 2 November 2015. Archived from the original on 6 February 2016. Retrieved 3 February 2016. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "CDC2015Fact" defined multiple times with different content.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Kent ME, Romanelli F (February 2008). "Reexamining syphilis: an update on epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and management". Annals of Pharmacotherapy. 42 (2): 226–36. doi:10.1345/aph.1K086. PMID 18212261. S2CID 23899851. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Kent08" defined multiple times with different content.
  4. ↑ Woods, CR (June 2009). "Congenital syphilis-persisting pestilence". The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. 28 (6): 536–537. doi:10.1097/INF.0b013e3181ac8a69. PMID 19483520.
  5. ↑ "Pinta". NORD. Archived from the original on 16 August 2018. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 "Syphilis". CDC. 4 June 2015. Archived from the original on 21 February 2016. Retrieved 3 February 2016.
  7. ↑ GBD 2015 Maternal Mortality Collaborators (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1545–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6. PMC 5055577. PMID 27733282.
  8. ↑ Newman, L; Rowley, J; Vander Hoorn, S; Wijesooriya, NS; Unemo, M; Low, N; Stevens, G; Gottlieb, S; Kiarie, J; Temmerman, M (2015). "Global Estimates of the Prevalence and Incidence of Four Curable Sexually Transmitted Infections in 2012 Based on Systematic Review and Global Reporting". PLOS ONE. 10 (12). Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1043304N. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0143304. PMC 4672879. PMID 26646541.
  9. ↑ GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1459–1544. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1. PMC 5388903. PMID 27733281.
  10. ↑ Lozano, R (15 December 2012). "Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010". Lancet. 380 (9859): 2095–128. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0. PMC 10790329 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 23245604. S2CID 1541253. Archived from the original on 19 May 2020. Retrieved 9 April 2020. |hdl-access= requires |hdl= (help)
  11. ↑ Franzen, C (December 2008). "Syphilis in composers and musicians – Mozart, Beethoven, Paganini, Schubert, Schumann, Smetana". European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases. 27 (12): 1151–57. doi:10.1007/s10096-008-0571-x. PMID 18592279. S2CID 947291.
  12. ↑ Coffin, L.S.; Newberry, A.; Hagan, H.; Cleland, C.M.; Des Jarlais, D.C.; Perlman, D.C. (January 2010). "Syphilis in Drug Users in Low and Middle Income Countries". The International Journal on Drug Policy. 21 (1): 20–27. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2009.02.008. PMC 2790553. PMID 19361976.
  13. ↑ Gao, L.; Zhang, L.; Jin, Q (September 2009). "Meta-analysis: prevalence of HIV infection and syphilis among MSM in China". Sexually Transmitted Infections. 85 (5): 354–58. doi:10.1136/sti.2008.034702. PMID 19351623. S2CID 24198278.
  14. ↑ Karp, G.; Schlaeffer, F.; Jotkowitz, A.; Riesenberg, K. (January 2009). "Syphilis and HIV co-infection". European Journal of Internal Medicine. 20 (1): 9–13. doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2008.04.002. PMID 19237085.
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